人教版英語必修一知識點

  英語是高中的基礎學科,那麼必修一英語都有哪些知識點呢?接下來小編為你整理了,一起來看看吧。

  :陳述句的變化規則

  直接引語如果是陳述句,變為間接引語時,用連詞that可省略引導,從句中的人稱、時態、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語都要發生相應的變化。

  人稱的變化——人稱的變化主要是要理解句子的意思

  例:1. He said, “ I like it very much.” → He said that he liked it very much.

  2. He said to me, “I’v left my book in yourroom.”

  → He told me that he had left his book in my room.

  時態的變化

直接引語

間接引語

一般現在時

一般過去時

現在進行時

過去進行時

現在完成時

過去完成時

一般過去時

過去完成時

一般將來時

過去將來時

過去完成時

過去完成時

  例:

  “I don’t want to set down a series of factsin a diary,” said Anne.

  →Anne said that she didn’t want to set down a series offacts in a diary.

  The boy said, “I’m using a knife.”

  → The boy said that he was using a knife.

  ▲注意:如果直接引語是客觀真理,變為間接引語時,時態不變,如:

  He said, “Light travels much faster thansound.”

  He said that light travels much faster thansound.

  指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語和動詞的變化

直接引語

間接引語

this

that

these

those

now

then

ago

before/earlier

today

that day

yesterday

the day before

tomorrow

the next/following day

the day after tomorrow

In two day’s time

come

go

here

there

the day before yesterday

two days before/earlier

  :疑問句的變化規則

  如果直接引語是疑問句,變為間接引語時要把疑問句語序變為陳述句語序,句末用句號。

  一般疑問句:如果直接引語是一般疑問句,變為間接引語時,謂語動詞是say或said時,要改為ask 或asked,原問句變為由if/whether引導的賓語從句。例:

  “Do you think a diary can become your friend?”the writer says.

  → The writer asks us if we think a diary can become ourfriend.

  2 特殊疑問句:如果間接引語是特殊疑問句,變為間接引語時,仍用原來的引導詞,但疑問句要變為陳述句。例:

  “What do you want?” he asked me.

  → He asked me what I wanted

  :定語從句

  概念:在複合句中,修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語從句。

  成分:先行詞,即被定語從句修飾的名詞或代詞;關係代詞:that,which,who賓格為whom,所有格為whose;或者關係副詞where,when,why等。關係代詞或關係副詞處在先行詞和定語從句之間,起著連線主從句的作用。

  1.關係代詞that的用法

  關係代詞that在定語從句中既能指人,也能指物;既能做主語,也能做賓語

  例:1A plane is a machine that can fly. 指物,作主語

  2The noodles that I cooked were delicious.指物,作賓語

  3Who is the man that is reading a book overthere? 指人,作主語

  4The girl that we saw yesterday was Jim’ssister,指人,作賓語

  2. 關係代詞which的用法

  關係代詞which在定語從句中只能指物,但既可以做賓語也能作主語

  例:1They planted some trees which didn’t needmuch water. 作主語

  2The fish which we bought this morningwere not fresh. 作賓語

  3. 關係代詞who,whom的用法

  關係代詞who,whom只能指人,在定語從句中分別作主語和賓語

  例:1The foreigner who helped us yesterday isfrom USA.作主語

  2The person to whom you just talked to isMr. Li. 作賓語、

  4. 關係代詞whose在的用法

  關係代詞whose為關係代詞who的所有格形式,其先行詞既可以是人也可以是物,whose和它所修飾的名詞在定語從句中既可以做主語也可以做賓語。

  例:1This is the scientist whose name is known all over theworld. 指人,作主語

  2 The roomwhose window faces south is mine. 指物,作主語

  3He has written a book whose name I’veforgotten. 指物,作賓語

  5. 關係副詞when的用法

  關係副詞when在定語從句中作時間狀語

  例:1I’ll neverforget the time when =during which we worked on the farm.

  2 Do you remember the afternoon when =onwhich we first met three years ago?

  6.關係副詞where在定語從句中的用法

  關係副詞where在定語從句中做地點狀語

  例:1This is the place where =at/ in which wefirst met.

  2 The hotel where = in which we stayed wasn’t very clean.

  7.關係副詞why在定語從句中的用法

  關係副詞why在定語從句中作原因狀語

  例: 1. I didn’t get a pay rise, but this wasn’t thereason why= for which I left.

  2. The reason why =for which he has late was that he missed thetrain.