形容詞和副詞考點分析

　　形容詞、副詞是每年高考必考點之一，近幾年語境綜合化程度越來越高，難度加大。高考熱點有：形容詞、副詞詞義辨析;原級、比較級、最高階的使用;倍數的表達方法;比較等級的修飾語;多個形容詞的排列順序;常見形容詞、副詞的慣用法等。
　　關於形容詞與副詞這一考點，主要考查以下幾個方面：
　　1. 考查形容詞和副詞的基本用法
　　形容詞在句中一般作定語、表語、補語，而副詞在句中主要作狀語。
　　2. 考查形容詞作定語的後置規律
　　形容詞作定語一般位於所修飾的名詞前，但下列三種情況形容詞要後置：①形容詞短語作定語時;②表語形容詞作定語時;③修飾複合不定代詞時。
　　3. 考查多個形容詞作定語的排序
　　多個形容詞修飾名詞時，其排序規律是：***限定詞+程度副詞+*** 描繪+大小***長短、高低***+形狀+年齡***新舊***+顏色+國籍或產地+物質材料+類別或用途+名詞。
　　4. 考查副詞在句中的位置規律
　　副詞修飾形容詞或其它副詞時，一般位於被修飾詞的前面，但enough卻要放在被修飾的形容詞或副詞的後面。
　　5. 考查–ed形容詞和-ing形容詞的區別
　　-ed形容詞，通常說明人，意為“***某人***感到……”;-ing形容詞通常說明事物，意為“***某事物***令人……”或“令人……的***事物***”。
　　6. 考查兩種不同形式的副詞的用法差異
　　即考查與形容詞同形的副詞與形容詞後加ly構成的副詞的區別。
　　7. 考查形容詞和副詞的比較等級。
　　8. 考查比較等級的修飾語。
　　考點1： 在具體的語境中辨析形容詞與副詞的語義
　　從復現的頻率來看，此點是高考對形容詞、副詞考查的第一大熱點。解答此類題關鍵是要分析具體的語境，結合基本詞義、搭配等來選擇正確的答案。
　　經過統計，常見常考的形容詞和副詞有***按頻度排列***：even; interested; interesting; yet; hardly; just; therefore; though; too; very; common; effective; either; ever; fair; however; less; more; nearly; only; purposefully; rather; still; such; surprised; surprising
　　還有以下形容詞和副詞應當熟悉和掌握：a good many; a number of; acceptable; accidentally; actively; adequately; already; another; anxious; anyway; ashamed; attentively; bad; badly; besides; better; but; careful; changeable; cheap; comfortable; convenient; eagerly; easy; encouraging; enha-ncing; equal; even though; eventually; fairly; far; fewer; following; formally; friendly; gen-erously; gradually; heavily; historic; hopefully; immediately; inaccessible; individual; inevit-able; initial; instead; invisible; largely; never; next; no; normal; nowadays; obviously; ordin-ary; other; otherwise; patient; plenty of; prac-tical; promoting; proper; quickly; readily; reasonable; remote; seldom; seriously; short; so; stimulating; traditional; unavailable; unav-oidable; unfavorable; unfortunately; usual; va-rious; weak; well
　　考點2：考查形容詞、副詞的比較級、最高階及前面的修飾語 
　　【備考清單】
　　1*** 比較級、最高階的選用及應用範圍
　　比較級、最高階常用於表示兩者或多者間的比較。複習中須注意如下句型的用法：
　　①as + 原級adj. / adv. + as表示“和……一樣”及not as / so + 原級adj. / adv. + as表示“不如……”。例如：
　　***94全國*** John plays football as well as, if not better than, David.
　　The piano in the other shop will be cheaper, but not as good.
　　②as + 原級adj. + a***n*** + n. + as表示“跟……一樣”。例如：
　　***2001全國*** It’s generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.
　　***2003北京*** Our neighbour has as big a house as ours.
　　③ 比較級+ than表“比……更”及less ... than表示“不如……”。例如：
　　This year they have produced less grain than they did last year.
　　This road is wider than that one.
　　④the + 比較級，the + 比較級表示“越……，就越……”。例如：
　　***93上海*** It’s believed that the harder you work, the better result you’ll get.
　　⑤the +比較級+ of the + 名詞/ 代詞表示兩者中“較……的”。例如：
　　Who is the younger of the two boys?
　　⑥比較級+ 比較級***越來越……***。___ 例如：
　　Our country is getting stronger and stronger.
　　Things became worse and worse from then on.
　　⑦用the last表示“最不可能的”、“最不適合的”、“最不希望的”等。例如:
　　The last thing I want to do is to offend you.我最不願意做的就是惹你生氣。
　　He is the last man I want to see.他是我最不希望見的人。
　　2*** 形容詞、副詞原級、比較級、最高階前的程度狀語
　　① 注意一些形容詞或副詞前的特定修飾語。例如：
　　***2004廣東*** Sometimes it was a bit boring to work there because there wasn’t always that much to do. ***那樣多***
　　I quite like it. They are quite different / wrong.
　　quite possible / impossible
　　My hometown is much changed.
　　much to my surprise***很讓我吃驚***
　　be well worth doing ***很值得做***
　　② 比較級前常可用still, even, much, far, a lot / little / few / bit, rather, any, a great deal, so far, by far, no等詞修飾。***注意more不用於修飾比較級***。例如：
　　***94全國*** If there were no examinations, we should have a much happier time.
　　***2000上海*** You’re standing too near the cinema. Can you move a bit farther?
　　This is by far the better.
　　③ 最高階可用序數詞、much、by far、nearly、almost等詞修飾。例如：
　　Africa is the second largest continent.
　　The Pacific is by far the largest ocean.
　　I like this film the very best / much the best.
　　考點3：形容詞作表語，形容詞、副詞作後置定語