分詞的語態和語態用法分析
以下是小編為大家整理的分詞的時態和語態用法總結,希望能幫助大家更好地認識這個句型,提高英語水平。
分詞的語態:
1***與主語動詞同時,
Arriving there, they found the boy dead. 剛一到那兒,他們就發現那男孩死了。
Hearing the news, he jumped with joy. 聽到這一訊息,他高興得手舞足蹈。
典型例題
The secretary worked late into the night, ___a long speech for the president.
A. to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. was preparing
答案B. 此處沒有連詞,不能選D,否則出現了兩個謂語動詞worked和was preparing。 只能在B,C中選一個。又因前後兩個動作同時發生,且與主語為主動關係,應用現在分詞。
2***先於主動詞
While walking in the garden,he hurt his leg. 在花園裡散步時他傷了腿。
分詞作時間狀語,如果先與主動詞的動作,且強調先後, 要用having done。
Having finished his homework, he went out.
=As he had finished his homework, he went out.
做完作業後,他出去了。
典型例題
___ a reply, he decided to write again.
A. Not receiving B. Receiving not C. Not having received D. Having not received
答案C. 本題考查分詞的時態與分詞的否定式。根據題意判斷,分詞的動作***接信***發生在謂語動詞的動作***決心再寫信***之前,因此用分詞的完成式。分詞的否定式的構成為not +分詞,故選C。該句可理解為:Because he had not received a reply, he decided to write again.
分詞的時態用法分析:
1***通常,現在分詞表示主動,過去分詞表示被動,例如:
He is the man giving you the money. ***= who gave you…***
他就是給你錢的那個人。
He is the man stopped by the car. *** = who was stopped by…***
他就是那個被車攔住的人。
2***不及物動詞的過去分詞表示動作已經發生
gone, fallen, retired, grown-up, escaped, faded, returned
例: a well-read person. 一個讀過許多書的人
a burnt-out match 燒完了的火柴
a much-travelled may 一個去過許多地方的人