英語四級翻譯模擬題附答案和講解

　　下面是小編整理的，希望對大家有幫助。

　　1：

　　桂林是中國著名的風景旅遊城市。它位於廣西東北部，面積有2.78萬平方公里，人口500萬。擁有2000多年曆史的桂林還是一個歷史文化名城。自北宋***the Northern Song Dynasty***以來，桂林就已成為廣西的政治、 經濟及文化中心。桂林山水以山青、水秀、洞奇、石美聞名天下;桂林的交通、通訊和住宿都非常便利發達。因此每年有成千上萬的國內外遊客來到桂林旅遊。

　　1.第2句“它位於......，面積有......，人口......”有3個分句，如果逐字對譯為It is located in..., the areais...，and the population is...則譯文拖沓繁冗。宜將“它位於......”處理為過去分詞短語，作地點狀語，“面積有......”處理為主幹，“人口......”處理為介詞短語，表伴隨狀態，整句譯作Located in..., Guilin covers anarea of... with a population of...。

　　2.第3句中“桂林”的定語“擁有2000多年曆史的”較長，可考慮將其處理成定語從句，整句譯為Guilin whichhas a history of..., is also a...，但翻譯出來的句子稍顯頭重腳輕。故將定語轉換為狀語，用介詞短語譯出，表達為 Guilin is a... city with a history of...。

　　3.翻譯第5句的“桂林山水以山青、水秀、洞奇、石美聞名天下”時，此處的“桂林山水”是指“桂林風景”，故翻譯為Guilin scenery，而翻譯整個句子時，可先譯出主幹“桂林山水聞名天下”Guilin scenery is famous,再用介詞短語譯出原因狀語“以山青......”，譯為 for its green mountains, clear water, magic holes andbeautiful stones。

　　4.最後一句的“有成千上萬的國內外遊客來到桂林”如譯為There are thousands of tourists from homeand abroad come to Guilin，則因為***there*** are和come to兩個動詞都能作謂語而譯文錯誤，故應省略 “有”的動作不譯而整句譯為 Thousands of tourists from home and abroad are attracted to...，此處“來到”譯為are attracted to...比come to譯得更精準、更體現出桂林的魅力。

　　Guilin is China's well-known tourist scenic city. Located in the northeast of Guangxi, Guilincovers an area of 27,800 square kilometers with a population of 5 million. Guilin is also afamous historic and cultural city with a history of over 2,000 years. Guilin has been the centerof politics, economy and culture of Guangxi since the Northern Song Dynasty. Guilin scenery isfamous for its green mountains, clear water, magic holes and beautiful stones. Thetransportation, communication, and accommodation in Guilin are convenient and well-developed. Therefore, thousands of tourists from home and abroad are attracted to travel hereevery year.

　　2：

　　中國人在慶祝傳統新年時，有貼年畫***New Year pictures***的習俗。這在宋朝的史料中有所記載。廣大農村尤其流行這個習俗。在新年來臨之際每個家庭都忙於往門、窗戶和牆上貼彩色的年畫或剪紙***paper-cut***。傳統的年畫是用簡單清晰的線條和明亮的色彩描繪出繁榮的景象。年畫表達的主題範圍很廣，但所有年畫傳遞的資訊一直都是好運、節日氣息或人們希望的其他好事情。

　　1.中國人在慶祝傳統新年時，有貼年畫的習俗:本句主語是“中國人”，可用Chinese people來表示。謂語部分是“有貼年畫的習俗”，其中“有…的習俗”可譯為have the custom of..., “貼年畫”可譯為stick up NewYear pictures。

　　2.這在宋朝的史料中有所記栽:該句可譯為被動句This can be traced in the historical records of theSong Dynasty。其中謂語為be traced，“史料”可譯為 historical records。

　　3.在新年來臨之際，每個家庭都忙於往門、窗戶和牆上貼彩色的年畫或剪紙:“在新年來臨之際”可譯為Upon the coming of the New Year。“每個家庭”可譯為every household。“忙於..."可譯為be busy indoing sth.或be occupied with...。

　　參考翻譯:

　　Chinese people have the custom of sticking up New Year pictures to celebrate the traditionalNew Year. This can be traced in the historical records of the Song Dynasty. The custom isparticularly popular in the vast countryside. Upon the coming of the New Year, everyhousehold will be busy pasting colorful New Year pictures or paper-cuts on their doors, windowsand walls. Traditional New Year pictures are characterized by scenes of prosperity depicted insimple, clear lines and brilliant colors. The themes expressed in New Year pictures cover a widerange, but the messages all pictures convey are always good luck, festival atmosphere orother nice things in the wish of the people.

　　3：

　　國畫***Chinese painting***是世界上最古老的藝術傳統之一。繪畫時用毛筆蘸黑墨或彩墨在紙張或絲綢上作畫。根據表現手法，國畫可分為寫童派***the Xieyi school***和工筆派***the Gongbi school***兩大類。寫意派以自 由表達和形式誇張為特點;工筆派則注重以精細的筆法描繪細節。山水畫被公認為國畫的最高形式。縱觀歷史，不同時期的國畫都相應地反映出人們的社會意識。

　　1.第2句為無主語句，翻譯時可補充出主語0ne，譯作When painting, one uses a brush to dip it inblack ink...，但這種譯法顯得較為繁冗。此處宜把時間狀語“繪畫時”轉換成主句is done,“用毛筆蘸黑墨......”處理成方式狀語，用介詞短語with a brush dipped in black...來表達，這樣句子更簡潔、邏輯關係更強。

　　2.在第3句中，“可分為幾大類”可譯為短語be divided into...categories;“寫意派和工筆派”則可用定語從 句which are...來表達。

　　3.第4句含有對比的並列結構，可用表對比的連詞while來連線。該句中的“注重……描繪細節”譯成attachimportance to detail即可達意，省譯“描繪”;“以精細的筆法”是方式狀語，可用介詞短語with fine brushwork來表達，置於句末。

　　4.在最後一句中，定語“不同時期的”較長，可將其處理成後置定語，表達為at different times/periods。

　　Chinese painting is one of the oldest artistic traditions in the world. The painting is done onpaper or silk with a brush dipped in black or colored ink. According to the means of expression,Chinese paintings can be divided into two categories which are the Xieyi school and the Gongbischool. The Xieyi school is characterized by free expression and exaggerated forms, while theGongbi school attaches importance to detail with fine brush work. Landscape painting is widelyregarded as the highest form of Chinese painting. Throughout history, the Chinese paintingspaintings at different times mirror people's social consciousness accordingly.