高考英語閱讀真題集訓

　　集訓是一種用增加數量來提高質量的一種常用方法，作為特別消耗時間和耐力的英語閱讀，更加需要平時多做一點閱讀真題集訓，來提升自己的速度。下面小編給大家分享一些往年題，僅供參考!

　　1

　　Doctors are known to be terrible pilots. They don't listen because they already know it all. I was lucky: I became a pilot in 1970, almost ten years before I graduated from medical school. I didn't realize then, but becoming a pilot makes me a better surgeon. I loved flying. As I flew bigger, faster planes, and in worse weather, I learned about crew resource management ***機組資源管理***, or CRM, a new idea to make flying safer. It means that crew members should listen and speak up for a good result, regardless of positions.

　　I first read about CRM in 1980. Not long after that, an attending doctor and I were flying in bad weather. The controller had us turn too late to get our landing ready. They attending doctor was flying; I was safety pilot. He was so busy because of the bad turn, he had forgotten to put the landing gear ***起落架***down. He was a better pilot—and my boss—so it felt unusual to speak up. But I had to: Our lives were in danger. I put aside my uneasiness and said, “We need to put the landing gear down now!” That was my first real lesson in the power of CRM, and I've used it in the operating room ever since.

　　CRM requires that the pilot/surgeon encourage others to speak up. It further requires that when opinions are from the opposite, the doctor doesn't overreact, which might prevent fellow doctors from voicing opinions again. So when I'm in the operating room, I ask for ideas and help from others. Sometimes they're not willing to speak up. But I hope that if I continue to encourage them, someday someone will keep me from “landing_gear_up”.

　　1. What does the author say about doctors in general?

　　A. They like flying by themselves.

　　B. They are unwilling to take advice.

　　C. They pretend to be good pilots.

　　D. They are quick learners of CRM.

　　2. The author deepened his understanding of the power of CRM when________.

　　A. he saved the plane by speaking up

　　B. he was in charge of a flying task

　　C. his boss landed the plane too late

　　D. his boss operated on a patient

　　3. In the last paragraph “landing gear up”probably means ________.

　　A. following flying requirements

　　B. overreacting to different opinions

　　C. listening to what fellow doctors say

　　D. making a mistake that may cost lives

　　4. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

　　A. CRM: A New Way to Make Flying Safe

　　B. Flying Makes Me a Better Doctor

　　C. The Making of a Good Pilot

　　D. A Pilot­Turned Doctor

　　2

　　Does Fame Drive You Crazy?

　　Although being famous might sound like a dream come true, today's stars，feeling like zoo animals，face pressures that few of us can imagine. They are at the center of much of the world's attention. Paparazzi***狗仔隊*** camp outside their homes, cameras ready. Tabloids ***小報*** publish thrilling stories about their personal lives. Just imagine not being able to do anything without being photographed or interrupted for a signature!

　　According to psychologist Christina Villarreal, celebrities—famous people-worry constantly about their public appearance. Eventually，they start to lose track of who they really are, seeing themselves the way their fans imagine them, not as the people they were before everyone knew their names. “Over time，” Villarreal says, “they feel separated and alone.”

　　The phenomenon of tracking celebrities has been around for ages. In the 4th century B. C.， painters followed Alexander the Great into battle, hoping to picture his victories for his admirers. When Charles Dickens visited America in the 19th century, his sold­out readings attracted thousands of fans, leading him to complain ***抱怨*** about his lack of privacy. Tabloids of the 1920s and 1930s ran articles about film­stars in much the same way that modern tabloids and websites do.

　　Being a public figure today, however，is a lot more difficult than it used to be. Superstars cannot move about without worrying about photographers with modern cameras. When they say something silly or do something ridiculous, there is always the Internet to spread the news in minutes and keep their “story” alive forever.

　　If fame is so troublesome, why aren't all celebrities running away from it? The answer is there are still ways to deal with it. Some stars stay calm by surrounding themselves with trusted friends and family or by escaping to remote places away from big cities. They focus not on how famous they are but on what they love to do or whatever made them famous in the first place.

　　Sometimes a few celebrities can get a little justice. Still, even stars who enjoy full justice often complain about how hard their lives are. They are tired of being famous already.

　　1. It can be learned from the passage that stars today ________.

　　A. are often misunderstood by the public

　　B. can no longer have their privacy protected

　　C. spend too much on their public appearance

　　D. care little about how they have come into fame

　　2. What is the main idea of Paragraph 3?

　　A. Great heroes of the past were generally admired.

　　B. The problem faced by celebrities has a long history.

　　C. Well­known actors are usually targets of tabloids.

　　D. Works of popular writers often have a lot of readers.

　　3. What makes it much harder to be a celebrity today?

　　A. Availability of modern media.

　　B. Inadequate social recognition.

　　C. Lack of favorable chances.

　　D. Huge population of fans.

　　4. What is the author's attitude toward modern celebrity?

　　A. Sincere. B. Sceptical.

　　C. Disapproving. D. Sympathetic.

　　3

　　Poet William Stafford once said that we are defined more by the detours***繞行路***in life than by the narrow road toward goals. I like this image. But it was quite by accident that I discovered the deep meaning of his words.

　　For years we made the long drive from our home in Seattle to my parents' home in Boise in nine hours. We traveled the way most people do: the fastest, shortest, easiest road, especially when I was alone with four noisy, restless kids who hate confinement ***限制*** and have strong opinions about everything.

　　Road trips felt risky, so I would drive fast, stopping only when I had to. We would stick to the freeways and arrive tired.

　　But then Banner，our lamb was born. He was rejected by his mama days before our planned trip to Boise. I had two choices：leave Banner with my husband, or take him with me. My husband made the decision for me.

　　That is how I found myself on the road with four kids，a baby lamb and nothing but my everlasting optimism to see me through. We took the country roads out of necessity. We had to stop every hour，let Banner shake out his legs and feed him. The kids chased him and one another. They'd get back in the car breathless and energized, smelling fresh from the cold air.

　　We explored side roads, catching grasshoppers in waist­high grass. Even if we simply looked out of the car windows at baby pigs following their mother, or fish leaping out of the water, it was better than the best ride down the freeway. Here was life. And new horizons***見識***.

　　We eventually arrived at my parents' doorstep astonishingly fresh and full of stories.

　　I grew brave with the trip back home and creative with my disciplining technique. On an empty section of road, everyone started quarreling. I stopped the car, ordered all kids out and told them to meet me up ahead. I parked my car half a mile away and read my book in sweet silence.

　　Some road trips are by necessity fast and straight. But that trip with Banner opened our eyes to a world available to anyone adventurous enough to wander around and made me realize that a detour may uncover the best part of a journey-and the best part of yourself.

　　1. Why did the author use to take freeways to her parents' home?

　　A. It was less tiring.

　　B. It would be faster and safer.

　　C. Her kids would feel less confined.

　　D. She felt better with other drivers nearby.

　　2. The author stopped regularly on the country roads to________.

　　A. relax in the fresh air

　　B. take a deep breath

　　C. take care of the lamb

　　D. let the kids play with Banner

　　3. What does the author discover from the trip according to Paragraph 6?

　　A. Freeways are where beauty hides.

　　B. Getting close to nature adds to the joy of life.

　　C. Enjoying the beauty of nature benefits one's health.

　　D. One should follow side roads to watch wild animals.

　　4. Why did the author ask the kids to get out of the car on their way back home?

　　A. To give herself some time to read.

　　B. To order some food for them.

　　C. To play a game with them.

　　D. To let them cool down.

　　5. What could be the best title for the passage?

　　A. Charm of the Detour

　　B. The Road to Bravery

　　C. Creativity out of Necessity

　　D. Road Trip and Country Life

　　4

　　It is widely known that any English conversation begins with The Weather. Such a fixation with the weather finds expression in Dr. Johnson's famous comment that “When two English meet, their first talk is of weather.” Though Johnson's observation is as accurate now as it was over two hundred years ago, most commentators fail to come up with a convincing explanation for this English weatherspeak.

　　Bill Bryson, for example, concludes that, as the English weather is not at all exciting, the obsessionwith it can hardly be understood. He argues that “To an outsider, the most striking thing about the English weather is that there is not very much of it.” Simply, the reason is that the unusual and unpredictable weather is almost unknown in the British Isles.

　　Jeremy Paxman, however, disagrees with Bryson, arguing that the English weather is by nature attractive. Bryson is wrong, he says, because the English preference for the weather has nothing to do with the natural phenomena. “The interest is less in the phenomena themselves, but in uncertainty.” According to him, the weather in England is very changeable and uncertain and it attracts the English as well as the outsider.

　　Bryson and Paxman stand for common misconceptions about the weather­speak among the English. Both commentators, somehow, are missing the point. The English weather conversation is not really about the weather at all. English weather­speak is a system of signs, which is developed to help the speakers overcome the natural reserve and actually talk to each other. Everyone knows conversations starting with weather­speak are not requests for weather data. Rather, they are routine greetings, conversation starters or the blank“fillers”. In other words, English weather­speak is a means of social bonding.

　　1. The author mentions Dr. Johnson's comment to show that________.

　　A. most commentators agree with Dr. Johnson

　　B. Dr. Johnson is famous for his weather observation

　　C. the comment was accurate two hundred years ago

　　D. English conversations usually start with the weather

　　2. What does the underlined word“obsession” most probably refer to?

　　A. A social trend.

　　B. An emotional state.

　　C. A historical concept.

　　D. An unknown phenomenon.

　　3. According to the passage, Jeremy Paxman believes that________.

　　A. Bill Bryson has little knowledge of the weather

　　B. there is nothing special about the English weather

　　C. the English weather attracts people to the British Isles

　　D. English people talk about the weather for its uncertainty

　　4. What is the author's main purpose of writing the passage?

　　A. To explain what English weather­speak is about.

　　B. To analyse misconceptions about the English weather.

　　C. To find fault with both Bill Bryson and Jeremy Paxman.

　　D. To convince people that the English weather is changeable.

　　5

　　You can't always predict a heavy rain or remember your umbrella. But designer Mikhail Belyaev doesn't think that forgetting to check the weather forecast before heading out should result in you getting wet. That's why he created Lampbrella, a lamp post with its own rain­sensing umbrella.

　　The designer says he came up with the idea after watching people get wet on streets in Russia. “Once, I was driving on a central Saint Petersburg street and saw the street lamps lighting up people trying to hide from the rain. I thought it would be appropriate to have a canopy ***傘篷*** built into a street lamp, ” he said.

　　The Lampbrella is a standard­looking street lamp fitted with an umbrella canopy. It has a built­in electric motor which can open or close the umbrella on demand. Sensors ***感測器*** then ensure that the umbrella offers pedestrians shelter whenever it starts raining.

　　In addition to the rain sensor，there's also a 360° motion sensor on the fiberglass street lamp which detects whether anyone is using the Lampbrella. After three minutes of not being used the canopy is closed.

　　According to the designer, the Lampbrella would move at a relatively low speed, so as not to cause harm to the pedestrians. Besides, it would be grounded to protect from possible lightning strike. Each Lampbrella would offer enough shelter for several people. Being installed ***安裝*** at 2 metres off the ground，it would only be a danger for the tallest of pedestrians.

　　While there are no plans to take the Lampbrella into production, Belyaev says he recently introduced his creation to one Moscow Department, and insists his creation could be installed on any street where a lot of people walk but there are no canopies to provide shelter.

　　1. For what purpose did Belyaev create the Lampbrella?

　　A. To predict a heavy rain.

　　B. To check the weather forecast.

　　C. To protect people from the rain.

　　D. To remind people to take an umbrella.

　　2. What do we know from Belyaev's words in Paragraph 2?

　　A. His creation was inspired by an experience.

　　B. It rains a lot in the city of Saint Petersburg.

　　C. Street lamps are protected by canopies.

　　D. He enjoyed taking walks in the rain.

　　3. Which of the following shows how the Lampbrella works?

　　A. motor→canopy→sensors

　　B. sensors→motor→canopy

　　C. motor→sensors→canopy

　　D. canopy→motor→sensors

　　4. What does Paragraph 5 mainly tell us about the Lampbrella?

　　A. Its moving speed. B. Its appearance.

　　C. Its installation. D. Its safety.

　　5. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

　　A. The designer will open a company to promote his product.

　　B. The Lampbrella could be put into immediate production.

　　C. The designer is confident that his creation is practical.

　　D. The Lampbrella would be put on show in Moscow.

　　6

　　No one knows for sure when advertising first started. It is possible that it grew out of the discovery that some people did certain kinds of work better than others did them. That led to the concept of specialization, which means that people would specialize, or focus, on doing one specific job.

　　Let's take a man we'll call Mr. Fielder，for example. He did everything connected with farming. He planted seeds, tended the fields, and harvested and sold his crops. At the same time, he did many other jobs on the farm. However, he didn't make the bricks for his house，cut his trees into boards, make the plows***犁***, or any of the other hundreds of things a farm needs. Instead, he got them from people who specialized in doing each of those things.

　　Suppose there was another man we shall call Mr. Plowright. Using what he knew about farming and working with iron, Mr. Plowright invented a plow that made farming easier. Mr. Plowright did not really like farming himself and wanted to specialize in making really good plows. Perhaps，he thought，other farmers will trade what they grow for one of my plows.

　　How did Mr. Plowright let people know what he was doing? Why，he advertised, of course. First he opened a shop and then he put up a sign outside the shop to attract customers. That sign may have been no more than a plow carved into a piece of wood and a simple arrow pointing to the shop door. It was probably all the information people needed to find Mr. Plowright and his really good plows.

　　Many historians believe that the first outdoor signs were used about five thousand years ago. Even before most people could read, they understood such signs. Shopkeepers would carve into stone, clay, or wood symbols for the products they had for sale.

　　A medium，in advertising talk, is the way you communicate your message. You might say that the first medium used in advertising was signs with symbols. The second medium was audio, or sound, although that term is not used exactly in the way we use it today. Originally, just the human voice and maybe some kind of simple instrument, such as a bell，were used to get people's attention.

　　A crier，in the historical sense, is not someone who weeps easily. It is someone, probably a man, with a voice loud enough to be heard over the other noises of a city. In ancient Egypt，shopkeepers might hire such a person to spread the news about their products. Often this earliest form of advertising involved a newly arrived ship loaded with goods. Perhaps the crier described the goods, explained where they came from, and praised their quality. His job was, in other words，not too different from a TV or radio commercial in today's world.

　　1. What probably led to the start of advertising?

　　A. The discovery of iron.

　　B. The specialization of labor.

　　C. The appearance of new jobs.

　　D. The development of farming techniques.

　　2. To advertise his plows, Mr. Plowright ________.

　　A. praised his plows in public

　　B. placed a sign outside the shop

　　C. hung an arrow pointing to the shop

　　D. showed his products to the customers

　　3. The writer makes up the two stories of Mr. Fielder and Mr. Plowright in order to ________.

　　A. explain the origin of advertising

　　B. predict the future of advertising

　　C. expose problems in advertising

　　D. provide suggestions for advertising

　　4. In ancient Egypt，a crier was probably someone who________.

　　A. owned a ship

　　B. had the loudest voice

　　C. ran a shop selling goods to farmers

　　D. functioned like today's TV or radio commercial

　　5. The last two paragraphs are mainly about________.

　　A. the history of advertising

　　B. the benefits of advertising

　　C. the early forms of advertising

　　D. the basic design of advertising

　　7

　　A MENTORING ***導師制*** program is giving life changing opportunities to Banbury youth.

　　Young Inspirations was founded two years ago to provide mentoring sessions for students and unemployed young adults aged 11 to 21.

　　Alex Goldberg, the program's founder, said: “We set up Young Inspirations because we wanted to give young people experiences which will potentially be life changing and broaden their outlook.”

　　“We try to create work experience opportunities that will really make a difference to our youth. For example, we've secured internships***實習*** with world­famous firms such as Honda.”

　　“At a time of funding cutbacks where schools are finding it more and more difficult to offer this kind of mentoring，it is extremely important that these opportunities are available both to help youth with their school work and grades and to give them opportunities which may help shape their futures.” Kieran Hepburn, 14，is one of a group of Banbury youth who has benefited from the program so far. In October the Banbury School pupil was accompanied by Young Inspirations staff to Paris where he was an observer at the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization's ***UNESCO*** International Youth Forum ***論壇***.

　　The event was held for young people from around the world，to seek their views on how the future of youth and education should look. Kieran joined several hundred observers mostly in their 20s and was the only UK school pupil to attend the event. Kieran thinks the trip was a life changing experience. “Before we left I didn't quite know what to make of it but when we got there we didn't stop，it was amazing，” he said, “We went to three or four hours of debates each day and then did something cultural each afternoon.”

　　The main theme of the forum was how youth can drive change in political and public life. It dealt with issues ***問題*** such as drug abuse, violence and unemployment.

　　Kieran said: “It has really helped me to improve my confidence and social skills as well as my school grades and I was voted most improved pupil at school in August.”

　　The Young Inspirations mentoring sessions take place each Friday in Banbury. For details visit www. younginspirations. com.

　　1. The Young Inspirations mentoring program aims to________.

　　A. train staff for world­famous firms

　　B. offer job opportunities to young adults

　　C. provide youth with unique experiences

　　D. equip the unemployed with different skills

　　2. According to Alex Goldberg, it is difficult for schools to offer the mentoring due to________.

　　A. the lack of support from firms

　　B. the cultural differences

　　C. the effect of unemployment

　　D. the shortage of money

　　3. According to the passage, the forum focused on how youth can________.

　　A. build up their confidence at school

　　B. find work experience opportunities

　　C. improve their social skills for the future

　　D. play an active role in the change of society

　　4. We can learn from the passage that ________.

　　A. the visit to the United Kingdom was amazing

　　B. Kieran has made great progress in many aspects

　　C. the youth have found a way to solve their problems

　　D. the mentoring sessions are held every day except Friday

　　5. What would be the best title for the passage?

　　A. Alex Goldberg, Founder of Young Inspirations

　　B. Young People Find a World of Opportunity

　　C. Kieran, Banbury School Pupil to Paris

　　D. Debates Help Youth with Their Grades

　　8

　　We've considered several ways of paying to cut in line: hiring line standers, buying tickets from scalpers ***票販子***, or purchasing line­cutting privileges directly from, say, an airline or an amusement park. Each of these deals replaces the morals of the queue***waiting your turn*** with the morals of the market***paying a price for faster service***.

　　Markets and queues-paying and waiting-are two different ways of allocating things, and each is appropriate to different activities. The morals of the queue, “First come, first served，” have an egalitarian ***平等主義的*** appeal. They tell us to ignore privilege, power, and deep pockets.

　　The principle seems right on playgrounds and at bus stops. But the morals of the queue do not govern all occasions. If I put my house up for sale, I have no duty to accept the first offer that comes along, simply because it's the first. Selling my house and waiting for a bus are different activities, properly governed by different standards.

　　Sometimes standards change, and it is unclear which principle should apply. Think of the recorded message you hear, played over and over, as you wait on hold when calling your bank: “Your call will be answered in the order in which it was received.” This is essential for the morals of the queue. It's as if the company is trying to ease our impatience with fairness.

　　But don't take the recorded message too seriously. Today, some people's calls are answered faster than others. Call center technology enables companies to “score” incoming calls and to give faster service to those that come from rich places. You might call this telephonic queue jumping.

　　Of course, markets and queues are not the only ways of allocating things. Some goods we distribute by merit, others by need, still others by chance. However, the tendency of markets to replace queues, and other non­market ways of allocating goods is so common in modern life that we scarcely notice it anymore. It is striking that most of the paid queue­jumping schemes we've considered-at airports and amusement parks, in call centers, doctors' offices, and na tional parks-are recent developments, scarcely imaginable three decades ago. The disappearance of the queues in these places may seem an unusual concern, but these are not the only places that markets have entered.

　　1. According to the author, which of the following seems governed by the principle “First come, first served”?

　　A. Taking buses.

　　B. Buying houses.

　　C. Flying with an airline.

　　D. Visiting amusement parks.

　　2. The example of the recorded message in Paragraphs 4 and 5 illustrates________.

　　A. the necessity of patience in queuing

　　B. the advantage of modern technology

　　C. the uncertainty of allocation principle

　　D. the fairness of telephonic services

　　3. The passage is meant to________.

　　A. justify paying for faster services

　　B. discuss the morals of allocating things

　　C. analyze the reason for standing in line

　　D. criticize the behavior of queue jumping

　　9

　　Some people think that success is only for those with talent or those who grow up in the right family, and others believe that success mostly comes down to luck. I'm not going to say luck, talent, and circumstances don't come into play because they do. Some people are born into the right family while others are born with great intelligence, and that's just the reality of how life is.

　　However, to succeed in life, one first needs to set a goal and then gradually make it more practical. And，in addition to that，in order to get really good at something, one needs to spend at least 10,000 hours studying and practising. To become great at certain things，it'll require even more time, time that most people won't put in.

　　This is a big reason why many successful people advise you to do something you love. If you don't enjoy what you do, it is going to feel like unbearable pain and will likely make you quit well before you ever become good at it.

　　When you see people exhibiting some great skills or having achieved great success，you know that they have put in a huge part of their life to get there at a huge cost. It's sometimes easy to think they got lucky or they were born with some rare talent, but thinking that way does you no good, and there's a huge chance that you're wrong anyway.

　　Whatever you do，if you want to become great at it, you need to work day in and day out, almost to the point of addiction, and over a long period of time. If you're not willing to put in the time and work, don't expect to receive any rewards. Consistent, hard work won't guarantee you the level of success you may want, but it will guarantee that you will become really good at whatever it is you put all that work into.

　　1. Paragraph 1 mainly talks about________.

　　A. the reasons for success

　　B. the meaning of success

　　C. the standards of success

　　D. the importance of success

　　2. In Paragraph 2, the underlined word that refers to________.

　　A. being good at something

　　B. setting a practical goal

　　C. putting in more time

　　D. succeeding in life

　　3. Successful people suggest doing what one loves because________.

　　A. work makes one feel pain

　　B. one tends to enjoy his work

　　C. one gives up his work easily

　　D. it takes a lot of time to succeed

　　4. What can we infer from Paragraph 4?

　　A. Successful people like to show their great skills.

　　B. People sometimes succeed without luck or talent.

　　C. People need to achieve success at the cost of life.

　　D. It helps to think that luck or talent leads to success.

　　5. What is the main theme of the passage?

　　A. Having a goal is vital to success.

　　B. Being good is different from being great.

　　C. One cannot succeed without time and practice.

　　D. Luck，talent and family help to achieve success.

　　10

　　Going green seems to be a fad ***時尚*** for a lot of people these days. Whether that is good or bad, we can't really say, but for the two of us, going green is not a fad but a lifestyle.

　　On April 22, 2011, we decided to go green every single day for an entire year. This meant doing 365 different green things, and it also meant challenging ourselves to go green beyond the easy things. Rather than recycle and reduce our energy, we had to think of 365 different green things to do and this was no easy task.

　　With the idea of going green every single day for a year, Our Green Year started. My wife and I decided to educate people about how they could go green in their lives and hoped we could show people all the green things that could be done to help the environment. We wanted to push the message that every little bit helps.

　　Over the course of Our Green Year, we completely changed our lifestyles. We now shop at organic ***有機的***stores. We consume less meat, choosing green food. We have greatly reduced our buying we don't need. We have given away half of what we owned through websites. Our home is kept clean by vinegar and lemon juice, with no chemical cleaners. We make our own butter, enjoying the smell of home­made fresh bread. In our home office anyone caught doing something ungreen might be punished.

　　Our minds have been changed by Our Green Year. We are grateful for the chance to have been able to go green and educate others. We believe that we do have the power to change things and help our planet.

　　1.What might be the best title for the passage?

　　A. Going Green

　　B. Protecting the Planet

　　C. Keeping Open­Minded

　　D. Celebrating Our Green Year

　　2.It was difficult for the couple to live a green life for the whole year because ________.

　　A. they were expected to follow the green fad

　　B. they didn't know how to educate other people

　　C. they were unwilling to reduce their energy

　　D. they needed to perform unusual green tasks

　　3.What did the couple do over the course of Our Green Year?

　　A. They tried to get out of their ungreen habits.

　　B. They ignored others' ungreen behavior.

　　C. They chose better chemical cleaners.

　　D. They sold their home­made food.

　　4.What can we infer from the last paragraph?

　　A. The government will give support to the green project.

　　B. The couple may continue their project in the future.

　　C. Some people disagree with the couple's green ideas.

　　D. Our Green Year is becoming a national campaign.

　　參考答案：

　　1

　　[語篇解讀]'本文為夾敘夾議文，題材為個人情感與人際關係。日常工作中醫生往往聽不進別人的觀點和建議，這一點很糟糕。“我”通過自己的一次經歷深深理解了一種工作原理——CRM的重要性，那什麼是CRM呢?

　　1.B'細節理解題。根據第一段的They don't listen because they already know it all.可知作者認為醫生們總是認為自己什麼都知道所以就不聽別人的意見，故選B項。作者沒有提及醫生們喜歡自己飛行，故排除A項;也沒有資訊說他們假裝成優秀飛行員，故排除C項;文中也找不到作者說醫生很快就學會CRM，故排除D項。

　　2.A'細節理解題。根據第二段最後的I put aside my uneasiness and said，“We need to put the landing gear down now!”可知是我在緊要關頭勇敢說出自己的建議而挽救了我倆的性命，故選A項。根據該段中的The attending doctor was flying...he had forgotten to put the landing gear ***起落架***down.可知是我的老闆駕駛飛機而不是我，故排除B項;在我的提示下飛機安全著陸了，故排除C項;事情發生在我倆開飛機時而不是老闆給病人做手術的時候，故排除D項。

　　3.D'推理判斷題。最後一段作者描述自己在給病人做手術的時候總是鼓勵別人發表意見，但有時候他們不願意說，我還是繼續鼓勵。這樣做是為了某一天有人會讓我避免犯下致命的錯誤，就像當初我提醒我的老闆及時放下起落架一樣，故選D項。其他三項與該句中的keep me from搭配不符合文章要表達的意思。

　　4.B'主旨大意題。根據第一段中的but becoming a pilot makes me a better surgeon以及第二段用自己的一次親身經歷來證明這一點和最後一段我在自己的工作中堅持CRM工作法可知本文的主題是：飛行讓我變成了一個更好的醫生。A：CRM: 一種讓飛行更安全的新方法;C：一個好的飛行員的培養;D：一個由飛行員轉變的醫生。這三項都與本文主題無關。

　　[長難句]　It further requires that when opinions are from the opposite, the doctor doesn't overreact, which might prevent fellow doctors from voicing opinions again.這就進一步要求醫生們在聽到相反觀點的時候，不要反應過激。這麼做會使得同行們再也不發表他們的觀點了。

　　It further requires that...這進一步要求……。which引導非限制性定語從句。

　　2

　　[語篇解讀]'本文為議論文。作者主要對現在的名人沒有隱私的問題發表了自己的看法。

　　1.B'推理判斷題。根據文章第一段第二、三、四句“They are at the center of much of the world's attention. Paparazzi camp outside their homes, cameras ready. Tabloids publish thrilling stories about their personal lives.”可知現在的明星沒有隱私，故選擇B項。

　　2.B'主旨大意題。此段通過列舉歷史上的名人所遇到的麻煩來證明名人所遇到的問題由來已久，故選擇B項。

　　3.A'細節理解題。根據第四段所描述內容可知以Internet為代表的現代媒介令名人們的處境更加不易，故此題選擇A項。

　　4.D'觀點態度題。通讀全文可以發現，作者對現代名人沒有批判、懷疑或是大加鼓勵，倒是同情他們沒有隱私、體諒他們難處的句子頻繁出現，故此題應選擇D項sympathetic同情的。sincere真誠的，sceptical懷疑的，disapproving不贊同的。

　　[長難句]　Although being famous might sound like a dream come true, today's stars，feeling like zoo animals，face pressures that few of us can imagine.儘管成名或許聽起來就像夢想實現了一樣，可如今的明星感覺就像動物園的動物，承受著少有人能夠想象的壓力。

　　本句是複合句，although引導讓步狀語從句;feeling like zoo animals 是現在分詞短語作狀語，主句為today's stars face pressures that few of us can imagine。

　　3

　　[語篇解讀]'本文為夾敘夾議文。題材為社會生活類。作者通過自己親身的旅行經歷，更深刻地理解了繞行道的意義——雖然會比較慢，但是我們能近距離地接近自然，感受到生活更大的樂趣。

　　1.B'細節理解題。第三段最後一句提到作者堅持走高速公路，到達的時候會比較累。A項與此相反，故排除。C和D項文中沒有涉及。

　　2.C'細節理解題。從第五段中的第二、三句得知：作者出於需要要走鄉間小路。他們不得不每小時停下讓Banner伸伸腿並且餵它。故選C項***停車去照顧小羊羔***。

　　3.B'推理判斷題。作者通過看到的自然現象得出感慨：走這樣的路要比走最好的高速公路要好，這裡才是真正的生活，並且增長了見識。故選B項***接近自然可以增加生活的樂趣***。

　　4.D'細節理解題。第八段中提到，在回去的路上，孩子們在車上爭吵，所以作者就命令他們下車到前面等著，也就是要孩子們冷靜下來不要爭吵。故選D項。

　　5.A'主旨大意題。作者以詩人William Stafford對繞行道的理解引題，加上自己的親身經歷，進一步理解了繞行道更深刻的意義——它會讓你發現旅行中最好的部分，也發現最好的自己。故選A項——繞行道的魅力。

　　4

　　[語篇解讀]'本文為議論文，題材為社會文化類，主要介紹了對英國人見面談論天氣的不同看法。

　　1.D'推理判斷題。第一段作者首先提出英國人見面談論天氣這一現象，接著就給出了Dr.Johnson的評論，由此可判斷引用Dr.Johnson評論的目的是說明這一現象的普遍，故選D項。

　　2.B'詞義猜測題。第二段提到Bill Bryson認為由於英國的天氣一點也不讓人興奮，所以人們見面就談天氣的這種痴迷令人費解。可推斷obsession的意思可能是“痴迷”，是一種情感狀態，故選B。A：社會趨勢;B：情感狀態;C：歷史概念;D：未知現象。

　　3.D'推理判斷題。根據第三段中“The interest is less in the phenomena themselves, but in uncertainty.”可知人們見面談論天氣的興趣不在天氣本身，而在於天氣的不確定性，故選D。

　　4.A'主旨大意題。文章第一段首先引出英國人見面愛談天氣的現象，第二和第三段分別闡述了Bill Bryson和Jeremy Paxman對這一現象的兩種相反觀點，最後一段提出了自己的觀點：英國人見面談論天氣是社交的一種手段，可判斷文章的寫作目的是剖析英國人見面談天氣的原因。

　　[長難句]　Jeremy Paxman, however, disagrees with Bryson, arguing that the English weather is by nature attractive.然而，Jeremy Paxman 和Bryson持有相反的觀點。他認為英國的天氣在本質上是吸引人的。

　　句中arguing...作伴隨狀語，that引導的從句作及物動詞argue的賓語。

　　5

　　[語篇解讀]'本文為說明文，題材是科普知識與現代技術類。走在大街上突遇大雨而又沒有帶雨具該怎麼辦?一位有心人在聖彼得堡街頭的一次經歷讓他產生了一種發明的想法：燈杆傘篷。

　　1.C'細節理解題。根據第一段中的That's why he created Lampbrella...可知他設計這種雨傘的目的就是為了保護行人免受雨淋之苦，故選C項。

　　2.A'推理判斷題。第二段提到一次在聖彼得堡街頭路燈照耀下他看到很多人試圖避雨，於是就產生了設計這種雨傘的想法。由此推斷出他的發明創造來自於一次經歷，故選A項。

　　3.B'細節理解題。根據第三段中對這種雨傘的工作原理的描述可知B項正確。

　　4.D'主旨大意題。第五段主要是告訴我們這種傘是很安全的，故選D項。A項是該段的一個細節;該段沒有提及它的外表樣子，排除B項;C項“它的安裝”，也是一個細節。

　　5.C'推理判斷題。最後一句中說他堅持認為自己設計的這種雨傘可以在任何行人多但沒有傘篷提供保護的街道上安裝，由此推斷出他認為自己的設計非常實用，故選C項。

　　[長難句]　While there are no plans to take the Lampbrella into production, Belyaev says he recently introduced his creation to one Moscow Department, and insists his creation could be installed on any street where a lot of people walk but there are no canopies to provide shelter. 儘管現在還沒有計劃將這種燈杆傘篷投入生產，但Belyaev說他最近把他的發明介紹給了莫斯科的一個部門，並堅持認為他的發明能夠安裝在那些行人很多但沒有傘篷提供保護的街道上。

　　在此while引導的是一個讓步狀語從句，while=although儘管、雖然。主句的主語Belyaev有兩個並列謂語動詞says和insists。其中where引導的定語從句修飾先行詞street。

　　6

　　[語篇解讀]'本文為說明文，題材為社會生活。介紹了廣告的起源以及早期的廣告形式。

　　1.B'細節理解題。根據第一段內容“...it grew out of the discovery that some people did certain kinds of work better than others did them. That led to the concept of specialization...”可知，廣告源自勞動分工的產生。

　　2.B'細節理解題。根據第四段內容“First he opened a shop and then he put up a sign outside the shop to attract customers.”可知答案選B項。

　　3.A'細節理解題。作者在第一段提出“廣告源自勞動分工”這一觀點後，用Mr.Fielder和Mr. Plowright的故事來支援自己的觀點，故選A。

　　4.D'細節理解題。根據最後一段內容可知，crier在歷史上指可以大聲吆喝，為貨物做廣告的人。根據本段最後一句“...in other words，not too different from a TV or radio commercial in today's world.”可知，D項正確。

　　5.C'主旨大意題。最後兩段介紹了除了“signs with symbols”，當時人們還用“audio, or sound”的方式來做廣告，都是各種各樣的廣告形式。故選C。

　　7

　　[語篇解讀]'本文為說明文，題材為社會生活類。一項導師計劃為年輕人提供了參與社會生活、拓寬視野的機會。

　　1.C'推理判斷題。根據第三段可知，Young Inspirations的建立是要給年輕人提供改變生活和開闊視野的經歷。故C項***為年輕人提供獨特的經歷***最貼近題意。

　　2.D'細節理解題。根據第五段第一句中At a time of funding cutbacks...***在資金短缺的時期……***，可知答案選D。

　　3.D'細節理解題。根據倒數第三段第一句可知，論壇的主題是年輕人如何推動政治和公共生活的變革。故D項***年輕人在社會變革中能夠起到積極的作用***最貼近題意。

　　4.B'推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段可知，Kieran的自信心、社交技能和學習成績都得到了提高，而且還被選為學校八月份最有進步的學生。故答案選B。

　　5.B'主旨大意題。本文第一句是全文的主題句，即導師計劃給Banbury的年輕人提供了改變生活的機會。故B項***年輕人找到了充滿機會的世界***符合題意。

　　[長難句]　At a time of funding cutbacks where schools are finding it more and more difficult to offer this kind of mentoring，it is extremely important that these opportunities are available both to help youth with their school work and grades and to give them opportunities which may help shape their futures.在學校資金短缺的時期，提供這種指導越來越困難了，此時極其重要的是，這些機會既能幫助年輕人的學業和成績，又能給他們提供可能塑造未來的機會。

　　本句中At a time of...of mentoring為時間狀語，其中where schools are... this kind of mentoring為定語從句，修飾先行詞cutbacks，where在定語從句中作地點狀語，表示抽象概念，意為“在這種資金短缺的情況下”;句中第二個it為形式主語，真正的主語是that引導的從句;which引導的也是定語從句，修飾先行詞opportunities。

　　8

　　[語篇解讀]'本文為夾敘夾議的文章，題材屬於社會生活類。文章闡述了社會分配的方式問題。

　　1.A'細節理解題。根據文章第三段第一、二句可知，這種法則適用於乘公共汽車，但不適用於所有場合，故選A。

　　2.C'細節理解題。第四、五段的例子是為了論證第四段第一句，即分配原則是不確定的，標準是可變的，故選C。

　　3.B'主旨大意題。文章前五段論述了兩種不同的分配方式，即market和queue，最後一段還論述了除上述兩種分配方式以外的其他分配方式。故B項最貼近文意主旨。

　　9

　　[語篇解讀]'本文為議論文，題材屬於社會生活類。本文論述了在人生中要成功，運氣、天賦、家庭環境固然很重要，但一個人首先要樹立目標，然後花大量的時間學習和實踐，堅持努力為自己的目標奮鬥，才能取得真正的成功。

　　1.A'主旨大意題。第一段中的“運氣”“天賦”“家庭環境”等都是指成功的條件或理由，故選A。

　　2.B'詞義猜測題。第二段中的代詞that指代的是前句中的“set a goal and then gradually make it more practical”，故選B。

　　3.D'細節理解題。第三段第一句“This is a big reason why many successful people advise you to do something you love.”中的this就是指代上段的內容，即“one needs to spend at least 10,000 hours studying and practising...that most people won't put in”，所以原因就是要成功需要花費大量的時間。

　　4.B'推理判斷題。由第四段第一句後半句中的“...they have put in a huge part of their life to get there at a huge cost”可推知。

　　5. C'主旨大意題。由第二段開頭的However可知，本文的中心論題不在第一段而在第二段“to succeed in life，one first needs to...needs to...”，再結合最後一段“if you want to become great at it，you need to work day in and day out, almost to the point of addiction, and over a long period of time”，可知本文的主題思想是不花時間和不實踐是不可能取得成功的。

　　10

　　[語篇解讀]'本文為記敘文，題材為節能環保，主要講述“我”和妻子一年的綠色環保行為。

　　1.A'主旨大意題。通讀全文，並根據關鍵句“but for the two of us，going green is not a fad but a lifestyle”和“Our minds have been changed by Our Green Year，”可知文章主要講述“我”和妻子一年的綠色環保行為，故選A項。

　　2.D'推理判斷題。根據第二段最後一句話可知一年365天每天都做一件不同的綠色環保的事情絕非易事，故選D項。

　　3.A'細節理解題。根據第四段可知“我”和妻子在一年的時間裡完全改變了原有的生活方式，代之以綠色環保方式，故選A項。

　　4.B'推理判斷題。根據最後一句話可知“我們”相信“我們”有改變現狀和幫助“我們”的地球的能力，故選B項。