歷年高考英語閱讀真題

　　做英語閱讀需要花費比較的長時間，那麼如何提高自己做閱讀的速度和質量呢?這就需要平時多做一點閱讀訓練，以提升自己的速度。下面小編給大家分享一些往年，僅供參考!

　　Passage 1***2013·課標Ⅰ，D***體裁：說明文　詞數：179

　　The National Gallery

　　Description：

　　The National Gallery is the British national art museum built on the north side of Trafalgar Square in London. It houses a diverse collection of more than 2,300 examples of European art ranging from 13th­century religious paintings to more modern ones by Renoir and Van Gogh. The older collections of the gallery are reached through the main entrance while the more modern works in the East Wing are most easily reached from Trafalgar Square by a ground floor entrance.

　　Layout：

　　The modern Sainsbury Wing on the western side of the building houses 13th­to 15th­century paintings, and artists include Duccio, Uccello, Van Eyck, Lippi, Mantegna, Botticelli and Memling.

　　The main West Wing houses 16th­century paintings, and artists include Leonardo da Vinci, Cranach, Michelangelo, Raphael, Bruegel, Bronzino, Titian and Veronese.

　　The North Wing houses 17th­century paintings, and artists include Caravaggio, Rubens, Poussin, Van Dyck, Velázquez, Claude and Vermeer.

　　The East Wing houses 18th­to early 20th­century paintings, and artists include Canaletto, Goya, Turner, Constable, Renoir and Van Gogh.

　　Opening Hours：

　　The Gallery is open every day from 10 a.m. to 6 p.m. ***Fridays 10 a.m. to 9 p.m.*** and is free, but charges apply to some special exhibitions.

　　Getting There：

　　Nearest underground stations: Charing Cross ***2­minute walk***, Leicester Square ***3­minute walk***, Embankment ***7­minute walk***, and Piccadilly Circus ***8­minute walk***.

　　1.In which century's collection can you see religious paintings?

　　A. The 13th. B. The 17th.

　　C. The 18th. D. The 20th.

　　2.Where are Leonardo da Vinci's works shown?

　　A. In the East Wing. B. In the main West Wing.

　　C. In the Sainsbury Wing. D. In the North Wing.

　　3.Which underground station is closest to the National Gallery?

　　A. Piccadilly Circus. B. Leicester Square.

　　C. Embankment. D. Charing Cross.

　　Passage 2***2013·課標Ⅱ，D***體裁：應用文　詞數：217

　　Low­Cost Gifts for Mother's Day

　　Gift No. 1

　　Offer to be your mother's health friend. Promise to be there for any and all doctor's visits whether a disease or a regular medical check­up. Most mothers always say “no need”， but another set of eyes and ears is always a good idea at a doctor's visit. The best part? This one is free.

　　Gift No. 2

　　Help your mother organize all of her medical records, which include the test results and medical information. Put them all in one place. Be sure to make a list of all of her medicines and what times she takes them. “Having all this information in one place could end up saving your mother's life，” Dr. Marie Savard said.

　　Gift No. 3

　　Enough sleep is connected to general health conditions. “Buy your mother cotton sheets and comfortable pillows to encourage better sleep，” Savard said. “We know that good sleep is very important to our health.”

　　Gift No. 4

　　Some gift companies such as Presents for Purpose allow you to pay it forward this Mother's Day by picking gifts in which 10 percent of the price you pay goes to a charity ***慈善機構***. Gift givers can choose from a wide variety of useful but inexpensive things-many of which are “green”-and then choose a meaningful charity from a list. When your mother gets the gift, she will be told that she has helped the chosen charity.

　　1.What are you advised to do for your mother at doctor's visits?

　　A. Take notes. B. Be with her.

　　C. Buy medicine. D. Give her gifts.

　　2. Where can you find a gift idea to improve your mother's sleep?

　　A. In Gift No. 1. B. In Gift No. 2.

　　C. In Gift No. 3. D. In Gift No. 4.

　　3. Buying gifts from Presents for Purpose allows mothers to ________.

　　A. enjoy good sleep B. be well­organized

　　C. get extra support D. give others help

　　Passage 3***2013·北京，D***體裁：說明文　詞數：346

　　Multitasking

　　People who multitask all the time may be the worst at doing two things at once，a new research suggests. The findings, based on performances and self­evaluations by about 275 college students, indicate that many people multitask not out of a desire to increase productivity, but because they are easily distracted***分心*** and can't focus on one activity. And “those people turn out to be the worst at handling different things, ” said David Sanbonmatsu, a psychologist at the University of Utah.

　　Sanbonmatsu and his colleagues gave the students a set of tests and asked them to report how often they multitasked, how good they thought they were at it, and how sensation­seeking ***尋求刺激*** or impulsive ***衝動*** they were. They then evaluated the participants' multitasking ability with a tricky mental task that required the students to do simple mathematical calculations while remembering a set of letters.

　　Not surprisingly, the scientists said, most people thought they were better than average at multitasking, and those who thought they were better at it were more likely to report using a cellphone while driving or viewing multiple kinds of media at once. But those who frequently deal with many things at the same time were found to perform the worst at the actual multitasking test. They also were more likely to admit to sensation­seeking and impulsive behavior, which connects with how easily people get bored and distracted.

　　“People multitask not because it's going to lead to greater productivity, but because they're distractible, and they get sucked into things that are not as important，” Sanbonmatsu said.

　　Adam Gazzaley, a researcher at the University of California, San Francisco, who was not a member of the research group, said one limitation of the study was that it couldn't find out whether people who start out less focused tend toward multitasking or whether people's recognizing and understanding abilities change as a result of multitasking.

　　The findings do suggest, however，why the sensation­seekers who multitask the most may enjoy risky distracted driving. “People who are multitasking are generally less sensitive to risky situations，” said Paul Atchley, another researcher not in the group. “This may partly explain why people go in for these situations even though they're dangerous.”

　　1. The research led by Sanbonmatsu indicates that people who multitask________.

　　A. seek high productivity constantly

　　B. prefer handling different things when getting bored

　　C. are more focused when doing many things at a time

　　D. have the poorest results in doing various things at the same time

　　2. When Sanbonmatsu and his colleagues conducted their research, they________.

　　A. assessed the multitasking ability of the students

　　B. evaluated the academic achievements of the students

　　C. analyzed the effects of the participants' tricky mental tasks

　　D. measured the changes of the students' understanding ability

　　3. According to Sanbonmatsu, people multitask because of their________.

　　A. limited power in calculation

　　B. interests in doing things differently

　　C. inability to concentrate on one task

　　D. impulsive desire to try new things

　　4. From the last paragraph, we can learn that multitaskers usually________.

　　A. drive very skillfully

　　B. go in for difficult tasks

　　C. fail to react quickly to potential dangers

　　D. refuse to explain the reasons for their behavior

　　Passage 4***2013·浙江，B***體裁：說明文　詞數：504

　　Below is a selection from a popular science book.

　　1. What is the colour of blood in a vein near the surface of the skin?

　　A. Blue. B. Light yellow.

　　C. Red. D. Dark reddish purple.

　　2. Why do some old people look a little shrunken as they age?

　　A. Because their spine is in active use.

　　B. Because they are more easily affected by gravity.

　　C. Because they keep growing backwards.

　　D. Because their spine becomes more bent.

　　3. Which of the following statements about our brain is true?

　　A. In the long run, our brain probably works harder than our heart.

　　B. When our brain senses the spinning，we will feel dizzy.

　　C. The brains of the other mammals are as complex as those of humans.

　　D. Our feelings and emotions come from the most developed area in our brain.

　　4. What is the main purpose of the selection?

　　A. To give advice on how to stay healthy.

　　B. To provide information about our body.

　　C. To challenge new findings in medical research.

　　D. To report the latest discoveries in medical science.

　　Passage 5***2013·江蘇，A***體裁：應用文　詞數：243

Guest Services
Front Gate Guest Services can help you with anything from finding out what time your favourite show starts to purchasing tickets. The Guest Services location inside Front Gate also serves as a message centre, lost children's area and lost and found. Canada's Wonderland does not offer personalized public paging***傳呼***.	Food & Drink Options
Shops are located throughout Canada's Wonderland. Picnic baskets and coolers are welcome at the shelter located outside Wonderland on the north side of our Front Gate. Outside food and drinks are not allowed in the Park. Bottled water may be brought into the Park.
ATMs
ATMs are located just inside the Park beside Stroller, Locker and Wheelchair Rentals at the Front Gate, as well as KidZville ***beside Guest Services***, Splash Works***two locations***, and outside Thunder Run.	Pet Care
A pet care facility is located outside our Front Gate on the south side for a daily fee. Water and airconditioned shelters are provided. Guests are asked to provide food and exercise.
First Aid
If you need medical assistance, tell any park employee who will call First Aid and have them come to your location.	Stroller, Locker and Wheelchair Rentals
Stroller，locker and wheelchair rentals are available inside the Park at the Front Gate, beside Thrills Are Wonderland.
Smoking Policy
Smoking is not permitted while riding or standing in line for rides or in any of the children's areas or the Water Park. Smoking is permitted in designated ***指定的*** areas only.	Failure to observe all Park rules could result in being driven out of the Park without refund.

　　1. The leaflet is to inform visitors of the Park's________.

　　A. advanced management B. thrill performances

　　C. entertainment facilities D. thoughtful services

　　2. A visitor to the Park can ________.

　　A. rent a stroller outside Front Gate

　　B. ask for first aid by Thunder Run

　　C. smoke in the Water Park

　　D. leave his pet at KidZville

　　Passage 6***2013·遼寧，A***體裁：記敘文　詞數：239

　　China is a land of bicycles. At least it was back in 1992 when I traveled the country. Back then everyone seemed to be riding a bicycle. Millions of them, all black. Cars were rare. Yet since my arrival in Beijing last year, I've found the opposite is true. There are millions of cars. However, people still use their bicycles to get around. For many, it's the easiest and cheapest way to travel today. Bicycles also come in different colors-silver, green, red, blue, yellow, whatever you want.

　　It's fun watching people biking. They rush quickly through crossroads, move skillfully through traffic, and ride even on sidewalks ***人行道***. Bicycles allow people the freedom to move about that cars just can't provide.

　　Eager to be part of this aspect of Chinese culture, I decided to buy a bicycle. Great weather accompanied my great buy. I immediately jumped up on my bicycle seat and started home.

　　My first ride home was orderly***守秩序的***. To be safe, I stayed with a “pack” of bikers while cars on the streets came running swiftly out of nowhere at times. I didn't want to get hit. So I took the ride carefully.

　　Crossing the streets was the biggest problem. It was a lot like crossing a major highway back in the United States. The streets here were wide, so crossing took time, skill and a little bit of luck.

　　I finally made it home. The feeling on the bicycle was amazing. The air hitting my face and going through my hair was wonderful. I was sitting on top of the world as I passed by places and people. Biking made me feel alive.

　　1. According to the author, why are bicycles still popular in China today?

　　A. Because they are traditional and safe.

　　B. Because they are convenient and inexpensive.

　　C. Because they are colorful and available.

　　D. Because they are fast and environment friendly.

　　2. The author decided to buy a bicycle because he intended________.

　　A. to ride it for fun

　　B. to use it for transport

　　C. to experience local culture

　　D. to improve his riding skills

　　3. How did the author feel about his street crossing?

　　A. It was boring. B. It was difficult.

　　C. It was lively. D. It was wonderful.

　　4. Which of the following best describes the author's biking experience?

　　A. The author enjoyed showing off his biking skills.

　　B. The author was annoyed by the air while riding.

　　C. The author was praised by the other bikers.

　　D. The author took great pleasure in biking.

　　Passage 7***2013·湖南，A***體裁：應用文　詞數：354

　　Planning a visit to the UK? Here we help with ways to cut your costs.

　　AVOID BIG EVENTS Big sporting events, concerts and exhibitions can increase the cost of accommodation and make it harder to find a room. A standard double room at the Thistle Brighton on the final Friday of the Brighton Comedy Festival***19 Oct.*** cost ￡169.15 at Booking. com. A week later，the same room cost ￡118.15.

　　If you can be flexible and want to know dates to avoid—or you're looking for a big event to pass your time—check out sites such as Whatsonwhen, which allow you to search for events in the UK by city，date and category.

　　STAY AWAY FROM THE STATION If traveling to your destination by train，you may want to find a good base close to the station，but you could end up paying more for the sake of convenience at the start of your holiday.

　　Don't be too choosy about the part of town you stay in. Booking two months in advance, the cheapest room at Travelodge's Central Euston hotel in London for Saturday 22 September was ￡95.95. A room just a tube journey away at its Covent Garden hotel was ￡75.75. And at Farringdon, a double room cost just ￡62.95.

　　LOOK AFTER YOURSELF Really central hotels in cities such as London, Edinburgh and Cardiff can cost a fortune, especially at weekends and during big events. As an alternative consider checking into a self­catering flat with its own kitchen. Often these flats are hidden away on the top floors of city centre buildings. A great example is the historic O'Neill Flat on Edinburgh's Royal Mile, available for ￡420 for five days in late September，with room for four adults.

　　GET ON A BIKE London's ‘Boris bikes’ have attracted the most attention, but other cities also have similar programmes that let you rent a bicycle and explore at your own pace, saving you on public transport or car parking costs.

　　Among the smaller cities with their own programmes are Newcastle***casual members pay around ￡1.50 for two hours*** and Cardiff ***free for up to 30 minutes, or ￡5 per day***.

　　1. The Brighton Comedy Festival is mentioned mainly to show big events may ________.

　　A. help travelers pass time

　　B. attract lots of travelers to the UK

　　C. allow travelers to make flexible plans

　　D. cause travelers to pay more for accommodation

　　2. “Farringdon” in Paragraph 5 is most probably ________.

　　A. a hotel away from the train station

　　B. the tube line to Covent Garden

　　C. an ideal holiday destination

　　D. the name of a travel agency

　　3. The passage shows that the O'Neill Flat________.

　　A. lies on the ground floor

　　B. is located in central London

　　C. provides cooking facilities for tourists

　　D. costs over ￡100 on average per day in late September

　　4. Cardiff's program allows a free bike for a maximum period of________.

　　A. half an hour B. one hour

　　C. one hour and a half D. two hours

　　5. The main purpose of the passage is________.

　　A. to tell visitors how to book in advance

　　B. to supply visitors with hotel information

　　C. to show visitors the importance of self­help

　　D. to offer visitors some money­saving tips

　　參考答案：

　　Passage 1

　　[語篇解讀]'本文是一篇說明文。題材為文學與藝術。本文介紹了國家美術館的基本情況、展覽內容、展出時間和乘車路線等。

　　1.A'細節理解題。根據第一段資訊It houses a diverse collection of more than 2,300 examples of European art ranging from 13th­century religious paintings to...可以得知本題選A項。

　　2.B'細節理解題。根據Layout部分第二段可知，Leonardo da Vinci的作品就在the main West Wing展廳。

　　3.D'細節理解題。從Getting There部分到達美術館乘車所需的時間***2分鐘的路程***來判斷，Charing Cross離國家美術館最近。

　　Passage 2

　　[語篇解讀]'本文為應用文，題材是家庭、朋友與周圍的人。母親節來臨之際我們應該為母親送上什麼禮物呢?本文以關愛母親的健康為主，給我們介紹了幾種母親節禮物。

　　1.B'細節理解題。根據Gift No.1中的第二句話Promise to be there for any and all doctor's visits...可知我們應該在醫生給母親看病時或者為母親進行例行體檢時都要在場，故選B項。

　　2.C'細節理解題。根據Gift No.3中的to encourage better sleep可知答案為C項。

　　3.D'推理判斷題。根據Gift No.4中的10 percent of the price you pay goes to a charity***慈善機構***可推斷出在這兒購買到的禮物還會讓我們的母親同時也幫助了別人，故選D項。A：享受好的睡眠;B：井井有條;C：得到額外的支援。這三項與Presents for Purpose無關。

　　Passage 3

　　[語篇解讀]'本文為說明文，研究表明同時做幾件事的人並不能將事情做好，而他們這麼做的原因是他們容易分心無法專注在一件事上。

　　1.D'細節理解題。根據文章第一段第一句中的“People who multitask all the time may be the worst at doing two things at once”以及最後一句中的“those people turn out to be the worst at handling different things”可知應選擇D項。

　　2.A'細節理解題。根據第二段第二句中的“They then evaluated the participants' multitasking ability...”可知選擇A項。

　　3.C'細節理解題。根據文章第一段的第二句中的“...many people multitask not out of a desire to increase productivity, but because they are easily distracted and can't focus on one activity.”以及第四段第一句“People multitask not because it's going to lead to greater productivity, but because they're distractible”可知應選擇C項。

　　4. C'推理判斷題。根據最後一段的第二句中的“People who are multitasking are generally less sensitive to risky situations”可以推斷出選擇C項。

　　[長難句]' The findings, based on performances and self­evaluations by about 275 college students, indicate that many people multitask not out of a desire to increase productivity, but because they are easily distracted and can't focus on one activity. 根據大約275名大學生的表現和自我評價得出的發現表明，很多人同時做幾件事不是因為他們想要提高效率，而是因為他們很容易分心並且無法將注意力集中在一件事上。

　　句子的主語為The findings，其後的based on performances and self­evaluations by about 275 college students為後置定語，句子可精簡為：The findings indicate that many...can't focus on one activity.這樣有利於考生很快地抓住文章的主旨。

　　Passage 4

　　[語篇解讀]'本文為說明文，題材為人體醫學。介紹了有關人體的一些科學知識。

　　1.D'細節理解題。根據“If blood is red，why are veins***靜脈***blue?”標題下第三句“...when it's sitting in a vein near the surface of the skin，it's more of a dark reddish purple colour.”可知選D項。

　　2.D'細節理解題。根據“Do old people shrink as they age?”標題下全段內容，尤其是最後兩句可知選D項。

　　3.A'細節理解題。根據“Which works harder，your heart or your brain?”標題下第三句“But，in the long run，your brain probably tips it...”可知，A項正確。

　　4.B'觀點態度題。作為一本科普讀物的節選，本文意在向讀者介紹有關人體的科學知識，故選B項。

　　Passage 5

　　[語篇解讀]'本文為應用文，題材為新聞廣告類。主要介紹了Canada's Wonderland***加拿大仙境***的相關資訊，目的是讓讀者瞭解Canada's Wonderland的相關服務和規定。

　　1.D'細節理解題。根據文中的主要資訊Guest Services，Food&Drink Options等，可以看出本廣告/傳單***the leaflet***說的都是關於提供體貼服務的資訊***thoughtful services***，故選D。

　　2.B'細節理解題。從First Aid部分可以瞭解到如果你需要醫療幫助，你可以告訴任何一名工作人員，他會幫你把急救人員叫到你所在的地方。

　　[長難句]' Front Gate Guest Services can help you with anything from finding out what time your favorite show starts to purchasing tickets.前門***可以為您提供任何服務，從幫您弄清您喜歡的節目開演的時間到買票。

　　本句需要注意的是from...to...結構和finding out後的賓語從句what time your favorite show starts。

　　Passage 6

　　[語篇解讀]'本文為記敘文，主要講述了自行車在中國的普及以及作者自己騎自行車的感受。

　　1.B'細節理解題。根據第一段中“For many，it's the easiest and cheapest way to travel today.”可知答案為B項。

　　2.C'細節理解題。根據第三段第一句話可知作者決定買自行車的原因是想感受一下中國文化，故選C項。

　　3.B'細節理解題。根據倒數第二段第一句話可知作者感覺騎自行車穿越十字路口很困難，故選B項。

　　4.D'推理判斷題。根據文章最後一段最後一句話可知作者在騎自行車中獲得了快樂，故選D項。

　　Passage 7

　　[語篇解讀]'本文為應用文，題材為廣告說明類。你計劃去英國旅行嗎?我們在這裡為你提供減少費用的方法。

　　1.D'細節理解題。根據AVOID BIG EVENTS“避開重大事件”中的“Big sporting events, concerts and exhibitions can increase_the_cost_of_accommodation...”，可知答案為D項。

　　2.A'詞義猜測題。根據語境中提到的價格呈下降趨勢分析來看，賓館的位置應該是一個比一個遠，故選A項，Farringdon是一家離火車站較遠的賓館。

　　3.C' 細節理解題。根據LOOK AFTER YOURSELF部分中的a self­catering flat with its own kitchen和A great example is the historic O'Neill Flat 的關係得知O'Neill Flat可以為遊客提供廚房烹飪裝置。

　　4.A'細節理解題。根據最後一句中的Cardiff***free for up to