麻薩諸塞

海明威(1899～1961年)

Hemingway,Ernest (Miller)

美國小說家。中學畢業後開始當記者。第一次世界大戰時，在擔任救護車司機時受傷。後來成為僑居巴黎的一批著名美國作家之一，不久他開始過著旅行、滑雪、釣魚和打獵的生活，這些都可在他的作品中看出來。1925年出版短篇小說集《在我們的時代》，翌年即接著出版小說《妾似朝陽又照君》。後來的小說包括《戰地春夢》（1929）和《有的和沒有的》（1937）。他畢生喜愛西班牙（包括著迷於鬥牛運動），在西班牙內戰時，他還以記者身分前往工作，這段經歷促其寫成小說《戰地鐘聲》（1940）。其他短篇故事集包括《沒有女人的男人》（1927）、《勝者一無所獲》（1933）和《第五縱隊》（1938）。約自1940年起，他開始定居於古巴，即中篇小說《老人與海》（1952，獲普立茲獎）的背景地。1954年獲諾貝爾文學獎。1959年古巴革命後，海明威離開古巴，一年後，精神沮喪和生病，最後用獵槍自殺。死後出版了他早年在巴黎練習寫作的《流動的饗宴》（1964）。此後幾十年，許多英美作家深受其早期簡潔精煉的詩詞風格的影響。

English version：

1899～1961年

Hemingway,Ernest (Miller)

U.S. writer. Born in Oak Park,Ill.,he began work as a journalist after high school. He was wounded while serving as an ambulance driver in World War I. He later became part of a famous group of expatriate writers in Paris,and soon embarked on a life of travel,skiing,fishing,and hunting that would be reflected in his work. His story collection In Our Time (1925) was followed by the novel The Sun Also Rises (1926). Later novels included A Farewell to Arms (1929) and To Have and Have Not (1937). His lifelong love for Spain (including a fascination with bullfighting) led to his working as a correspondent during the Spanish Civil War,which resulted in the novel For Whom the Bell Tolls (1940). Other short-story collections include Men Without Women (1927),Winner Take Nothing (1933),and The Fifth Column (1938). He lived primarily in Cuba from c. 1940,the locale of his novella The Old Man and the Sea (1952,Pulitzer Prize). He was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1954. He left Cuba shortly after its 1959 revolution; a year later,depressed and ill,he shot himself. A Moveable Feast (1964) is a posthumously published Paris memoir. The succinct and concentrated prose style of his early works strongly influenced many British and American writers for decades.

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