情緒

黎巴嫩內戰(1975～1991年)

Lebanese civil war

衝突源起於1970年代巴勒斯坦解放組織的出現，並因為黎巴嫩基督教與回教人士的緊張情勢而加劇。1975年黎巴嫩回教徒支援巴勒斯坦解放組織並尋求更多的政治權力；該國的基督教徒設法維持他們的政治主導權而反對巴勒斯坦解放組織。教派間強烈的對抗從1976年初展開，黎巴嫩因為基督教徒在北方握有實權，回教徒則在南方，所以該國實質上已變成分裂狀態。以色列在1982年入侵黎巴嫩南部摧毀巴勒斯坦人的基地；巴勒斯坦解放組織的領袖和軍隊被驅離貝魯特城外，到了1985年，以色列從黎巴嫩大部分地區撤離，接著因為是否接受敘利亞領導政權而產生內部分裂。1989年基督教領袖米凱奧恩（Michel Aoun）將軍試圖將敘利亞人逐出黎巴嫩，但被擊敗，而阿拉伯聯盟調解達成一項和平協議；他在1990年被罷黜，為1989年的和平協議除去最大的障礙。在黎巴嫩南部，以色列與希茲布拉族人部隊之間的戰鬥，一直持續到1990年代。

English version：

1975～1991年

Lebanese civil war

Conflict resulting from the presence in Lebanon in the 1970s of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) and exacerbated by tensions among Lebanon's Christian and Muslim populations. In 1975 Lebanon's Muslims supported the PLO and sought more political power; its Christians,seeking to maintain their political dominance,opposed the PLO. The factions fought fiercely through early 1976,and Lebanon became effectively partitioned,with the Christians in power in the north and Muslims in the south. Israel invaded southern Lebanon in 1982 to destroy Palestinian bases; PLO leaders and troops were driven out of Beirut,and by 1985 Israel had withdrawn from most of Lebanon,which by then was split internally over whether to accept Syria's leadership. In 1989 the Christian leader Gen. Michel Aoun attempted to drive Syria from Lebanon but was defeated,and the Arab League mediated a peace deal; his removal from power in 1990 eliminated the largest obstacle to implementing the 1989 peace. In southern Lebanon,fighting between Israeli and Hizbullah forces continued through the 1990s.