高中英語短文改錯答題技巧詳解
不聽的題的答題的技巧都是不一樣的,下面的小編將為大家帶來關於短文改錯的答題技巧的介紹,希望能夠幫助到大家。
高中英語短文改錯答題技巧
一. 動詞形
主要包括兩類錯誤:動詞的時態和語態錯誤,以及主、謂不一致的錯誤。例如:
My favourite sport is football. I was member of our school football team. ***is***
Now my picture and prize is hanging in the library. ***are***
上述兩例分別屬於時態錯誤和主、謂不一致錯誤。找出此類錯誤的關鍵是樹立牢固的時態概念,注意短文內容發生或存在的時間,保持時間概念的一致性。
二. 名詞數
指名詞單、複數形式的用法錯誤。常表現為將名詞複數寫成單數。例如:
so that Ill get good marks in all my subject. ***subjects***
三. 區分形和副
及區分形容詞和副詞在句子中的作用和具體用法。這也是高考短文改錯的常考點。例如:
Im sure well have a wonderfully time together. ***wonderful***
Unfortunate, there are too many people in my family. ***Unfortunately***
需要注意的是,形容詞多用來做定、表、補語等,而副詞只能在句子中作狀語,修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或整個句子。第一例中的wonderful作定語修飾time,第二句的Unfortunately作狀語修飾整個句子。
四. 非謂動詞細辨別
這是考查最多的錯誤形式之一。主要有分詞和動名詞類錯誤,也包括不定式類錯誤。例如:
in my spare time, but now I am interesting in football. ***interested***
Play football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also***playing***
My parents love me and will do all they can ∧ make sure ***to***
上述二、三例分別是動名詞作主語,和不定式作目的狀語。一般的,現在分詞有主動態和進行時的含義,而過去分詞具有被動態和完成時的含義,不定式有將來時態的含義。
五. 習慣用法要記住
主要考查習慣搭配方面的基礎知識。這也是歷年高考的常考點,其錯誤表現形式主要有三種:多詞、少詞和搭配錯誤。例如:
It was very kind for them to meet me at the railway station and ***of***
We must keep in mind that we play for the team instead ∧ ourselves. ***of***
六. 句子成分多分析
不同的句子成分要用不同的詞類;不同的語景要選擇不同的詞語。這些都有待我們對句子結構和句子成分作細緻的分析,才能找出用詞不當的錯誤。例如:
They ∧eager to know everything about China and ***were***
I live in Beijing, where is the capital of China. ***which***
第一例漏掉了謂語動詞were,這是受寒於習慣的影響而導致的錯誤;第二例則是詞類與它在句子中的成分不相符,where是副詞,不能作主語。
七. 邏輯錯誤須關注
與句子的上、下文不一致,甚至相矛盾,屬於邏輯性錯誤。如稱謂上的張冠李戴,人名、地名、時間、方位等方面的錯誤,常是這類錯誤的考查物件。例如:
The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home. ***their***
First, let me tell you something more about myself. ***去掉more***
no way of setting the matter except by selling the set.Now someone at home reads instead. ***everyone***
上述第一例中的主語是Smiths***史密斯夫婦倆***,因此後面的his不合邏輯。第二例中的more在這兒表再的意思,才開始告訴別人,怎麼能說再告訴你一些事?第三例講的是為了解決看電視時的爭端,我們把電視機賣了;晚上沒電視,所以與從前一樣,大家又都讀書了,所以該用everyone。
除了上述錯誤型別外,常考的錯誤形式還有:連詞but, and, or和so的用法錯誤***可以歸類為邏輯錯誤***,以及冠詞的用法錯誤等。例如:
She was smiling but nodding at me. ***and***
It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest. ***or***
We may be one family and live under a same roof. ***the***
下面是2002年全國高考試題中的短文改錯題。這道題較全面地反映了本文的口訣。現在請你試著做一做,然後參閱題後的答案與簡析。
Last week my parents and I took a two-day trip to Emei
Mountain in Sichuan. As everyone knows,its famous 76. _____
Mountain with all kinds of plants and animals. The weather 77. _____
Was fine. It was about noon we arrived at the foot of 78. _____
the mountain,the three of them were very excited. As we 79. _____
climbed the mountain,we ed monkeys,visiting temples 80. _____
and told stories. On the way up I was busy taking picture 81._____
since the scenery was so beautiful. The time passes quickly. 82. _____
Evening came down. We spent the night in a hotel at the top 83. _____
of the mountain. The food was expensive and the service was 84. _____
good. I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my 85. _____
head touched the pillow.
答案與簡析:
76. famous前加上a.***名詞數***
77. 正確
78. we前面加when,引導一個時間狀語從句。***句子成分多分析***
79. themus ***邏輯錯誤須關注***
80. visitingvisited***非謂動詞細辨別***
81. picturepictures***名詞數***
82. passespassed***動詞形***
83. 去掉down***習慣用法要記住***
84. andbut***but,and,or和so***
85. 去掉at***句子成分多分析 / 習慣用法要記住***
高中英語形容詞的語法介紹
形容詞和副詞
1.“as+形容詞+***a/an***+名詞+as”表示同級比較,注意中間的形容詞和名詞並列時各自所在的位置。
It is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.
人們普遍認為,教學是一門科學,同時也是一門藝術。
2.“as+形容詞/副詞的原級+as”與“not as/so+形容詞/副詞的原級+as”表示同級比較,即兩個或兩部分人或物在性質上或程度上相同***不同***。
The work is not as/so difficult as you imagine.
這項工作不是像你想像的那麼難。
3.“the+比較級+of the two +名詞”表示“兩者中較……的那個”。
The taller of the two boys is my brother.
兩個男孩中較高的那位是我哥哥。
4.a+形容詞比較級+n.……
After two years’ research,we have a far better understanding of the disease.
研究兩年之後,現在我們對這種病有更好的理解。
We went to the USA in search of a better life.
為了尋找更美好的生活我們去了美國。
5.比較級的修飾語常見的有:rather,much,still,even,far,any***用於否定句或疑問句***,a lot,a little,a great deal,by far,a bit 等。
The students study even harder than before.
學生們學習比以前更努力了。
A car runs a great deal faster than a bike.
汽車比自行車跑得快得多。
6.最高階
***1***最高階的修飾語常見的有:序數詞,by far,nearly,almost,by no means,not really,not quite,nothing like。
The bridge being built now is by far the longest across the Yellow River.
目前正在建的那座橋是橫跨黃河之上的橋當中最長的橋。
I’d like to buy the second most expensive camera.
我想買僅次於最貴的照相機。
***2***否定詞+比較級=最高階。
There is no greater love than that of a man who lays down his life for his friends.
為朋友而放棄生命的人的愛是最偉大的愛。
—Are you satisfied with what he said at the meeting?
——你對他在會議上說的滿意嗎?
—No.It couldn’t have been worse.
——不,不能再差了。
7.表示倍數的句型:
***1***A is+倍數+比較級+than+B
***2***A is+倍數+as+原級+as+B
***3***A is+倍數+the+名詞***size,length,height 等***+of+B
***4***A is+倍數+that+of+B
***5***A is+倍數+what 引導的名詞性從句
①This building is three times higher than that one.
This building is three times as high as that one.
This building is three times the height of that one.
這個建築物是那個建築物的3倍高。
②The output of this year is 3 times that of 2008.
=The output of this year is 3 times what it was in 2008.
今年的產量是2008年的三倍。
③After the new technique was introduced,the factory produced twice as many cars in 2008 as the year before.
自從新技術被引進以後,這家工廠2008年生產的小汽車是上一年的兩倍。
8、形容詞修飾名詞,說明事物或人的性質或特徵。
1***性質形容詞有級的變化,可以用程度副詞修飾,在句中可作定語、表語和補語。例如:hot
2***敘述形容詞只能作表語,所以又稱為表語形容詞。這類形容詞沒有級的變化,也不可用程度副詞修飾。大多數以a開頭的形容詞都屬於這一類。例如:afraid,
afraid,alike,alive,alone,asleep,awake, well,unwell,ill,faint等。
3***形容詞作定語修飾名詞時,要放在名詞的前邊。但是如果形容詞修飾以-thing為字尾的詞語時,要放在這些詞之後,例如:something nice
9、以-ly結尾的形容詞
1*** 大部分形容詞加-ly可構成副詞。但 friendly,deadly,lovely,lonely,likely,lively,ugly,brotherly,仍為形容詞。
2***有些以-ly 結尾既為形容詞,也為副詞。
daily,weekly,monthly,yearly,early
The Times is a daily paper.
The Times is published daily.
10、用形容詞表示類別和整體
1*** 某些形容詞加上定冠詞可以泛指一類人,與謂語動詞的複數連線。如:the dead,the living,the rich,the poor,the blind,the hungry等。
The poor are losing hope.
2*** 有關國家和民族的形容詞加上定冠詞指這個民族的整體,與動詞的複數連用。
the British,the English,the French,the Chinese.
The English have wonderful sense of humor.
多個形容詞修飾名詞的順序
11、多個形容詞修飾名詞時,其順序為:
限定詞+數量詞***序前基後***+性狀形容詞+大小、長短、高低等形體+新舊+顏色+國籍+材料
those + three + beautiful + large + square+ old + brown + wood + table s
2誤區提醒
1.形近、意近詞的混用 2. 形容詞的句法功能用錯 3.複合形容詞的構成不熟悉4.多個形容詞作定語時排序不清 5.形容詞的比較等級用錯
【典型例題】:
1*** One day they crossed the ____bridge behind the palace.
A. old Chinese stone B. Chinese old stone
C. old stone Chinese D. Chinese stone old
解析:錯選B。 幾個形容詞修飾一個名詞,他們的排列順序是:年齡,形狀,大小+顏色+來源+質地+用途+國家+名詞。正確答案A.
2***It’s a relief for us to know that something _____ is being done to rebuild the schools destroyed in the quake.
A. competitive B. passive C. sensitive D. positive
解析:因形近形容詞分辨不清而錯選其他。根據題意,本句話表達“我們瞭解到,為了重建在地震中被破壞的學校,正在採取一些積極的措施”。空處應填“積極的”,正確答案為D。
3***--- Our women athletes achieved great success in the Vancouver Olympic Winter Games.
--- Yes. No one could have a_____ performance,I think.
A.well B. better C. best D. the best
解析:因形容詞比較等級用法沒掌握好而錯選C. 此處應用比較級表最高階意思。正確答案為B。