高中英語倒裝句的語法知識點總結

  在英語語法中,如果把位於動詞放在在於前面,就叫倒裝句。關於英語倒裝句的語法知識點你還了解多少?下面由小編為大家提供關於,希望對大家有幫助!

  倒裝句知識點一、講解

  1.倒裝句的定義:英語最基本的詞序是主語在謂語動詞的前面。

  如果把謂語動詞放在主語前面,就叫做倒裝。

  3. 倒裝的原因

  a*** 句子語法結構的需要。例如:

  Did you attend the meeting? 你參加會議了嗎?

  Long live peace! 和平萬歲!

  b*** 一些句型的固定用法。例如:

  Such were his last words. 他最後的話就是這樣。

  c***強調的需要。倒裝以後,句子更加流暢生動。例如:

  Never before have we seen such a sight. 以前我們從來沒有見過這樣的情景。

  Before us lay a lot of difficulties. 在我們前面有很多困難。

  Often did we warn them not to do so. 我們曾多次警告他們不要這樣做。

  4. 倒裝句的基本用法

  a*** 構成疑問句***除對主語或主語之定語提問的特殊疑問句外***:

  When are we going to drink to your happiness? 我們什麼時候喝你們的喜酒?

  Have you seen the film? 你那部電影嗎?

  b*** 在以here, there, now, then, in, away, up down等副詞開頭的句子中:

  Away went the crowd one by one. 人們一個一個地離去。

  Here comes our teacher! 我們的老師來了!

  c*** 副詞only+狀語放在句首時:

  Only then did he realize his mistakes . 只有在那時他才認識到自己的錯誤。

  Only in this way can you learn maths well . 只有用這種方法你才能學好數學。

  d*** 含有否定意義的副詞或連詞***如little, hardly, never, rarely, no sooner…than等***放在句首時:

  Little did I think that he could be back alive. 我沒有想到他竟能活著回來。

  Not until New Year’s Day shall I give you a gift. 我要到元旦那天才能給你禮物。

  Hardly had the train arrived at the station when we ran towards the sleeping car looking for our guests.

  火車剛一進站,我們就跑到臥車那兒去找我們的客人。

  e*** 副詞so或 neither***nor***在句首:

  He is interested in pop-songs, and so am I.他對流行歌曲感興趣,我也如此。

  He hasn’t been to the countryside, neither does he want to go there.他沒有去過農村,他也不想去那裡。

  f*** 在方式狀語thus開頭的句子中及程度狀語so放句首:

  Thus ended his life. 這樣結束了他的生命。

  So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him . 他講話的聲音那樣大,連隔壁屋子裡的人都聽得見。

  2. so作“也”講時,引導的句子用倒裝語序,例如:

  He went to the film last night. So did I. 他昨天晚上去看電影了,我也去了。

  如不作“也”講而只起連詞作用,表示一種結果的意思,句子就要用正常語序。例如:

  His mother told him to go to the film. So he did. 他母親叫他去看電影,他就去了。

  “He is a tall thin man.” “So he is.” “他又高又瘦。” “確實如此。”

  3. 某些讓步狀語從句往往把表語提到主語前面或放在句首,以構成倒裝結構。例如:

  No matter how interesting the book is,he doesn't like to read it.不管這本書多有趣,他都不想看。

  However hard a solid may be,we can change its shape. 不管一個固體有多硬,我們都可以改變其形狀。

  Young as he is, he knows a lot. 雖然他年輕,卻知道很多東西。

  4. 在虛擬語氣中,如果非真實條件句省略if,須將主句中的were, had和should等助動詞和主語顛倒形成部分倒裝。例如:

  Were he younger ***= If he were younger***, he would learn skating. 假如他年輕一些,他就會去學溜冰。

  Should they forget ***= If they should forget*** to bring a map with them, they would get lost in the woods

  如果他們忘記帶一張地圖的話,他們就會在深林裡迷路。

  Had they realized ***= If they had realized*** how important the task was, they wouldn’t have refused to

  accept it. 假如他們認識到這個任務是多麼重要的話,他們就不致於拒絕接受這項任務。

  倒裝句知識點二、構成

  倒裝句的構成分為全部倒轉和部分倒裝

  a、全部倒裝

  全部倒裝是隻將句子中的謂語動詞全部置於主語之前。此結構通常只用與一般現在時和一般過去時。常見的結構有

  1***here,there,now,then,thus等副詞置於句首,謂語動詞常用be,come,go,lie,run。

  Theregoesthebell.

  2***表示運動方向的副詞或地點狀語置於句首,謂語表示運動的動詞。

  Outrushedamissilefromunderthebomber.

  注意上述全部倒裝的句型結構的主語必須是名詞,如果主語是人稱代詞則不能完全倒裝。

  Herehecomes.

  b、部分倒裝

  部分倒裝是指將謂語的一部分如助動詞或情態倒裝至主語之前。如果句中的謂語沒有助動詞或情態動詞,則需新增助動詞do,does或did,並將其置於主語之前。

  1***句首為否定或半否定的詞語,如no,not,never,seldom,little,hardly,atnotime,innoway,notuntil…等。

  NeverhaveIseensuchaperformance.

  Notuntilthechildfellasleepdidthemotherleavetheroom.

  當Notuntil引出主從複合句,主句倒裝,從句不倒裝。

  注意如否定詞不在句首不倒裝。

  Ihaveneverseensuchaperformance.

  典型例題

  1***WhycantIsmokehere?

  Atnotime___inthemeeting-room

  A.issmokingpermittedB.smokingispermitted

  C.smokingisitpermittedD.doessmokingpermit

  答案A.這是一個倒裝問題。當否定詞語置於句首以表示強調時,其句中的主謂須用倒裝結構。這些否定詞包括no,little,hardly,seldom,never,notonly,notuntil等。本題的正常語序是Smokingispermittedinthemeeting-roomatnotime.

  2***Notuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19thcentury___whatheatis.

  A.mandidknowB.manknowC.didntmanknowD.didmanknow

  答案D.看到Notuntil…的句型,我們知道為一倒裝句,答案在C,D中選一個。

  改寫為正常語序為,Mandidnotknowwhatheatisuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19th.現在將not提前,後面就不能再用否定了,否則意思就變了。

  以否定詞開頭作部分倒裝

  如Notonly…butalso,Hardly/Scarcely…when,Nosooner…than

  Not only did here fuse thegi ft,healsoseverelycriticizedthesender.

  Hardly had she gone out when a student came tovisither.

  倒裝句知識點三、試題

  1. My brother had a cold last week, _________.

  A. so had I B. so did I

  C. I had so D. so I had

  2. Not until _________ home __________ his parents had been ill for three days.

  A. he got; he knew B. did he get; he knew

  C. he got; did he know D. did he get; did he know

  3. In hardly any situation ________ find her sad.

  A. that you can B. that can you

  C. you can D. can you

  4. Be quick! _________.

  A. The bus comes here B. Here comes the bus

  C. The bus here comes D. Here is the bus coming

  5. In ________ and the lesson began.

  A. the teacher came B. the teacher coming

  C. came the teacher D. did the teacher come

  6. On the wall _________ two large portraits.

  A. hangs B. hang C. hanged D. hanging