初二上冊英語知識點
英語知識點的掌握在英語學習中是必不可少的。以下是小編為大家整理的，希望對大家的學習有幫助!
：
1、如有always ,often, usually, sometimes, seldom, never, once a....,every...用一般現在時，第一、二人稱複數後跟動詞原形，第三人稱單數後跟動詞加's'/'es'。
2、如有now ,look! ,listen, at the moment ....用現在進行時，結構是be ***am, is, are*** +v-ing
3、如有tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, from now on, in +一段時間, some day, next....用一般將來時，結構：will + v原 \ be going to +v原***沒有動詞用be ***
4、如有yesterday, ......ago , last....just now.....用一般過去時動詞加ed
give sb. Sth.=give sth. to sb. 給某人某物 every day每天,
write down 寫下，記下write it ***them*** down everyday每天的，日常的,
how about doing sth.=what about doing sth.做....怎麼樣 each other 互相.
thanks a lot= thank you very much非常謝謝
回答That's all right. =You're welcome.= That'OK.= It's my pleasure.=Not at all.Why don't you+V原...=why not+...V原 為什麼不
help sb. with sth. 在某方面幫助別人 help sb. ***to ***do sth.幫助某人做某事
with one's help=with the help of sb.在某人的幫助help oneself to sth.請自用食物
watch sb. do sth. 看到某人做了某事，***現在沒有做，做過***
watch sb. doing sth.看到某人正在做某事***正在做***see, hear類似
remember to do sth.想起記得要做某事，未做事 remember doing sth.相起記得做過某事
forget to do sth. 忘記要做某事 forget doing sth.忘記做過某事
welcome back歡迎回來 , new term新學期
this term這學期 , next term 下學學期,
last term上學期, give you some advice給你一些建議
why not 為什麼不, make a mistake=make mistakes犯錯誤
correct spelling正確的拼寫, what else?=what other things? 還有什麼
a piece of advice 一條建議, follow /take one's advice採用別人的建議,
send sth to sb.=send sb. sth. 寄給某人 send for派人去請/取
send up發射. all the time一直
enjoy oneself=have a good time=have a great time=have fun, 玩得愉快
lots of =a lot of =many***可數***\much***不可數***許多 , ,
spend : sb. spend some time on sth.某人花費時間做某事
sb. spend some time ***in*** doing sth. 某人花費時間做某事
Sb. spend some money on sth. 某人花費錢買某物
Sb. spend some money ***in*** buying sth.某人花費錢買某物
Cost: sth. cost sb. some money 某物花去某人錢
pay: sb. pay some money for sth. 某人支付錢
Take: It takes ***took*** sb.some time to do sth.做某事花去某人時間
ask for 請求，要求, ask sb. for sth.向某人要某物
ask sb. to do sth.要求某人做某事 a piece of一塊
enjoy doing sth喜歡做某事.finish,practise, mind, miss ,consider,keep, continue,這些詞語後跟動名詞形式V-ing
place sth.in =put sth. in 把某物放在…裡面
else常修飾不定代詞，關係代詞或副詞，也可修飾all, much,little等，else要位於其後。所有格為else's.
take a deep breath深呼吸, catch\hold one's breath屏住呼吸,
out of breath上氣不接下氣, wish sb. to do sth.希望某人做某事,
the number of …的數目，後跟名詞複數，動詞用三單, a number of =many,大量，許多後跟名詞複數，動詞用複數形式。a large number of， a small number of ,
invite sb.to do sth. 邀請某人做某事 find+ it+ adj+to do sth.發現做某事怎麼樣
try to do sth.盡力做事 try doing sth. 嘗試做某事
try not to do sth .盡力不做某事 try one's best盡某人最大的努力,
a group of 一組，一群, borrow sth from sb.從某人處借入某物,
lend sth.to sb=lend sb.sth.借給某人某物 keep借一段時間
practice doing sth.,練習做做某事 come from=be from來自,
look for 尋找, look after=care for=take care of照顧
look up 向上看，查閱, look like看起來像,
look at 看著, look on sb. as把某人看作,
look forward to doing sth. 盼望，期待做某事 look over檢查，翻閱 ,
look out當心，向外看 , look through仔細檢視,
be ready for =get ready for=prepare for為…, be ready準備好 ,
be ***get *** ready to do sth.準備做某事，樂意做某事
translate…into… 將…譯成…，
take a message捎個信， leave a message留個信，
be good for 對…有好處， be good at =do well in擅長於…
be poor at =be bad at =do badly in=be weak in不擅長… Think of想起，
think about想出， think over仔細考慮，
else修飾不定代詞something,everything,anything,nothing,somebody,anybody,
nobody和who, what,when,where時放後，
四說，1,speak說語言，2.say說內容，3,talk與誰說，4,tell告訴，講述，
四看，1,watch觀看電視，比賽和表演，2,see看人，電影，醫生，風景，
3,read看書，報，4,look就看。 看場電影要用see，讀書看報用read 電視、戲劇、比賽，凡是表演用watch,observe細觀察，一時注意用notice.
make+賓語+補足語***形容詞***使某人某物怎麼樣。
.make+賓語+do 讓某人做某事
make+賓語+過去分詞 使某人被怎麼樣;make friends with sb.與某人交朋友，
hear of聽說， hear from收到某人的來信，
be bad for對…有害， it is +adj.+of sb +to do sth.寫性格，品質 kind, good
nice ,right,wrong,clever,careless,polite,foolish等。
It is+adj+for sb +to do sth. 對物的評價difficult,easy hard,dangerous,important,等
write to… 給…寫信， next to 在…旁邊，
do some concerts辦音樂會， speak to sb.和某人講話，
say hello to sb. 給某人問好， say bye to sb.向某人說再見，
show sb. around somewhere帶某人蔘觀某地，
learn sth from sb.向某人學習
choose the correct answers選擇正確答案, correct the mistakes改錯,
match …with…把…和…搭配起來
建議：1.why don't you do sth?=why not do sth?
2.How about doing sth?=what about doing sth?
3.You should /can do sth. 4.Remember to do sth.
5.Don't forget to do sth. 6.can you do sth ?
7.Let's do sth. 8.It'sa good idea to do
9.would you like to do ? 10.Shall we do
11.You'd better ***not ***do sth.
回答：That's a good idea.Thanks a lot.
Great, OK. That's right. All right. Good idea. Sure.
MODULE2 現在完成時：
1.表示過去發生的動作對現在造成的影響，或結果，常與recently, ever, never,already,yet ,just,before still連用;
2.表示發生在過去並且一直持續到現在的動作或狀態，常與for+時間段或since+時間點連用。
結構：have***has***+過去分詞，
get into=enter進入, what's the price of …=how much is …問價格
dream about夢到, dream of 夢見,
around the world=all over the world全世界,
stay with sb.與某人呆一起 stay at home呆在家裡,
stay in bed呆在床上 , walk to =go to…on foot步行去
take off 脫下，起飛, land on/in /at 著路,
all over China,全中國, take a seat =have a seat請坐 ,
come ture實現, fly to =go to ...by plane***by air***,坐飛機
drive to =go to …by car開車， at the end of在…盡頭/結尾
sell out 賣光, at the end 在結束時,
have been to去過***現在不在那兒*** ,have gone to 去了***現在不在說話地***
everyday English日常英語， first price一等獎，
The most exciting experience最激動人心的經歷， before long不久，
long before=soon=a little later很久以前， no problem沒問題，
have a problem in doing sth.做某事有困難， work out a problem解決一個問題，
invite sb to do sth,邀請某人做某事 invite sb to some place邀請某人去某地,
one day,某一天，***過去或將來*** some day某一天***將來*** ,
連繫動詞，一是be ***am, is ,are ,was ,were,***一感覺feel ，一保持keep，三變become, get turn，
四起來taste ,smell , look, sound，後跟形容詞作表語。
不定代詞：somebody, some one某人，anybody,anyone任何人nobody,no one，沒人everyone,everybody每個人,something某物 ,anything任何物,nothing沒事,everything一切事物，修飾他們的形容詞放後。
different kinds of =all kinds of 不同種類的，各種各樣的，
by the end of 到…末為止，不遲於
give a concert=give concerts舉辦音樂會
in the end =finally最後，終於，
take a photo=take photos照相，店 cook sth for sb.=cook sb.sth. 為某人做飯buy,make
such+a /an +adj+單數名詞=so +adj+a/an+單數名詞 ***名前such，形副so，多多少少也用so,little屬特殊，“小”用such,少用so.***
交通工具的乘坐，take the***a*** +交通工具to , =go...by+交通工具=go...on /in+a***the***+交通工具***小汽車只能用in ，其餘的可用in ,on***;
walk to some where=go to...on foot; fly to somewhere.=go ....by plane
ride to somewhere=go...by bike, drive to somewhere=go to by car,
a kind of一種 , be kind to sb對某人友善 since then從那時起，
take off 脫下，起飛，請假, reckon=consider =regard =think考慮，認為,
be reckoned ***to be*** ,被以為 reckon....as... 相當於
regard ...as...把當成 in the photo,在照片裡
go abroad,出國 be abroad,在國外 travel abroad,到國外旅行
sell out,賣光 sell to , 賣給某人 sell well賣得好 ,
四個也：also,肯定，行前be 後;too肯定，句末;either,否定，句末;as well,肯定，句末。
go to sleep,去睡覺 the price of,....的價格，形容價格用high,low。
sell sth at a high price,以高價出售， sell sth at a low price,以低價出售。
yet ,用於完成時態的否定句和疑問句中;have a wonderful time 玩得高興,
would like to do sth=want to do sth,想要做某事
would like sb. to do sth=wat sb to do sth想要某人做某事
MODULE3
already早已，用於完成時的肯定,; yet,用於完成時的否定和疑問; just,用於完成時
just now=a moment ago用於過去時,
arrive at ***小地方***/in***大地方***=reach=get to ,到達
bring,從外往裡拿， take ,從裡往外拿， carry無方向, fetch往返拿,
more than ,=over,多於 less than,少於
alone,個體單獨，獨自; lonely,孤獨，寂寞，也表示荒涼，
most of.. ..的大多數, a visit to 對 ...的參觀,
on a visit to....,參觀... for a visit 參觀, pay a visit to ,拜訪
as ...as....和....一樣 not as ...as..=not so ...as 不如,
so ...that如此...以致於....如果that後是否定,就可以用too...to轉換,如果是肯定就用,形容+enough***for sb ***to do sth.
be famous for 因...面著名***原因***, be famous as以...身份或產地而著名
prefer doing sth. to doing sth.=like doing sth better than doing sth更喜歡做某事,
prefer to 更喜歡... prefer to do sth rather than do sth.寧願做某事而不願做某事,
return from a visit to 從...訪問返回,
be named after 以...的名字命名,
be proud of 以....自豪, be up to sb.由某人決定,
up to 從事於,忙於, space station在太空站,
show sth to sb.=show sb sth把某物給某人看, on business出差,因...公事,
在...的上面 over,在..上面,正上方,中間有段空間,反義為under
on 在...上面,貼著物表,反義beneath, above在..上方,高出,反義below
in the sky=in the air在天空中, by air=by plane坐飛機,
in the last three years在過去三年裡,用於現在完成時,
none 用於三個以上的全否定，反義為all;neither兩個都不，反義為both,
the lastest news,最新訊息， share sth.with sb.與分享某物
MODULE4 get on /along with sb,與...相處, get on well with sb.與...相處融洽
hear about ,hear of 聽說, in fact實際上,
the Hope Schools,希望學校 look after=take care of =care for,照顧
drop out of school,綴學 take part in, 參加
pay for ,支付,付錢 how long ,多長時間
how soon,多久 get on badly with ,與...相處不好
hear from sb.收到某人的信，郵件等 on the farm ,在農場上
in the last+一段時間,in th past +一段時間in the recent+ 一段時間,這三個用於現在完成時
because of因為...... , sell sth.to sb.=sell sb .sth.,把某物賣給某人
buy sth from ...buy sth for sb..給某人買東西 get an education接受教育,
take part in=join參加, in good/bad health身體健康/不健康,
care about關心,在乎, take care 當心,
how often隔多久一次, stop doing sth.停止做某事,
stop to do sth.停下來去做別的事, dress /undressr+人,
put on/wear/take off+衣, drop out 退出,離隊,
drop in 順便來訪, drop out of school 退學
point at 指著, point to 指向 put on one's clothes穿上衣服
with the help of sb.=wiht sb's help 在別人的幫助下
without the help of sb.無人幫助的情況 at home and abroad在國內外
非延續性動詞變為延續動詞：
buy--have open--be open join --be in borrow--keep die ---be dead
leave--be away come here---be here go there--be there begin--be on
finish--be over make friends--be friends get ready--be ready buy--get /have
arrive/get to /reach/come--be in \be at /stay, put on--have on /wear get up--be up
可延續性動詞不可以與for 或since 連用，非延續性動詞的否定式也可以和for /since連用.
other其他的，另外的，別的; another另一個人或事物;
the other兩個中的另一個; the others其餘的，剩下的人或事物;
others其他的，另外的，別的人或物
MODULE 5 on earth ,究竟，到底，可用在when ,what ,who,where,how ,which,why 等之後，相當於in the world,用在否定句中相當於not ...at all;
a fan of ,...的迷 give a concert =give concerts,舉行音樂會
be famous for ,因..而著名***後+人或物某方面的特點,特長***
be famous as ,作為...而聞名***後+身份職業***
at the age of =when sb.was...years old, 在...歲的時候
not only....but also..不僅..而且***就近原則***上 classical music,古典音樂
belong to ,屬於 sth belong to sb. 物屬於人
across ,從一定範圍內的一邊到另一邊,表面進行through,從中間通過或穿過,裡面進行;over上方通過,不接觸表面;
hear of 聽說, be born出生, go through穿過,
I'm not sure我不確定, I'm sure肯定,
make sb.+adj使某人怎麼樣, make sb .do sth.使某人做某事,
take sb. around帶人四處走走, a piece of music一首樂曲,
in addition to 除...以外,buy him a guitar=buy a guitar for him給某人買吉他,
go on with sth.繼續做某事, go on doing sth.繼續做某事,
die of 患..而死,常接hunger, cold, illness,cancer內部原因,
die from由於..,而死,常接a wound ,an accident,carelessness外部原因,
learn to do sth學做某事, learn from sb.向某人學習,
Learn...by heart熟記,背誦, learn one's lesson from...從... 中吸取教訓,
反意疑問句:
1.先斷"定",判斷是否定或肯定.
如有not ,never, few, little, hardly, no ,nobody,seldom,nothing等詞,則是否定,後面該用肯定.
2.後找"動",觀察前面的動詞,若含有或情態動詞直接用,若為實義動詞原形,用do,三單用does,過去式用did, had better用had
3.換代,主語定代詞,三單用he ,she ,it ,複用they we ; somebody,nobody 類似的用they,和thing一起的用
4.肯定祈使句，反問句部分可用will you /won't you ?否定祈使句，用will you ?
5.Let's...用shall we? let us....用will you?,
6.在think,believe,suppose+從句結構中，疑問句部分與從句保持一致，同時主句的否定轉移到從句中; 但第二，三人稱與主句保持一致：I don't think you have done it ,have you? /He doesn't think you have done it ,does he?即：當主句人稱是一，從句是二時，看二;當主句是三時，就看三。
7.回答只針對事實作答;Yes+肯定 ,No+否定
give sb.sth=give sth.to sb. 給某人某物,give in投降,
give up doing sth 放棄, give out 分發,
give a way to 對...讓步, on the earth在地球上,
both....and既....又..... 就近原則 neither....nor既不....又不,就近原則
either...or要麼....要麼.there be, not only...but also就近原則,,
may be可能是. maybe=perhaps大概,也許
In addition to ..除...以外***還有*** =besides, but 除..之外,,常與否定意義詞連用,當but前有do時but後接原形, except,除....之外***不包括***
on holiday度假, of course=,sure當然
all types of呼種 , part time job,一份兼職工作
on one's own獨自 , be led by由....帶領
MODULE 6 過去進行時
用法：1.表示過去某一時刻正在進行的動作或正存在的狀態，一般常和at that time, at 點yesterday, then, last night,this time yesterday ,the whole morning,when I arrived 等特定的過去時間連用。
2.表示一個過去動作發生時或發生之後,另一個動作正在進行或兩個延續性過去的動作同時進行,常與when,while引導的時間狀語從句連用。
結構：was /were +V-ing
go on 繼續, go on doing sth繼續做某事***同一件事***,
go on to do sth 繼續做某事***另一件事***,
go on with sth繼續做同一件事,但中間暫停過,
How is it going ?=How are you getting on /along?近況如何?
by the river,在河邊
at this time yesterday昨天 的這個時候, in a tree=in the tree ,在樹上***外來物***
on a tree =on the tree,在樹上,***樹本身的*** smile at sb. 朝著某人微笑,
laugh at sb.嘲笑某人 fall into ,掉進,跌入
fall off 掉下來, fall behind ,落後,跟不上
fall in love with,愛上 be careful,小心
by mistake由於出錯 at that /this time在那/這時
have nothing to do 沒事可做, nothing strange沒什麼奇怪的，
take sth. out of .... 把...從...拿出來, happen to do sth.碰巧做某事
感官動詞see ,hear ,watch,feel ,notice,smell,taste後+名詞或代詞+動詞原形***表示動作已經發生***後+名詞或代詞+Ving***表示動作正在進行***
under th hedge在樹籬下面, go down下去,
think about 考慮, think of想起，認為 ,
think over仔細考慮, think out,想出
think hard,努力想，努力思考 What happened to sb.?某人發生了什麼事?
be on 上演， go off熄滅，停，
英語中當幾個單數人稱同時作主語時，先後順序是“二、三、一”
not ...until直到....才......***主句中常用非延續性動詞***
till/until直到......為止***主句中常用延續性動詞***
something wrong with...,出了毛病, lie in bed 躺在床上,
jump out of從...跳出來 ,on one's way to someplace,在某人去某地的路上
on one's way home在某人回家的路上,from ....to,從...到....***動詞+Ving***
when,while ,as的區別 當...時候
When可與持續性動詞連用,表示"一段時間,"也可與短暫性動詞連用,表示"時刻".主句的動作可以與從句的動作同時發生,也可以先後發生.如果主從句都是短暫性動詞時,只能用When
While表示主句和從句的動作同時發生.其從句的動詞必須為延續性動詞,從句多用進行時態,也可用表示狀態的動詞的一般時態.如果主從句都是進行時,只能用While
as與When同義,但as指主句的動作和從句的動作交替進行或同步發展.
wear out 穿壞,穿舊,用壞, cheer up 使振奮;使興奮,
follow one's advice聽從某人的建議, look into向...的裡面看,
stop to do sth. 停下做另一件事 stop doing sth.停止做某事
stop ...from doing sth.阻止....做某事, what kind哪種,
a kind of一種, all kinds of =different kinds of 各種各樣的,
kind of =a bit=a little 有點, walk along沿著....走,
by mistake 錯誤地，無意地, by oneself單獨，獨立地,
by the way, 順便說 牆的表面用on，牆的內部用in
have something to do有事可做 ,have something to eat有可吃的東西 ,
have nothing to drink沒有什麼喝的東西 feel tired感到疲勞
no one,一般不與of連用，動詞用單數，只指人，一般用來回答who
none ,可與of連用，動詞可用單數或複數，指人或物，回答how many /how much引導的問句，以及含any+n 的一般問句
Nothing，指物，動詞用單數，
without doing sth.沒做， be tired=get tired累了，
during the day 一整天，
被動語態的結構是：be+及物動詞的過去分詞
變法：1主+謂+賓語.將賓語變作主語,將謂語變被動語態,將主語變by賓語.
2.主+謂+間賓+直賓 將間接賓語變作主語,謂語變成被動語態,直接賓語不變.
3主+謂+直賓+間賓+to或for 將直變主,將謂變被告,其餘不變.by原主
4.主+謂+賓+賓補賓作主,謂變被,其餘不變,by原主.
5.主+謂+賓+賓補***let,see,make ,hear,watch ,feel, help, notice,observe,look at ,listen
to ***變為被動時，後加to
6.主+短語動詞+賓語， 賓作主，短變被，其餘不變,by原主.
7.帶有be going to,be about to ,be to ,have to ,used to ,be supposed to ,be sure to
等要將to後來動詞變以被動