高一英語必修一知識點語法
英語語法的學習是英語語言學習的基礎,語法一直是高中英語教學的一個難點,那麼高一必修一的英語你掌握了多少了呢?接下來小編為你整理了,一起來看看吧。
:able用法
1. 表示“有能力的”、“能幹的”,可用作表語或定語。如:
He is an able manager. 他是位有能力的經理。
He is old but still able. 他雖年老,但仍有很能幹。
2. 用於 be able to do sth***能或會做做某事***。如:
He is able to speak English. 他會說英語。
Everyone here is able to type. 這兒的每一個人都會打字。
He will be able to get about in a week or two. 再過一兩個星期左右他就能走動了。
He studied hard and was able to pass his examinations. 他學習很努力,所以考試及了格。
注:be able to 不僅有多種時態形式***通常不用於進行時或與 be going to 連用***,而且還可以與某些情態動詞連用***通常不與 can 連用***,甚至還可以有非謂語形式。如:
Since his accident he hasn’t been able to leave the house. 自出事之後,他一直未能離開家。
You might be able to persuade him. 你也許能夠說服他。
I hope to be able to do the work. 我希望能幹得了這項工作。
I regret not being able to help her. 我很遺憾未能幫助她。
3. able 的比較級和最高階通常是 abler 和 ablest,也可以是 more able 和 most able,有時還可用 betterable和best able。如:
You are better able to do it than I ***am***. 你比我更有能力做這件事。
She’s the person best able to cope. 她是個最能妥善處理問題的人。
4. 若要加強語氣,其前除可very, quite, perfectly等修飾外,有時還可用well修飾。如:
He is quite [well] able to take care of himself. 他完全有能力照顧自己。
He’s a very able student; he’s just too lazy. 他是個很有能力的學生,只是太懶了。
若受just, only just修飾,則表示“只能”“僅能”。如:
I was just able to make out a dark figure in the distance. 我只能看見遠處有個黑影。
5. able的反義詞是unable***不能的,不會的***,不是disable,後者是動詞,其意為“使殘廢”“使無能力”。比較:
They were unable to reach a decision. 他們沒法做出決定。
Now that he was disabled, his house had become a prison to him. 因為他殘廢了,他的房子就成了他的牢籠。
:admit用法
一、表示“承認”
1. admit一般為及物動詞,直接跟賓語;表示向某人承認用介詞 to。如: He admitted his mistake. 他承認了他的錯誤。
He admitted to the teacher that he was wrong. 他向老師承認他錯了。 This meant admitting defeat. 這就意味著承認失敗了。 但有時也用作不及物動詞,此時一般後接介詞to。如:
He admitted to the murder. 他供認了謀殺罪。
He admitted to having taken the money. 他承認拿了那筆錢。
由於 admit 表示“承認”可用作及物動詞或不及物動詞,所以上面各例中的介詞 to 有時也可省略。
2. admit
She admitted having read the letter. 她承認讀過這封信。
I admit breaking the window. 我承認打破了窗子。
3. admit可後接帶不定式的複合賓語,但其中的不定式通常應是 to be。如: They admitted him to be mad. 他們承認他瘋了。
You must admit the task to be difficult. 你們得承認任務是艱鉅的。 偶爾接其它形式的複合賓語。如:
He admitted himself a failure. 他承認失敗。
He admitted himself beaten. 他承認輸了。
4. 有時用於插入語中。如:
This, I admit, was wrong. 我承認這錯了。
二、表示“允許進入”“使能進入”
1. admit通常只用作及物動詞。如:
This ticket admits one person only. 此券只准一人入場。
There were no windows to admit air. 沒有窗子可使空氣流入。 可用於引申義,表示允許進入某一組織、機構、學校、團體等。如: They admitted him to [into] their organization. 他們接受他參加了他們的組織。 How many students have been admitted into the school this year? 今年這所學校有多少學生入學?
試比較 ***注意介詞不同***:
He was admitted to [into] the Party. 他被吸收入黨。
He was admitted as a Party member. 他被接納為黨員。
2. 往往含有動態意味,所以一般不與 enter, go in 之類的詞連用。如:
他開啟門讓我進了屋。
正:He opened the door and admitted me into the house.
誤:He opened the door and admitted me to enter into the house.
三、用於 admit of
admit of為習語,意為“容許”“有……的可能”“有……的餘地”***此時句子主語通常是物而不是人***。如:
The matter admits of no delay. 這事刻不容緩。
The word admits of no other meaning in the case. 這個詞在此例中不可能有別的意思。
四、兩個派生詞的用法
1. admission n. 進入,入場 ***不可數***;承認 ***可數,但通常只用作單數***。如: No admission without tickets. 無票不準進入。
Admission to [into] the school is by examination only. 進入該校學習必須通過考試。 He made an admission that he was a thief. 他供認他是小偷。
2. admittance n. 進入 ***不可數***。有時可與 admission 互換,但不如 admission 常用。
:afford用法
afford:[ ə'fɔ:d ]
v.提供,供應得起,給予
詞形變化:
動詞過去式:afforded 過去分詞:afforded 現在分詞:affording 第三人稱單數:affords
例句與用法:
1.I can't afford a holiday this summer.
今年夏天我無法度假.
2.These trees afford a pleasant shade.
這些樹提供了蔭涼.
3.We would give more examples if we could afford the space.
假如我們能勻出篇幅來,就可以多舉些例子了.
4.I'd love to go on holiday but I can't afford the time.
我倒想去度假,可是抽不出時間來.
5.Television affords pleasure to many.
電視給很多人帶來樂趣.
6.They walked because they couldn't afford ***to take*** a taxi.
他們因為坐不起計程車而步行.
7.You can ill afford to criticize others when you behave so badly yourself.
本身行為不正,則不宜批評別人.
8.You can't afford ***ie are not in a position to spend*** 90.
你可不能花90英鎊.
動詞afford:
1.be able to spare or give up
2.be the cause or source of
同義詞:yield,give
3.have the financial means to do something or buy something
4.afford access to
同義詞:open,give
afford 是付得起的意思
afford to do 是付得起做某事
通常和can,can't ,be able to 連用