職稱英語新增的英語文章
職稱英語考試是一項測試專業技術人員外語水平的國家級外語考試,它的重點是考查應試者的閱讀理解能力。下面是小編帶來的，歡迎閱讀!
篇一
Lightening Strikes
Three years ago a bolt of lightning all but destroyed Lyn Miller’s house in Aberdeen—with her two children inside. “There was a huge rainstorm,” she says, recalling the terrifying experience. “My brother and I were outside desperately working to stop floodwater from coming in the house. Suddenly I was thrown to the ground by an enormous bang. ____1____ The door was blocked by rubble, but we forced our way in and found the children, thankfully unharmed. Later I was told to be struck by lightning is a chance in a million.” In fact, it’s calculated at one chance in 600,000. Even so, Dr Mark Keys of AER Technology, an organisation that monitors the effects of lightning, thinks you should be sensible. “I wouldn’t go out in a storm—but then I’m quite a careful person.” He advises anyone who is unlucky enough to be caught in a storm to get down on the ground and curl up into a ball, making yourself as small as possible.
Lightning is one of nature’s most awesome displays of sheer power. ____2____ 250 years ago, Benjamin Franklin, the American scientist and statesman，proved that lightning is a form of electricity, but scientists still lack a complete understanding of how it works.
____3____ Positive electrical charges streaming upwards from trees or church spires may glow and make a buzzing noise, and people’s hair can stand on end. And if you fear lightning, you’ll be glad to know that a company in America has manufactured a hand-held lightning detector which can detect it up to 70 kms away, sound a warning tone and monitor the storm’s approach.
Nancy Wilder was playing golf at a club in Surrey when she was hit by a bolt of lightning. Mrs Wilder’s heart stopped beating, but she was resuscitated and, after a few days in hospital, where she was treated for bums to her head, hands and feet, she was pronounced fit again. Since that time，she has been a strictly fair weather golfer1. ____4____ The best place to be is inside a car!
The largest number of people to be struck by lightning at one time was in September 1995 when 17 players on a football pitch were hit simultaneously. The most extraordinary aspect of the strike was the fact that 11 of the victims—seven adults and four children—had burn patterns of tiny holes at 3 centimetre intervals on each toe and around the soles of their feet.
Harold Deal, a retired electrician from South Carolina, USA, was struck by lightning 26 years ago. He was apparently unhurt, but it later emerged that the strike had damaged the part of the brain which controls the sensation of temperature. ____5____
Animals are victims of lightning too2.Hundreds of cows and sheep are killed every year, largely because they go under trees. In East Anglia in 1918, 504 sheep were killed instantaneously by the same bolt of lightning that hit the ground and travelled through the entire flock. Lightning is also responsible for starting more than 10,000 forest fires each year world-wide.
練習：
A No wonder the ancient Greeks thought it was Zeus, father of the gods, throwing thunderbolts around in anger.
B In fact, a golf course is one of the most dangerous places to be during a thunderstorm.
C Lightning has long been hailed as one of the most impressive displays of nature’s power.
D When I picked myself up, the roof and the entire upper storey of the house had been demolished.
E Occasionally there are warning signs.
F Since then the freezing South Carolina winters haven’t bothered Harold, since he is completely unable to feel the cold.
答案與題解：
1.D 前文講到“我”被爆炸擊中，因此後文要講被擊昏然後醒來之後的事，D項符合。
2.A 前文講閃電是大自然絕對力量最可怕的展現方式之一，而宙斯在古希臘是力量的化身，古希臘人認為雷電產生的原因是宙斯發怒並投擲閃電。
3.E 後文講到閃電來臨之前的一些徵兆，還講到有一種產品可以預告閃電。此處要填的是該段的主題句，即閃電到來之前會有一些徵兆。
4.B 前面講到在高爾夫球場上被雷擊的一個事例，後文講閃電來臨之時最安全的地方是汽車裡，因此要填的句子應該是講在高爾夫球場不安全。
5.F 前文講Harold因為雷擊喪失了感受溫度的能力，F選項中關於他再也不怕冬天的寒冷的描述符合要求。
篇二
Affectionate Androids
Computers are now powerful enough to allow the age of humanoid robots to dawn1. And it won’t be long before we will see realistic cyber companions, complete with skin, dexterity, and intelligence.They will be programmed to tend to your every need.
Will we ever want to marry robots? Artificial intelligence researcher David Levy has published a book claiming human-robot relationships will become popular in the next few decades. ____1____
Will humans really be able to form deep emotional attachments to machines? It will, in fact, be relatively easy to form these strong attachments because the human mind loves to anthropomorphize: to give human attributes to other creatures—even objects.
For example, researchers in San Diego recently put a small humanoid robot in with a toddler playgroup for several months. ____2____The children ended up treating it as a fellow toddler. When it lay down because its batteries were flat，the kids even covered it with a blanket.
In a few decades, when humanoid robots with plastic skin look and feel very real, will people want to form relationships with them? What if the bots could hold a conversation? And be programmed to bethe perfect companions—soul mates, even? ____3____ And like those toddlers inthe experiment, they will be very accepting of them.
The next question, then, is whether there is anything wrong with having an emotional relationship with a machine. Even today there are people who form deep attachments to their pets and use them as substitutes for friends or even children. Few consider that unethical.
____4____ For those who always seem to end upmarrying the wrong man or woman, a robotic Mr. or Ms. Right could be mighty tempting. As the father of artificial intelligence, Marvin Minsky, put it when asked about the ethics of lonely older people forming close relationships with robots: “If a robot had all the virtues of a person and was smarter and more understanding, why would the elderly bother talking to other grumpy old people?”
A robot could be programmed to be as dumb or smart, as independent or subservient, as an owner desired. And that’s the big disadvantage. Having the perfect robot partner will damage the ability to form equally deep human-human relationships. People will always seem imperfect incomparison. When you’re behaving badly, a good friend will tell you. ____5____
People in relationships have to learn to adapt toeach other: to enjoy their common interests and to deal with their differences.It makes us richer, stronger, and wiser. A robot companion will be perfect at the start. However, there will be nothing to move the relationship to grow to greater heights.
練習：
A.It’s easier to have a robot companion instead of a human friend.
B.But a sophisticated robot will probably be even more attractive.
C.And if you want to go ahead and tie the knot with your special electronic friend，Levy saidthat such marriages will be socially acceptable by around 2050.
D.However, few owners will program their robots to point out their flaws.
E.Maybe your generation could resist, but eventually there will be a generation of people who grow up with humanoid robots as a normal part of life.
F.The bot knew each child because it was programmed with face and voice recognition，and it giggled when tickled.
答案與題解：
1.C 前文講到David在書中認為人與機器人的關係在幾十年後將變得普遍，因此接下來應該繼續講這種普遍性是怎樣的。
2.F 前文講在聖地亞哥的一個實驗，研?a href='//' target='_blank'>咳嗽苯??魅朔旁?a href='//' target='_blank'>兒童遊樂園裡，要填的句子應該是介紹這個機器人。
3.E 前文提了幾個問題，是關於我們對人與機器人關係的看法，而後文講“他們”會樂於接受，因此要填的句子應該是兩類人的對比。E項講我們這一代人可能會反對，但下一代人就不一定了，符合意思。
4.B 前文講有人和寵物發展深厚關係，後面講的是與機器人發展深厚關係的吸引人之處，因此這裡應該講機器人做伴侶的好處。
5.D 前文講好朋友會在你犯錯的時候指出來，這裡應該是表示對比——機器人不會這麼做。
篇三
Does everyone dream?
Yes. Research shows that we all dream. We have our most vivid dreams during a type of sleep called Rapid Eye Movement ***REM*** sleep. During REM sleep, the brain is very active. The eyes move quickly back and forth1 under the lids, and the large muscles of the body are relaxed. REM sleep occurs every 90-100 minutes, three to four times a night, and it lasts longer as the night goes on. 1 We dream at other times during the night, too, but those dreams are less vivid.
Do people remember their dreams?
A few people remember their dreams. However, most people forget nearly everything that happened during the night 一 dreams, thoughts, and the short periods of time when they were awake.
2 It seems that the memory of the dream is not totally lost，but for some reason it is very hard to bring it back2. If you want to remember your dream, the best thing to do is to write it down as soon as you wake up.
Are dreams in color?
Most dreams are in color. However，people may not be aware of it for two reasons ： They don’t usually remember the details of their dreams, or they don’t notice the color because it is such a natural part of our lives. 3
Do dreams have meaning?
Scientists continue to debate this issue.3 4 Some people use dreams to help them learn more about their feelings, thoughts, behavior, motives, and values. Others find that dreams can help them solve problems. It’s also true that artists, writers, and scientists often get creative ideas from dreams.
How can I learn to understand my dreams?
The most important thing to remember is that your dreams are personal. The people, actions, and situations in your dreams reflect your experience, your thoughts, and your feelings. Some dream experts believe that there are certain types of dreams that many people have, even if they come from different cultures or time periods. Usually, however, the same dream will have different meanings for different people. For example，an elephant in a dream may mean one thing to a zookeeper and something very different to a child whose favorite toy is a stuffed elephant. 5 Then look for links between your dreams and what is happening in your daily life. If you think hard and you are patient, perhaps the meaning of your dreams will become clearer to you.
練習：
A However, people who spend time thinking about their dreams believe that they are meaningful and useful.
B The final REM period may last as long as 45 minutes.
C People who are very aware of color when they are awake probably notice color more often in their dreams.
D Our most powerful dreams don’t happen during deep sleep.
E To learn to understand your dreams, think about what each part of the dream means to you or reminds you of.***環球網校2016年職稱英語綜合類教材新增文章彙總***
F Sometimes, though, people suddenly remember a dream later in the day or on another day. 答案與題解：
1. B文中第一部分主要介紹快速眼動睡眠期，而且前一句正好提到每晚快速眼動睡眠期的 間隔時間、出現頻率及其持續時間的情況。
2. F題目所在的前一句提到大多數人會忘記晚上所發生的幾乎所有事情，而後一句中又提 到人們對夢的記憶好像沒有完全丟失，由此可以推斷出中間這一句應該說的是人有時會記 起自己的夢。
3. C文中第三部分提到夢是彩色的，前面主要講的是人們可能意識不到這個問題以及意識 不到的原因，由此可以推斷後面應該會提到那些可以意識到這個問題的人。因此，答案為 C。
4. A文中第四部分講的是夢的意義，縱觀六個選項與部分主題相關的只有選項A,而且後 面主要提到人們會利用夢做些什麼，這也就意味著人們會思考他們的夢而且相信夢是有意 義的。
5. E由第五部分的標題就可以鎖定選項E,而且後一句講的是要尋找夢與現實的聯絡，正 好與選項E的意思相吻合。
註釋：
1. back and forth：來回地，反覆地。
2. bring it back：回憶起它來。bring back:使回憶起來，帶回來、拿回來，使恢復。
3. Scientists continue to debate this issue.科學家們不斷地討論這個問題。“debate”作動詞“爭 論,辯論,討論”講,既可以是不及物動詞也可以是及物動詞,作不及物動詞時常與“about/ on/upon” 搭配。
練習：
A However, people who spend time thinking about their dreams believe that they are meaningful and useful.
B The final REM period may last as long as 45 minutes.
C People who are very aware of color when they are awake probably notice color more often in their dreams.
D Our most powerful dreams don’t happen during deep sleep.
E To learn to understand your dreams, think about what each part of the dream means to you or reminds you of.
F Sometimes, though, people suddenly remember a dream later in the day or on another day. 答案與題解：
1. B文中第一部分主要介紹快速眼動睡眠期，而且前一句正好提到每晚快速眼動睡眠期的 間隔時間、出現頻率及其持續時間的情況。
2. F題目所在的前一句提到大多數人會忘記晚上所發生的幾乎所有事情，而後一句中又提 到人們對夢的記憶好像沒有完全丟失，由此可以推斷出中間這一句應該說的是人有時會記 起自己的夢。
3. C文中第三部分提到夢是彩色的，前面主要講的是人們可能意識不到這個問題以及意識 不到的原因，由此可以推斷後面應該會提到那些可以意識到這個問題的人。因此，答案為 C。
4. A文中第四部分講的是夢的意義，縱觀六個選項與部分主題相關的只有選項A,而且後 面主要提到人們會利用夢做些什麼，這也就意味著人們會思考他們的夢而且相信夢是有意 義的。
5. E由第五部分的標題就可以鎖定選項E,而且後一句講的是要尋找夢與現實的聯絡，正 好與選項E的意思相吻合。