英語倒裝句精講及練習
"倒裝句"主要指的是謂語語序的倒裝,當然也有賓語和表語語序的倒裝。倒裝句分為兩種，部分倒裝***將謂語的一部分提到主語之前***和全部倒裝***將謂語的全部提到主語之前***。接下來，小編給大家準備了,歡迎大家參考與借鑑。
一、 部分倒裝
部分倒裝是把be動詞、情態動詞、助動詞放到主語之前。如果句子中沒有這些詞,要在主語之前加助動詞do / does / did等,而把原來的謂語動詞變成原形放在主語之後。部分倒裝主要有以下幾種情況:
1. 句首狀語為否定詞或半否定詞的句子。
這類詞或短語主要有never, neither, nor, little, seldom, rarely1, hardly, scarcely2, no sooner, not only, in no way, at no time, few, not, no等, 如:
Not a word did I say to him.
Never have I found him so happy.
Little does he care about what I said.
I can't swim. Neither can he.
No sooner had he gone to bed than he fell asleep.
鞏固練習:
1*** Hardly ________ the airport when the plane took off.
A. I had arrived at B. had I arrived C. had I reached D. I had got to
2*** —Have you ever seen anything like that before?
—No, ________ anything like that before.
A. I never have seen B. never I have seen C. never have I seen D. I have seen
3*** She is not fond of cooking, ________ I.
A. so am B. nor am C. neither D. nor do
2. only + 狀語放在句首,要部分倒裝。如:
Only by this means3 is it possible to explain it. ***介詞短語***
Only then did I realize the importance of math. ***副詞***
Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to work. ***從句***
鞏固練習:
4*** Only in this way ________ make progress in your English.
A. you B. can you C. you be able to D. will you able to
5*** Only when the meeting was over________ go back to meet his friend.
A. he could B. he was able to C. was he able to D. was able to he
3. so或so引導的短語放在句首,要部分倒裝。如:
I saw the film, so did she.
So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him.
鞏固練習:
6*** I like sports and ________ my brother.
A. so does B. so is C. so can D. so likes
7*** The doctor told Charlie to breathe deeply4 and ________.
A. so did Charlie B. Charlie did so C. Charlie does so D. did Charlie so
8*** So loudly ________ that ________ hear her clearly.
A. did she speak; could everyone B. did she speak; everyone could
C. she spoke5; could everyone D. she spoke; everyone could
4. "Not only + 分句,but also + 分句"句型中的前一分句要部分倒裝。如:
Not only does John love Chinese, he is also good at speaking it.
但not only...but also...連線主語時,不倒裝。如:
Not only the mother but also the children are sick.
鞏固練習:
9*** ________ himself wrong, but his friends were wrong.
A. Not was only he B. Not only he
C. Not only was he D. Not only was
5. Not until放在句首,從句不倒裝,主句倒裝。如:
Not until last week did they find the lost bike. ***簡單句***
Not until my son had entered the university did he realize the importance of time. ***複合句***
鞏固練習:
10*** Not until the early years of the 19th century ________ know what heat is.
A. man did B. man C. didn't man D. did man
11*** Not until I began to work ________ realize how much time I had wasted.
A. didn't I B. did I C. I didn't D. I
6. as引導的讓步狀語從句。如:
Proud as these nobles6 are, he's afraid to see me.
Tired as he was, he kept on running.
鞏固練習:
12*** ________, he's honest.
A. As he is poor B. Poor is he C. Poor as he is D. Poor as is he
7. 在以often, well, many a time, now and again 等方式或頻度副詞***短語***開頭的句子中,要用部分倒裝結構。如:
Many a time has John given me good advice.
Often have we made that test.
鞏固練習:
13*** Many a time ________ swimming alone.
A. the boy went B. went the boy C. did the boy go D. did go the boy
二、 全部倒裝
全部倒裝有以下幾種情況:
1. There be結構。另外,在此結構中可以用來代替be動詞的動詞有:exist, seem, happen, appear, live, rise, stand等。如:
There stood a dog before him.
There exist different opinions on this question.
鞏固練習:
1*** ________ a beautiful palace ________ the foot of the hill.
A. There stand; at B. There stands; under
C. Stands there; under D. There stands; at
2. "Here, There, Now, Then + come ***或be等*** + 主語" 結構。
說明:本句型中there是副詞,應重讀,強調地點。而前一句型中的there是引導詞,本身沒意義。如:
Here comes the old lady!
Then came the hour we had been looking forward to.
There comes the bus.
Now comes your turn.
除了then引導的句子用過去式以外,其餘的均用一般現在時,表示一種生動的描述。其次,如果主語是人稱代詞,就不用倒裝。如:
Here you are.
There she comes.
鞏固練習:
2*** There ________. And here ________.
A. goes the phone; she comes B. is the phone going; is she
C. does the phone go; does she come D. the phone goes; come she
3. 表示方向的副詞out, in, up, down等置於句首,要用全部倒裝。如:
In came Mr White.
Up went the arrow7 into the air.
Away went the boy.
鞏固練習:
3*** Out ________, with a stick in his hand.
A. did he rush B. rushed he C. he rushed D. he did rush
4*** ________ from the top of the building when the policeman pointed8 the gun at him.
A. Jumped down the robber9 B. Jumped the robber down
C. Down jumped the robber D. Down the robber jumped
4. "分詞***代詞*** + be + 主語"結構。如:
Walking at the head of the line was our teacher.
Such was the story he told me.
鞏固練習:
5*** ________, a man of achievements, deep thoughts, but with simple habits.
A. Einstein was such B. Such was Einstein
C. Einstein was so D. So was Einstein
6*** ________ are the days when teachers were looked down upon.
A. Gone B. Go C. To go D. Going
5. 表示地點的介詞短語 ***如on the wall, under the tree, in front of the house, in the middle of the room等***放在句首時,要全部倒裝。如:
On the top of the hill stands a pine tree.
In front of the classroom is a playground.
鞏固練習:
7*** Near the church ________ cottage.
A. was such an old B. had a so old
C. was such old a D. is so an old