什麼是英語的後置定語的講解
後置定語是英語和漢語中不可或缺的重要語法內容之一,而英語後置定語在構成上比漢語後置定語要更加多樣化，下面是小編整理的什麼是英語的後置定語，歡迎閱讀。
什麼是英語的後置定語
定語的位置一般有兩種：用在所修飾詞之前的叫前置定語，用在所修飾詞之後的叫後置定語。例：This is a very interesting book. 這是一本很有趣的書。一般情況下，修飾名詞或代詞的詞多放在被修飾詞之前，但在以下幾種情況下，修飾名詞或代詞的定語卻放在它們之後，這種定語我們稱之為後置定語。
英語後置定語的講解
一、形容詞作疑問詞的後置定語
修飾疑問詞what, which, who, whose, whom, when, where, why, how時，修飾語要後置。例如：
1***What important would you like to talk about?你將談論什麼重量的事情?
2***Who else will go with us?還有誰將和我們一起去?
3***Where new have they decided to visit?他們決定到哪些沒有去過的地方參觀?
二、形容詞作複合不定代詞的後置定語
當被修飾詞為複合不定代詞something, anything, nothing, everything; somebody, anybody, nobody, everybody; someone, anyone, everyone, no one時，修飾語常位於被修飾的不定代詞之後。例如：
1***I have something important to tell you.我有些重要的事情要告訴你。
2***Do you have anything else to say about it?關於這件事，你還有什麼要說的嗎?
3***Someone important will give the students a lecture on the current international situation this afternoon.今天下午，一位重要的人物將給學生們做一場有關當前國際形勢的報告。
三、enough作後置定語
enough***a.***修飾名詞時既可以在名詞前，也可以在名詞後。例如：
1***We have not enough time***or time enough***to do the job.我們沒有足夠的時間做該工作。
2***They have enough people***or people enough***to do the experiment.他們有足夠多的人手做這個實驗。
但enoush***odv.***修飾形容詞或副詞時，須位於被修飾的形容詞或副詞之後。例如：good enough ***足夠好的***，large enough***夠大的***，fast enough***夠快***，well enough***相當好***。
四、部分副詞作後置定語
above***上方的***，below***下面的***，on***活動，進行，上演***，out***外出***，back***後面的***，away***離開的***等修飾名詞時位於被修飾詞之後。例如：
1***The clouds above began to get thicker，上方的雲開始密集起來。
2***From the hill top we could see the plain below.從山頂上我們可以看到下面的平原。
3***She went to see them on the evening out.凡她晚上外出總去看他們。
五、介詞短語作後置定語
the bird in the tree樹上的那隻小鳥
the map on the wall牆上的地圖
the development of China中國的發展
the standard of living生活水平
the south side of the Changjiang river長江兩岸
the way to the hotel去旅館的路
the life in the future未來的生活
六、動詞不定式作後置定語
1.在某些名型結構中可用動詞不定式作後置定語。例如：
1***I have tons of letters to answer.我有很多信要回。
2***She needed someone to take care of her baby.她需要人照看她的嬰兒。
3***They were the first to bear hardships, the last to enjoy comforts.他們吃苦在前，享受在後。
4***He is a nice man to work with.他是個好相處的人。
5***There are a lot of things for us to be done.有許多事情要做。
6***There will be a very important person to come to our school this weekend.本週末有個重要人物來我們學校。
2.在某些名詞後可用動詞不定式作定語。例如：ability, anxiety, attempt, decision, chance, courage, right, determination, promise, ambition, drive, effort, eagerness, failure, inclination, intention, movement, need, opportunity, plan, reason, struggle, time, way, wish等等。例句：
1***Has he the ability to do the work?他有能力幹這項工作嗎?
2***I don't have the courage to tell you the secret.我沒有勇氣告訴你那個祕密。
3***You have no right to do such a thing!你沒有做這樣的事的權利!
4***I'll show you my determination to stop smoking.我將向你們表明我戒菸的決心。
3.動詞不定式有時可以代替一個定語從句和後置定語。例如：
***1***Perhaps in the years to come***=that will come***we will meet again.也許在未來的歲月中我們還會再見面。
***2***In the lectures to follow***=that will follow***, she talked of her trip to America.在後來的講座中，她談到了她的美國之行。
***3***She made a list of things to be taken***= which/that will be taken***on the way.她開了一張要帶在路上用的物品清單。
另外，動詞不定式還可以和關係代詞which連用作定語：
1***She must have time in which to pack.她必須有時間收拾行李。
2***He also had a revolver with which to defend himself.他還有一把防身用的左輪手槍。
3***He only had long night in which to study.他只有漫漫長夜可以用來學習。
七、分詞短語作後置定語
1.現在分詞短語作後置定語。例如：
1***There is a lady asking to see you.有位女士要求見你。
2***The girl sitting by my side is my cousin.坐在我旁邊的是我表妹。
3***Here is a map showing you how to get to the railway station.這兒有一張地圖，告訴你怎樣去火車站。
2.過去分詞短語作後置定語。例如：
1***What did you think of the play put on by the students?你認為學生們上演的話劇怎麼樣?
2***She is a nurse trained by ourselves.她是我們自己培養的護士。
3***What is the language spoken in svain?西班牙使用的是什麼語言?
3.部分過去分詞也可以作後置定語。例如：
left, gained, used, offered, discussed, ordered, wounded, injured, concerned, conducted, done, held, arranged, planned, suggested, finished, completed, arrested, given, fallen, constructed, missed，等等。例如：
1***Is there anybody injured?有人負傷嗎?
2***The money left is not enough for so many people to live through.剩餘的錢不夠這麼多人用的。
3***She liked all the courses offered.她對所開的課程都很喜歡。
4***The experience gained will be of great value to us.取得的經驗將我們很有價值。
八、定語從句作後置定語
1***The girl I saw told me to come back today.
2***This house, for which he paid $ 150,000,is now worth $3000,000.這所房子他買時花了15萬美元，現在值30萬美元。
3***Sunday is a holiday, when people do not go to work.星期天是假日，這一天人們不上班。 學習、理解和掌握英語後置定語，並能夠清楚地區分和使用各種後置定語的用法是十分重要的，對學習英語，理解英語文章