傑克森

美利堅邦聯(Confederate States of America)，亦稱Confederacy。

美國南北戰爭時期，脫離聯邦的南方十一個州所組成的政府。在林肯當選總統（1860）後，大南方的七個州（阿拉巴馬、佛羅里達、喬治亞、路易斯安那、密西西比、南卡羅來納和德克薩斯）由於以奴隸制為基礎的生活方式受到威脅，相繼脫離聯邦。接著，南方的另外四個州（阿肯色、北卡羅來納、田納西和維吉尼亞）也加入了美利堅邦聯。1861年2月在阿拉巴馬州蒙哥馬利成立臨時政府，翌年又在里奇蒙成立永久政府。美利堅邦聯的總統為戴維斯，副總統為史蒂芬斯。諸州聯盟的主要目的是保護州權和確立奴隸制度，主要的職責是招兵。美利堅邦聯認為特產棉花可以使聯邦政府和歐洲各國給予外交上的承認。但是，英、法等歐洲國家不予理睬。在南北戰爭頭兩年，美利堅邦聯軍隊節節勝利。自從聯邦軍在蓋茨堡和維克斯堡兩地告捷（1863年7月）以後，美利堅邦聯即失去勝利的希望。1865年4月9日李將軍在維吉尼亞州投降。不久，美利堅邦聯瓦解。

English version：

Confederate States of America

Government of the 11 Southern states that seceded from the Union in 1860-61 until its defeat in the American Civil War in 1865. In the months following Abraham Lincoln's election as president in 1860,seven states of the Deep South (Alabama,Florida,Georgia,Louisiana,Mississippi,South Carolina,and Texas) seceded. After the attack on Fort Sumter in April 1861,Arkansas,North Carolina,Tennessee,and Virginia joined them. The government was directed by Jefferson Davis as president,with Alexander H. Stephens as vice president. Its principal goals were the preservation of states' rights and the institution of slavery. The government's main concern was raising and maintaining an army. It counted on the influence of King Cotton to exert financial and diplomatic pressure on the Union from sympathetic European governments. Battlefield victories for the South in 1861-62 gave the Confederacy the moral strength to continue fighting,but from 1863 dwindling finances and battlefield reverses increasingly led to demoralization. The surrender at Appomattox by Gen. Robert E. Lee precipitated its dissolution.