英文版的科技文章閱讀

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　　摘抄

　　蘋果釋出最新防監控系統補丁

　　In many cases, the NSO Group had designed its tools to impersonate those of the Red Cross, Facebook, Federal Express, CNN, Al Jazeera, Google and even the Pokemon Company to gain the trust of its targets, according to the researchers.

　　研?a href='//' target='_blank'>咳嗽背疲?芏嗲榭魷攏琋SO集團把自己的工具設計得像紅十字會***Red Cross***、Facebook、聯邦快遞***Federal Express***、CNN、半島電視臺***Al Jazeera***、谷歌***Google***，甚至寶可夢公司***Pokemon Company***的一樣，以便獲取目標的信任。

　　“NSO Group was very professional, and very effective in staying silent,” said Mike Murray, a vice president at Lookout.

　　“NSO集團非常專業，在保持沉默方面也非常有效，”Lookout的副總裁邁克•默裡***Mike Murray***說。

　　In recent years, zero day flaws have been traded among hackers, brokers, companies like the NSO Group, and spy agencies and law enforcement networks eager for ways to break into devices.

　　近年來，零日漏洞在黑客、中間商、NSO集團這樣的公司，和迫切地想要破解裝置的間諜機構與執法網路之間交易。

　　Flaws in Apple’s iOS software are sold at a premium. Last year, a similar zero-day exploit in Apple’s iOS software was sold to Zerodium, a Washington buyer and seller of zero-days, for $1 million.

　　蘋果iOS軟體中的漏洞售價高昂。去年，蘋果iOS軟體中一個類似的零日漏洞被以100萬美元***約合670萬元人民幣***的價格，賣給了華盛頓零日漏洞中間商Zerodium公司。

　　Earlier this year, James Comey, the director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, announced that his agency had paid hackers who found a way for the F.B.I. to crack into an iPhone used by one of the shooters in last year’s mass killings in San Bernardino, Calif. Neither the hackers nor the F.B.I. have told Apple how this was accomplished.

　　今年早些時候，聯邦調查局***Federal Bureau of Investigation，簡稱FBI***局長詹姆斯•科米***James Comey***宣佈，FBI向為其找到破解一部iPhone的辦法的黑客支付了報酬。那部iPhone的主人是去年加州聖貝納迪諾大規模殺人事件中的槍手之一。黑客和FBI均未告訴蘋果公司他們是怎麼做到的。

　　Apple’s software update patches the NSO Group’s exploits, but it is unclear whether the company has patched the vulnerabilities used by the F.B.I. to crack into its iPhone. Apple recently began a “bug bounty” program to pay hackers who report vulnerabilities in its systems.

　　蘋果的軟體更新修復了被NSO集團利用的漏洞，但尚不清楚該公司是否修復了被FBI用來破解那部iPhone的漏洞。最近，蘋果啟動了一個“漏洞獎勵”計劃，出錢讓黑客報告其系統中的漏洞。

　　Among the other NSO targets, besides Mr. Mansoor, were Rafael Cabrera, a Mexican journalist, who broke a story on conflicts of interest among Mexico’s ruling family. In several cases, NSO Group’s tools had been crafted to target users in Yemen, Turkey, Mozambique, Mexico, Kenya and the U.A.E.

　　除曼蘇爾外，NSO的其他目標還包括墨西哥記者拉斐爾•卡布雷拉***Rafael Cabrera***。他寫了一篇揭露墨西哥統治家族中的利益衝突的報道。在幾個案例中，NSO集團製作的工具被用來追蹤葉門、土耳其、莫三比克、墨西哥、肯亞和阿拉伯聯合大公國境內的使用者。

　　Zamir Dahbash, an NSO Group spokesman, said in an email, “The company sells only to authorized governmental agencies, and fully complies with strict export control laws and regulations.”

　　NSO集團的發言人扎米爾•達巴什***Zamir Dahbash***在電子郵件中表示，“本公司只面向獲得授權的政府機構銷售產品，並完全遵守嚴格的出口管控法律規定。”

　　Mr. Dahbash added that NSO Group does not operate any of its systems and requires that its customers use its products in a “lawful manner.” “Specifically,” he said, “the products may only be used for the prevention and investigation of crimes.”

　　達巴什接著表示，NSO集團不操作自己的任何系統，並且要求客戶“合法”使用其產品。“具體來說，”他說。“相關產品僅用於預防和調查犯罪。”

　　He would not say if the software is used by government agencies in the U.A.E. or Mexico.

　　他沒有透露阿拉伯聯合大公國或墨西哥的政府機構是否使用了相關軟體。

　　In 2014, NSO Group sold a majority stake to San Francisco-based private equity firm Francisco Partners Management LLC for $120 million. Francisco Partners declined to comment.

　　2014年，NSO集團將多數股權作價1.2億美元，賣給了總部設在舊金山的私募股權公司Francisco Partners Management LLC。後者拒絕置評。

　　Mr. Mansoor said in an interview that the discoveries were a sad reminder that no matter what he does to protect his devices and digital security, he will continue to be a target for companies that provide this sort of spying technology.

　　曼蘇爾在接受採訪時表示，這些發現令人遺憾，提醒他注意，不管為保護自己的裝置和數字安全採取了何種措施，他依然會成為提供這種間諜技術的公司的目標。

　　“I guess I am their regular customer,” he said. “I am the guinea pig.”

　　“我猜我是他們的老客戶，”他說。“我就是那個試驗物件。”

　　Bill Marczak, the researcher at Citizen Lab who has been helping Mr. Mansoor protect his digital security, said that the surveillance experienced by Mr. Mansoor is likely to expand.

　　一直在幫助曼蘇爾保護其數字安全的“公民實驗室”研究人員比爾•馬爾切克說，曼蘇爾經歷的這種監視可能會擴大。

　　“The targeting of these activists and dissidents is a taste of what’s to come,” Mr. Marczak said. “What they’re facing today will be faced by ordinary users tomorrow.”

　　“針對這些活動人士和異見人士的活動預示著未來的發展趨勢，”馬爾恰克說。“他們今天面臨的情況，普通使用者明天也會遇到。”

　　鑑賞

　　亞馬遜將推出付費音樂流媒體服務

　　Amazon is nearing deals with the world’s largest record labels to launch a subscription musicstreaming service as soon as next month, according to two people familiar with the matter.

　　據兩位知情人士透露，亞馬遜***Amazon***接近與全球各大唱片公司達成交易，最快於下月推出付費音樂流媒體服務。

　　Pandora is also closing in on licensing agreements for an on-demand streaming service, whichthe internet radio provider has said it aims to debut later this year.

　　Pandora也即將獲得點播流媒體服務的許可權協議，這家網際網路廣播提供商表示，計劃在今年晚些時候推出該服務。

　　However, a September launch is unlikely, according to someone close to the company.

　　但據熟悉該公司的人表示，9月推出的可能性不大。

　　Both companies are planning services for $9.99 a month, the price point that has become theindustry standard, putting them in direct competition with Spotify and Apple Music forlisteners.

　　兩家公司均計劃以每月9.99美元——該價位已成為行業標準——的價格推出服務，這令它們要直接與Spotify和Apple Music爭奪聽眾。

　　If the deals go through, Amazon and Pandora will enter a crowded field as the industry looks toreplace years of shrinking album sales with streaming, which has become the dominant formof digital music consumption.

　　如果這些交易成功落實，亞馬遜和Pandora將進入一塊擁擠的領域，該行業正尋求以流媒體來取代多年萎縮的專輯銷售;流媒體已成為數字音樂消費的主要形式。

　　Spotify, Apple, SoundCloud, Deezer, Tidal and Google Play also offer music subscriptions for$9.99 a month, while Vevo has flagged plans to introduce a service later this year.

　　Spotify、蘋果、SoundCloud、Deezer和Google Play也提供音樂訂閱，費用均為每月9.99美元，Vevo表示有計劃在今年晚些時候推出一項服務。

　　Spotify and Apple Music have a clear lead over the competition, with 30m and 15m payingcustomers, respectively.

　　Spotify與Apple Music在這場競爭中擁有明顯的領先優勢，其付費使用者人數分別為3000萬和1500萬。

　　Amazon is likely to pay the music labels royalty rates comparable to those of Apple, accordingto people familiar with the negotiations.

　　據熟悉亞馬遜與唱片公司談判的人士表示，亞馬遜向這些公司支付的版稅很可能與蘋果相當。

　　Apple pays slightly higher rates than Spotify, which pays about 70 per cent of its revenue tomusic rights holders.

　　蘋果支付的版稅略高於Spotify，後者約70%的收入上交給音樂版權持有者。

　　Amazon did not reply to a request for comment.

　　亞馬遜未回覆置評請求。

　　賞析

　　肯德基的祕密配方原來就是這個

　　KFC describes its closely guarded original fried chicken recipe as “one of the biggest trade secrets in the world.” The company says the original handwritten recipe is housed in a 770-pound safe encased in two feet of concrete and guarded by video cameras and motion detectors.

　　肯德基將其嚴密守護的原創炸雞配方稱為“世界上最大的商業祕密之一”。該公司表示，最初的手寫配方被放在一個770磅***約合350公斤***重的保險箱裡，外面還封了兩英尺厚水泥，另有攝像頭和動作探測器監控。

　　It is the Fort Knox of fried chicken.

　　它就是炸雞界的諾克斯堡***Fort Knox，美國國家金庫所在地。——譯註***。

　　Despite all that, the recipe for the spice blend used to prepare the chicken may have been accidentally revealed to a reporter for The Chicago Tribune by Joe Ledington, a nephew of the man who made the recipe famous. The newspaper printed the article, along with what might be the recipe, last week.

　　儘管如此，這個用來醃製雞塊的香料配方有可能已經被喬•萊丁頓***Joe Ledington***無意間洩露給了《芝加哥論壇報》***The Chicago Tribune***的一名記者。喬是讓這個配方出名的人的侄子。上週，這家報紙發表了一篇文章，裡面提到了這個有可能為真的配方。

　　The reporter, Jay Jones, was sent to Corbin, Ky., to write a story for The Tribune’s travel section about the town where the colonel served his first fried chicken.

　　《芝加哥論壇報》記者傑伊•瓊斯***Jay Jones***原本是被派往肯塔基州科爾賓城撰寫一篇有關這個城鎮的旅遊文章。

　　While there, he arranged a meeting with Mr. Ledington, whose uncle, Col. Harland Sanders, founded Kentucky Fried Chicken and was its snowy-haired ambassador.

　　肯德基***Kentucky Fried Chicken***創始人哈蘭•桑德斯***Harland Sanders***上校就是在這裡賣出了自己的第一塊炸雞，如今他白髮蒼蒼的形象成為這個城鎮的一個標誌。在科爾賓期間，瓊斯約見了桑德斯的侄子萊丁頓。

　　Mr. Ledington greeted the reporter with a family scrapbook that he said had belonged to Claudia Ledington, the second wife of Colonel Sanders, who died in 1996.

　　為了對這名記者的到來表示歡迎，萊丁頓讓他瀏覽了一本家族剪貼簿。他說這個剪貼簿原屬於桑德斯上校的第二任妻子克勞迪婭•萊丁頓***Claudia Ledington***，後者於1996年去世。

　　Her last will and testament was stuffed in the back of the scrapbook and its final pages contained a handwritten recipe for a blend of 11 spices, Mr. Jones said.

　　瓊斯表示，剪貼簿的後面有克勞迪婭的遺言和遺囑，最後一頁有一張手寫配方，顯示有11種原料。

　　“That is the original 11 herbs and spices that were supposed to be so secretive,” Mr. Ledington told the reporter, later adding that as a boy his job in the family business was to mix the spice blend in a tub on the roof of the garage.

　　“那是最初的配方里使用的11種香草和香料，這是要保密的，”萊丁頓對記者說道。後來，他還提到他小時候在家族企業裡的工作，就是在車庫屋頂上用一個盆子調配這些原料。

　　“The main ingredient is white pepper,” Mr. Ledington told the newspaper. “I call that the secret ingredient. Nobody knew what white pepper was. Nobody knew how to use it” in the 1950s, he said.

　　“主要原料是白胡椒，”萊丁頓對這家報紙講道。“我把它叫作神祕配料，”他說。50年代的時候，“沒人知道什麼是白胡椒。也沒人知道怎麼用。”

　　In a later phone interview, The Tribune said, Mr. Ledington walked back his claim, saying he had never shown the recipe to a reporter before and did not “know for sure” if it was as authentic as he first said. He did not respond to a phone message on Wednesday requesting an interview.

　　《芝加哥論壇報》表示，在後來又接受電話採訪時，萊丁頓推翻了原來的說法，稱自己從來沒有給一名記者看過配方，也不“確定”這個配方是不是真的。他沒有迴應時報週三以語音留言形式發出的採訪請求。

　　Kentucky Fried Chicken takes any threat to its secret recipe very seriously, and in the past has sued to keep it under wraps.

　　肯德基對其祕方受到的任何威脅都慎重以待，以前為了保密曾提起訴訟。

　　In an email on Wednesday, a spokeswoman for Yum! Brands, the corporate parent of KFC, which is based in Louisville, Ky., said the recipe contained in Ms. Ledington’s will was incorrect.

　　週三，肯德基的母公司百勝餐飲集團***Yum! Brands***的發言人在一封郵件中表示，萊丁頓的遺囑中包含的配方是不正確的。百勝的總部位於肯塔基州的路易斯維爾。

　　“Many people have made these claims over the years and no one has been accurate — this one isn’t either,” the company said in a statement.

　　“多年來，很多人都這樣說過——但沒有一張配方是正確的，這張也不例外，”該公司在一份宣告中表示。

　　So, how do you make Colonel Sanders’s secret spice blend? The world may never know. In the meantime, here is the recipe that the colonel’s nephew showed The Chicago Tribune:

　　那麼，如何配製桑德斯上校的祕密調料呢?公眾或許永遠也不會知道。不過，這裡有一份上校的侄子展示給《芝加哥論壇報》的配方：

　　11 spices — mix with 2 cups white flour

　　11種調料與兩杯麵粉相混合

　　2/3 tablespoon salt

　　三分之二匙鹽

　　1/2 tablespoon thyme

　　半匙百里香

　　1/2 tablespoon basil

　　半匙羅勒

　　1/3 tablespoon oregano

　　三分之一匙牛至

　　1 tablespoon celery salt