英語長篇文章閱讀帶翻譯

　　閱讀是人們通過語篇瞭解外部世界並且獲得資訊的一種重要方式。隨著科學技術的蓬勃發展,閱讀的重要性越來越明顯。下面是小編帶來的，歡迎閱讀!

　　1

　　女效能頂國際政治半邊天的時代

　　“We’ve had enough of these boys messing about.” This is what Anna Soubry, UK’s former business minister, said earlier last month, offering her backing of Theresa May in the running to become the UK’s next prime minister.

　　“我們受夠了這些男生們的搗亂了。”英國前商務大臣安娜•索布里在上月早些時候如是說道，對於特蕾莎•梅參選下一任英國首相表示支援。

　　Soubry was indicating that it was time for women to step up to “clear up the mess created by the men”.

　　索布里指出，是時候讓女性們走到臺前，收拾這些男性們製造出來的混亂了。

　　Women are starting to take power in more and more important positions in recent years.

　　近幾年，女性在職場中逐漸身居要職。

　　According to a new list compiled by Agence France Presse AFP, the world’s 10 most powerful women who made their way above the “glass ceiling”–the invisible barrier that keeps women from rising beyond a certain level in hierarchy

　　法新社最近就列出了突破“玻璃天花板”在社會階層中阻礙女性晉升的無形壁壘的世界十大女強人，

　　includes the US’ first female presidential nominee Hillary Clinton, head of the US Federal Reserve Janet Yellen, and Director-General of the World Health Organization, Margaret Chan.

　　美國首位女性總統候選人希拉里•克林頓、美國聯邦儲備委員會主席珍妮特•耶倫，世界衛生組織總幹事陳馮富珍都位列其中。

　　There is something interesting with the AFP list though: A majority of the 10 women are over 60, the rough age when some women become grandmothers.

　　在法新社給出的榜單中，一個很有趣的現象是：在這10位女性中，大部分人都年過六旬，正是一些人當祖母的年紀。

　　In fact, this might be the best proof of how aging–a factor that has always been considered as a disadvantage, especially for women–has begun to turn into an edge, for women.

　　事實上，這或許能最好地證明，上了年紀逐漸成為女性的一大優勢。而在過去，這一直被認為是一項劣勢，尤其對於女性而言。

　　According to The Atlantic, the reasons behind the phenomenon may include that today’s older women are better educated and experienced than any generations before.

　　據美國《大西洋月刊》報道，這種現象背後的原因在於，如今這些年長的女性，或許比以往任何一代人都更有經驗，受過更好的教育。

　　It is also because of society’s changing perceptions about what women can achieve–after being held back in their middle age years raising kids and running domestic lives, older women are now more likely to start again instead of retiring into a peaceful life of cooking and gardening.

　　這也源於整個社會在女性成就的觀念上有所改變——在度過了照顧孩子和操持家務的忙碌中年後，如今的年長女性更願意重新開始自己的事業，而不是賦閒在家，享受做飯、養花的退休生活。

　　Also, according to the UK’s Conservative peer, Baroness Jenkin of Kennington, people are growing to be more trusting toward female leaders compared to their male counterparts, especially during periods of instability.

　　除此之外，英國保守黨人，肯寧頓的詹金男爵夫人還認為，和男性領導人相比，現在的人們對於女性領導人更為信任，尤其在動盪時期。

　　“They feel that at a time of turmoil, a woman will be more practical and a bit less testosterone in their approach.

　　“人們認為，在動盪時期女性會更為務實，而在行為方式上，也會更少地被男性激素所影響。

　　More collaborative, more willing to listen to voices around the table, less likely to have an instantly aggressive approach to things,” she told The Guardian.

　　女性會更願意合作，願意去傾聽周圍的聲音，而不太會採取一些激進的手段，”她在接受英國《衛報》採訪時表示。

　　In fact, this changing atmosphere in gender equality is spreading all over the world and across women of all ages.

　　事實上，這種在性別平等方面有所改變的社會風尚，已經擴散到了世界各地各個年齡層的女性當中。

　　In the just-ended Rio Olympics, for example, among the 121 medals under the belt of the US team, 55 were won by men while 61 were captured by women. The rest five were in mixed events.

　　比如，在剛剛結束的里約奧運會上，美國代表隊將121塊獎牌收入囊中。其中，55塊獎牌由男性摘得，61塊獎牌由女性斬獲，而剩下的5塊則在男女混合專案中獲得。

　　When US gymnast Simone Biles sealed four golds and a bronze, she said, “I’m not the next Usain Bolt or Michael Phelps. I’m the first Simone Biles.”

　　美國體操女運動員西蒙•拜爾斯在囊括了四枚金牌和一枚銅牌後說道，“我不是下一位尤塞恩•博爾特或是邁克爾•菲爾普斯。我是第一位西蒙•拜爾斯。”

　　2

　　姍姍來遲的蘋果中國研發中心

　　Until recently, Apple research and development centres never fell far from the tree. The group still does no significant research and development outside the US. Its head office in Cupertino keeps a strong hold on the core design of its products.

　　直到最近，蘋果Apple的研發中心從未與總部相隔太遠。該集團目前依然沒有重要的研發工作放在美國之外。蘋果在庫比蒂諾Cupertino的總部依然牢牢掌控著其產品的核心設計。

　　Last week, though, chief executive Tim Cook said Apple planned to open a research centre in China, where its products are made, rather than researched or developed. He has strong commercial reasons to plant more Apple flags.

　　然而，蘋果執行長蒂姆•庫克Tim Cook上週表示，蘋果計劃在中國設立一個研究中心。蘋果的產品在中國製造，但卻不是在中國研究或者開發出來的。從商業角度而言，庫克有充分理由在更多地方插上蘋果的旗幟。

　　Apple sales in China have been dented by local rivals such as Huawei. Mr Cook’s announcement came while he met vice premier Zhang Gaoli — a reminder that R&D centres punch above their weight politically.

　　蘋果在華銷售遭到華為Huawei等中國本土競爭對手的蠶食。庫克是在和中國副張高麗會面時宣佈此事的——這提醒人們，從政治角度而言，研發中心具有超乎其本身的重要性。

　　Foreign investors do not have to commit much money or employ many scientists to build an R&D hub, but the suggestion that they detect some magical innovation-fertiliser in the local water is like catnip to politicians.

　　外國投資者不必投入太多錢或僱傭太多科學家就能建立一個研發中心，但是，外國投資者在當地水土中發現了某種神奇“創新肥料”的跡象，對政治人士而言就像貓薄荷之於貓一樣有巨大的吸引力。

　　In return for handing over the keys to land, granting planning permission and even ladling on subsidies, the mayor or minister briefly gets to look as clever as the people the new R&D hub will hire.

　　市長或者部長移交土地使用權、授予規劃許可、甚至是大量提供補貼，作為回報，他們在短時間裡能夠顯得像新研發中心將要僱傭的那些人一樣聰明。

　　The question in Apple’s case is what took it so long?

　　就蘋果而言，令人不解的問題是它為何花了這麼長時間才做出這一決定呢?

　　Multinationals’ habit of setting up research centres abroad is more than 50 years old, and international companies’ interest in setting down research roots in developing countries dates at least to the early 2000s.

　　跨國公司在海外設立研究中心的慣用做法可以追溯到50多年前，而跨國企業在發展中國家設立研究分支的興趣至少可以追溯到2000年代初。

　　When IBM wanted to establish a non-US R&D centre in the 1950s, it sent an engineer called Arthur Samuel to scout sites in Europe.

　　上世紀50年代，IBM想要在美國以外建立一個研發中心，於是派出一個名叫阿瑟•塞繆爾Arthur Samuel的工程師在歐洲尋覓合適的地點。

　　Samuel described the London suburbs he visited as “the most dismal places that I have ever seen”. He was drawn instead to Zurich by its “proximity to talent”.

　　塞繆爾把他到訪的倫敦郊區稱為“我見過的最差勁的地方”。相反，“接近人才”的蘇黎世吸引了他。

　　This remains among the most popular reasons for companies’ choice of foreign R&D locations, according to fDi Markets, the Financial Times’ cross-border investment research service.

　　英國《金融時報》旗下跨境投資研究服務機構fDi Markets的研究表明，這一點依然是企業將某個地點選為海外研發中心地址的原因中最普遍的一個。

　　IBM’s Swiss facility fostered four Nobel laureates but R&D strategy has since evolved to put fast-growing markets and customers closer to the centre.

　　IBM的瑞士研發中心培養了4名諾貝爾獎得主，但此後研發中心的選址策略轉變為讓研發中心更靠近快速發展的市場和客戶。

　　Jaideep Prabhu of Cambridge’s Judge Business School says Apple might have held back from China so far because of worries about intellectual property leaking into a market notorious for knock-offs of its flagship products.

　　英國劍橋大學Cambridge嘉治商學院Judge Business School的賈伊迪普•普拉布Jaideep Prabhu表示，蘋果一直到現在才決定在中國設立研發中心的原因，可能是蘋果擔憂其智慧財產權會洩露——中國是一個因為“山寨”蘋果旗艦產品而聲名狼藉的市場。

　　But when he studied the research centre phenomenon in the mid-2000s, he found many large companies were already challenging the idea that R&D was “too important to be offshored”.

　　但當他研究了2000年代中期的研發中心現象後，他發現很多大公司已經在挑戰這一觀念，即研發“太重要，以至於不能設在海外”。

　　The quality of skilled local researchers was the main attraction of Bangalore or Shanghai. The fact they could be hired for much less than in New York or Silicon Valley added to the allure.

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　　3

　　WhatsApp將允許企業向用戶推送訊息

　　WhatsApp is changing its privacy policy to allow businesses to message its billion-plus users, opening up a potential revenue stream for the Facebook-owned app.

　　WhatsApp將要改變其隱私政策，允許企業向其10多億使用者傳送訊息，為這家Facebook旗下應用開闢一條潛在收入來源。

　　The policy shake-up — the first since it was acquired by Facebook in early 2014 — will allow companies to send messages that many people now receive by SMS.

　　這是自WhatsApp自2014年初被Facebook收購以後首次進行的重大政策變動，該決定將允許企業向許多現在通過簡訊SMS接受訊息的人傳送訊息。

　　WhatsApp plans to test these new services, such as fraud alerts from banks and updates from airlines on delayed flights, in the next few months.

　　WhatsApp計劃在接下來幾個月測試這些新服務，比如銀行發出的欺詐警報，航空公司更新航班延誤。

　　But the company said it would not put so-called banner adverts in messages.

　　但該公司表示不會把所謂的橫幅廣告放在訊息裡。

　　It reiterated that its end-to-end encryption meant it did not have access to the content of messages nor did it regularly store metadata on who contacts whom.

　　WhatsApp重申，其端到端加密意味著它看不到訊息內容，它也不會常態化儲存有關誰在跟誰聯絡的元資料。

　　“We want to explore ways for you to communicate with businesses that matter to you, while still giving you an experience without third-party banner ads and spam,” it said in a blog post.

　　WhatsApp在一篇部落格中表示：“我們希望探索各種方式，讓你同對你重要的企業保持溝通，同時仍然給你一種沒有第三方橫幅廣告或垃圾資訊的體驗。”

　　The new privacy policy will allow Facebook’s main app to use the phone number a user provides to WhatsApp to allow marketers to target advertisements.

　　新的隱私政策將允許Facebook的主要應用使用使用者提供給WhatsApp的電話號碼，允許營銷者投放定向廣告。

　　The number used by WhatsApp will become part of an existing database that can be anonymously matched with companies’ own customer lists to create an audience to show a particular marketing message.

　　WhatsApp的使用者電話號碼將成為現有資料庫的一部分，該資料庫可以與企業自有客戶名單進行匿名匹配，從而創造一個受眾群體，可向其展示特定營銷資訊。

　　Facebook will also be able to use the number to suggest friends to add and to track whether a user has both WhatsApp and the Facebook app on their phone.

　　Facebook也將可以使用這一號碼建議新增朋友，或追蹤一位使用者是否在手機上同時裝有WhatsApp和Facebook應用。

　　This is the first time that WhatsApp has shared any user data with its parent.

　　這是WhatsApp首次與母公司共享使用者資料。

　　When Facebook acquired WhatsApp for $22bn, some feared that the social network would change the privacy policy, mine its data or start showing adverts to users in their messaging stream.

　　當Facebook以220億美元收購WhatsApp時，就有人擔心這家社交網路會改變隱私政策，挖掘其資料，或開始在訊息流中向用戶顯示廣告。

　　“Your encrypted messages stay private and no one else can read them. Not WhatsApp, not Facebook, nor anyone else,” the WhatsApp blog post said.

　　WhatsApp在部落格中表示：“您的資訊仍會被加密並保持私密，沒有人包括 WhatsApp、Facebook或其他人可以讀取內容。

　　“We won’t post or share your WhatsApp number with others, including on Facebook, and we still won’t sell, share, or give your phone number to advertisers.”

　　我們不會與包括Facebook在內的其他平臺共享或釋出您的WhatsApp電話號碼，我們亦不會將您的電話號碼出售、提供給廣告商，或與其共享。”