非謂語動詞等語法專案的測試特點和應對策略
一、 非謂語動詞
近幾年的語法測試中非謂語動詞約佔31.1%，平均每年近5道題，可謂是語法專案考查的重點，那麼非謂語動詞的考查都有哪些特點，解答時又應注意些什麼呢？下面我和大家就一起來分析一下：
1、非謂語動詞考查特點
1*** 謂語動詞與非謂語動詞的判斷
對謂語動詞與非謂語動詞區別的考查主要集中在獨立主格結構，如：
all things ___ because of the snowstorm, many passengers could do nothing buttake the train.***1999.1***
a. had been canceled b. have been canceled
四個選項中有三個是謂語動詞，只有d是非謂語動詞，只要同學們能判斷出這裡是非謂語動詞做狀語，則不用考慮時態的問題，答案自明。
2*** 謂語動詞後不定式與動名詞的選擇
謂語動詞後接不定式還是接動名詞也是四級語法測試中的一個題眼。如：
① i don’t mind ____ the decision as long as it is not too late.
***2000.1***
a. you to delay making b. your delaying making
c. your delaying to make d. you delay to make
got in.***1996.1***
a. to close b. closing
c. to have closed d. having closed
③ your hair wants ______ . you’d better have it done tomorrow.
a. cut b. to cut c. cutting d. being cut***1997.6***
這類題涉及三個方面：
謂語動詞後應該接不定式還是動名詞？
即可接不定式又可接動名詞時，結構和意思上有何差別？
不定式與動名詞用主動形式還是用被動形式？
3*** 做定語的非謂語動詞的選擇
從近幾年的考查情況來看，對做定語的非謂語動詞的考查有兩種情況：
***1***對一般概念的考查，而不是固定結構中的非謂語動詞做定語。如：
① the project ____ by the end of 2000, will expand the city’s
telephone network to cover 1,000,000 users.***1999.6***
a. accomplished b. being accomplished
c. to be accomplished d. having been accomplished
② if i correct someone, i will do it with so much good humor
and self-restraint as if i were the one ______.***1996.6***
a. to correct b. correcting
c. having been corrected d. being corrected
同學們只要掌握非謂語動詞做定語的一般的規律,就可以判斷①題答案為c，②題答案為d。
***2***對固定結構的考查，如：
① the professor could hardly find sufficient grounds _____ his
arguments in favor of the new theory.***2000.6***
a. to be based on b. to base on
c. which to base on d. on which to base
② the pressure _____ causes americans to be energetic, but it
also puts them under a constant emotional strain.
a. to compete b. competing
c. to be competed d. having competed
①題為不定式做定語的固定形式，答案為d，②題為某些特定名詞的定語結構，答案為a。在英語中有些名詞，如動詞變來的名詞，形容詞變來的名詞，以及means,way, time, moment, reason等要求其後用不定式做定語，不定式沒有體的變化。
4*** 做狀語的非謂語動詞的選擇
做狀語的非謂語動詞主要考查其各種形式的選擇，如：
① ______ the earth to be flat, many feared that columbus would
fall off the edge of the earth.***1996.6***
a. having believed b. believing
c. believed d. being believed
② _______ a teacher in a university, it is necessary to have at
least a master’s degree.***1995.1***
a. to become b. become c. one becomes d. on becoming
③ realizing that he hadn’t enough money and ____ to borrow from
his father, he decided to sell his watch.***1995.1***
近幾年的語法測試中非謂語動詞約佔31.1%，平均每年近5道題，可謂是語法專案考查的重點，那麼非謂語動詞的考查都有哪些特點，解答時又應注意些什麼呢？下面我和大家就一起來分析一下：
1、非謂語動詞考查特點
1*** 謂語動詞與非謂語動詞的判斷
對謂語動詞與非謂語動詞區別的考查主要集中在獨立主格結構，如：
all things ___ because of the snowstorm, many passengers could do nothing buttake the train.***1999.1***
a. had been canceled b. have been canceled
四個選項中有三個是謂語動詞，只有d是非謂語動詞，只要同學們能判斷出這裡是非謂語動詞做狀語，則不用考慮時態的問題，答案自明。
2*** 謂語動詞後不定式與動名詞的選擇
謂語動詞後接不定式還是接動名詞也是四級語法測試中的一個題眼。如：
① i don’t mind ____ the decision as long as it is not too late.
***2000.1***
a. you to delay making b. your delaying making
c. your delaying to make d. you delay to make
got in.***1996.1***
a. to close b. closing
c. to have closed d. having closed
③ your hair wants ______ . you’d better have it done tomorrow.
a. cut b. to cut c. cutting d. being cut***1997.6***
這類題涉及三個方面：
謂語動詞後應該接不定式還是動名詞？
即可接不定式又可接動名詞時，結構和意思上有何差別？
不定式與動名詞用主動形式還是用被動形式？
3*** 做定語的非謂語動詞的選擇
從近幾年的考查情況來看，對做定語的非謂語動詞的考查有兩種情況：
***1***對一般概念的考查，而不是固定結構中的非謂語動詞做定語。如：
① the project ____ by the end of 2000, will expand the city’s
telephone network to cover 1,000,000 users.***1999.6***
a. accomplished b. being accomplished
c. to be accomplished d. having been accomplished
② if i correct someone, i will do it with so much good humor
and self-restraint as if i were the one ______.***1996.6***
a. to correct b. correcting
c. having been corrected d. being corrected
同學們只要掌握非謂語動詞做定語的一般的規律,就可以判斷①題答案為c，②題答案為d。
***2***對固定結構的考查，如：
① the professor could hardly find sufficient grounds _____ his
arguments in favor of the new theory.***2000.6***
a. to be based on b. to base on
c. which to base on d. on which to base
② the pressure _____ causes americans to be energetic, but it
also puts them under a constant emotional strain.
a. to compete b. competing
c. to be competed d. having competed
①題為不定式做定語的固定形式，答案為d，②題為某些特定名詞的定語結構，答案為a。在英語中有些名詞，如動詞變來的名詞，形容詞變來的名詞，以及means,way, time, moment, reason等要求其後用不定式做定語，不定式沒有體的變化。
4*** 做狀語的非謂語動詞的選擇
做狀語的非謂語動詞主要考查其各種形式的選擇，如：
① ______ the earth to be flat, many feared that columbus would
fall off the edge of the earth.***1996.6***
a. having believed b. believing
c. believed d. being believed
② _______ a teacher in a university, it is necessary to have at
least a master’s degree.***1995.1***
a. to become b. become c. one becomes d. on becoming
③ realizing that he hadn’t enough money and ____ to borrow from
his father, he decided to sell his watch.***1995.1***