關於職稱英語新增文章

　　版全國職稱英語等級考試正是遵循這一規律 ,合理安排測試層面和難度結構 ,合理確定考試內容與職稱關係 ,充分體現題型設定與考試內容自身特點 ,走具有中國特色的職稱英語考試之路。下面是小編帶來的，歡迎閱讀!

　　篇一

　　An Essential Scientific Process

　　All life on the earth depends upon green plants. Using sunlight, the plants produce their own food. Then animals feed upon the plants. They take in the nutrients the plants have made and stored. But that’s not all. Sunlight also helps a plant produce oxygen. Some of the oxygen is used by the plant, but a plant usually produces more oxygen than it uses. The excess oxygen is necessary for animals and other organisms to live.

　　The process of changing light into food and oxygen is called photosynthesis. Besides light energy from the sun, plants also use water and carbon dioxide. The water gets to the plant through its roots. The carbon dioxide enters the leaves through tiny openings called stomata. The carbon dioxide travels to chloroplasts, special cells in the bodies of green plants. This is where photosynthesis takes place. Chloroplasts contain the chlorophylls that give plants their green color. The chlorophylls are the molecules that trap light energy. The trapped light energy changes water and carbon dioxide to produce oxygen and a simple sugar called glucose.

　　Carbon dioxide and oxygen move into and out of the stomata. Water vapor also moves out of the stomata. More than 90 percent of water a plant takes in through its roots escapes through the stomata. During the daytime, the stomata of most plants are open. This allows carbon dioxide to enter the leaves for photosynthesis. As night falls, carbon dioxide is not needed. The stomata of most plants close. Water loss stops.

　　If photosynthesis ceased, there would be little food or other organic matter on the earth. Most organisms would disappear. The earth’s atmosphere would no longer contain oxygen. Photosynthesis is essential for life on our planet.

　　練習：

　　1.In the first paragraph，the word “excess” means

　　A　heavy.

　　B　extra.

　　C　green.

　　D　liquid.

　　2.Which of the following does not move through a plant’s stomata?

　　A　Carbon dioxide.

　　B　Water vapor.

　　C　Oxygen.

　　D　Food.

　　3.In the title, the term Essential Scientific Process refers to

　　A　photosynthesis.

　　B　the formation of glucose.

　　C　global warming.

　　D　water getting to the roots of plants.

　　4.This passage is primarily developed by

　　A　explaining a process.

　　B　telling a story.

　　C　comparing and contrasting.

　　D　convincing the reader of plants’ importance.

　　5.Another good title for this passage would be

　　A　Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide.

　　B　Plants and Their Roots.

　　C　How Photosynthesis Works.

　　D　Why Our Earth Needs Water.

　　答案與題解：

　　1.B　前文講到，植物產生的氧氣一部分被植物自身消耗了，但植物消耗的氧氣量遠小於它們產生的氧氣，因此可以推測這句話的意思應該是剩餘的氧氣對於動物以及其他生物體的生存是至關重要的。excess在句中的意思是“超額的”，與extra“額外的”意思相近。

　　2.D　從第三段的第一、二句得知，二氧化碳、氧氣和水蒸氣都能從氣孔中通過，唯一一個沒有提到的是food“養分、食物”，因此該題選D項。

　　3.A　文章通篇都在講Photosynthesis，即光合作頌鈉作用和重要性，文章結尾又重申了Photosynthesis is essential for life on our planet，因此選A項。B項是光合作用的一個部分，C、D項則毫不相干。

　　4.A　文章先是介紹了進行光合作用所需的原料和組織，又介紹了光合作用的過程，因此整個邏輯應該是解釋過程，而不是講故事或比較對比。D項是“向讀者說明植物的重要性”，這確實是文章的一個目的，但不是文章的組織方式。

　　5.C　文章的主題是光合作用的基本原理，因此選項C。A、B項在文中有提及，但不是主旨，D項與本文無關。

　　篇二

　　A Record-Breaking Rover

　　NASA’s Mars rover Opportunity has boldly gone where no rover has gone before—at least in terms of distance. ____1____

　　On July 27, after years of moving about on Martian ground, the golf-cart-sized Opportunity had driven more than 24 miles, beating the previous record holder—a Soviet rover sent to the moon in 1973.

　　“This is so remarkable considering Opportunity was intended to drive about 1 kilometer and was never designed for distance,” says John Callas, the Mars Exploration Rover Project Manager.

　　____2____ “But what is really importantly is not how many miles the rover has racked up, but how much exploration and discovery we have accomplished over that distance.”

　　OPPORTUNITY

　　The solar-powered Opportunity and its twin rover, Spirit, landed on Mars 10 years ago on a mission expected to last 3 months. ____3____

　　Spirit stopped communicating with Earth in March 2010, a few months after it got stuck in a sand pit. But Opportunity has continued to collect and analyze Martian soil and rocks.

　　During its mission, Opportunity has captured, and sent back to Earth, some 187,000 panoramic and microscopic images of Mars with its cameras. ____4____

　　MARATHON ROVER

　　The rover doesn’t seem to be ready to stop just yet. If Opportunity can continue on, it will reach another major investigation site when its odometer hits 26.2 miles. ____5____

　　Researchers believe that clay minerals exposed near Marathon Valley could hold clues to Mars’s ancient environment1. Opportunity’s continuing travels will also help researchers as they plan for an eventual human mission to the Red Planet.

　　練習：

　　A　It has also provided scientists with data on the planet’s atmosphere, soil, rocks, and terrain.

　　B　He works at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California.

　　C　Scientists call this site Marathon Valley, because when the rover reaches the area, it will have traveled the same distance as the length of a marathon since its arrival on Mars.

　　D　Opportunity has been working on Mars since January 2004.

　　E　The objective of the rovers was to help scientists learn more about the planet and to search for signs of life，such as the possible presence of water.

　　F　Since arriving on the Red Planet in 2004, Opportunity has traveled 25.01 miles, more than any other wheeled vehicle has on another world.

　　答案與題解：

　　1.F　前文講“機遇號”在距離上比之前的任何漫遊車行進的距離都長，因此接下來應該討論關於行進距離的問題。

　　2.B　前文引入了一個新人物John Callas，而後文是他說的一些話，因此這裡應該填寫的內容是對這個人的進一步介紹。

　　3.E　前文講了同時被送入太空的兩臺漫遊車“機遇號”和“勇氣號”，因此下文應該對它們的情況進行介紹，而關於發射目的的介紹在這裡是合適的。

　　4.A　前文講到“機遇號”給地面傳回了許多照片，而選項A中講到它還給地面傳回了許多其他資訊，在這裡是一致的。

　　5.C　前文講漫遊車在行進到26.2英里的時候會到達一個地點，而後文提到了馬拉松谷這個地方，因此這裡應該是關於這個地點的介紹。

　　篇三

　　Real World Robots

　　When you think of a robot, do you envision a shiny, metallic device having the same general shape as a human being, performing humanlike functions, and responding to your questions in a monotone voice accentuated by high-pitched tones and beeps? This is the way many of us imagine a robot, but in the real world, a robot is not humanoid at all. Instead a robot often is a voiceless, box-shaped machine that efficiently carries out repetitive or dangerous functions usually performed by humans. Today’s robot is more than an automatic machine that performs one task again and again. A modern robot is programmed with varying degrees of artificial intelligence—that is, a robot contains a computer program that tells it how to perform tasks associated with human intelligence, such as reasoning, drawing conclusions, and learning from past experience.

　　A robot does not possess a human shape for the simple reason that a two-legged robot has great difficulty remaining balanced. A robot does, however, move from place to place on wheels and axles that roll and rotate. A robot even has limbs that swivel and move in combination with joints and motors. To find its way in its surroundings1, a robot utilizes various built-in sensors. Antennae attached to the robot’s base detect anything they bump into. If the robot starts to teeter as it moves on an incline, a gyroscope or a pendulum inside it senses the vertical differential. To determine its distance from an object and how quickly it will reach the object，the robot bounces beams of laser light and ultrasonic sound waves off obstructions in its path2. These and other sensors constantly feed information to the computer, which then analyzes the information and corrects or adjusts the robot’s actions. As science and technology advance, the robot too will progress in its functions and use of artificial-intelligence programs.

　　練習：

　　1.Another good title for this passage would be

　　A　Robots: Taking the Place of Humans.

　　B　Artificial Intelligence Programs.

　　C　Today’s Robots and How They Function.

　　D　Modern-Day Sensors.

　　2.Artificial intelligence is

　　A　the unnatural way in which robots move.

　　B　a voiceless, box-shaped machine that performs repetitive tasks.

　　C　sensors such as antennae and a gyroscope.

　　D　a computer program that imitates human intellectual processes.

　　3.The last paragraph suggests that future robots will be