大學英語四級考試閱讀練習及答案

　　下面是小編整理的，希望對大家有幫助。

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　　Most of the people who appear most often and most gloriously in the history books are great conquerors and generals and soldiers, whereas the people who really helped civilization forward are often never mentioned at all. We do not know who first set a broken leg, or launched a seaworthy boat, or calculated the length of the year, or manured***施肥***a field; but we know all about the killers and destroyers. People think a great deal of them, so much so that on all the highest pillars in the great cities of the world you will find the figure of a conqueror or a general or a soldier. And I think most people believe that the greatest countries are those that have beaten in battle the greatest number of other countries and ruled over them as conquerors. It is just possible they are, but they are not the most civilized.

　　Animals fight; so do savages ***野蠻人***; hence to be good at fighting is to be good in the way in which an animal or a savage is good, but it is not to be civilized. Even being good at getting other people to fight for you and telling them how to do it most efficiently --- this, after all, is what conquerors and generals have done --- is not being civilized. People fight to settle quarrels. Fighting means killing, and civilized peoples ought to be able to find some way of settling their disputes other than by seeing which side can kill off the greater number of the other side, and then saying that that side which has killed most has won. And it not only has won, but, because it has won, has been in the right. For that is what going to war means; it means saying that might is right.

　　That is what the story of mankind has on the whole been like. Even our own age has fought the two greatest wars in history, in which millions of people were killed or disabled. And while today it is true that people do not fight and kill each other in the streets --- while, that is to say, we have got to the stage of keeping the rules and behaving properly to each other in daily life --- nations and countries have not learnt to do this yet, and still behave like savages.

　　1. In the opening sentence the author indicates that ________.

　　A*** most history books were written by conquerors, generals and soldiers.

　　B*** those who truly helped civilization forward is rarely mentioned in history books.

　　C*** history books focus more on conquerors than on those who helped civilization forward.

　　D*** conquerors, generals and soldiers should not be mentioned in history books.

　　2. In the author’s opinion, the countries that ruled over a large number of other countries are ________.

　　A*** certainly both the greatest and the most civilized

　　B*** neither the most influential nor the most civilized.

　　C*** possibly the most civilized but not the most powerful.

　　D*** likely the greatest in some sense but not the most civilized.

　　3. The meaning of “That is what going to war means; it means saying that might is right.”***Last sentence of Paragraph 2*** is that ________.

　　A*** those who fight believe that the winner is right and the loser wrong.

　　B*** only those who are powerful have the right to go to war.

　　C*** those who are right should fight against those who are wrong.

　　D*** in a war only those who are powerful will win.

　　4. In the third paragraph, what the author wants to convey to us is that ________.

　　A*** World War I and World War II are different from previous wars.

　　B*** our age is not much better than those of the past.

　　C*** modern time is not so civilized compared with the past.

　　D*** we have fought fewer wars but suffered heavier casualties.

　　5. This passage is most likely taken from an article entitled ________.

　　A*** War and World Peace

　　B*** Creators of Civilization

　　C*** Civilization and History

　　D*** Who Should Be Remembered

　　參考答案：1.B 2.D 3.A 4.B 5.C

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　　The motor vehicle has killed and disabled more people in its brief history than any bomb or weapon ever invented. Much of the blood on the street flows essentially from uncivil behavior of drivers who refuse to respect the legal and moral rights of others. So the massacre on the road may be regarded as a social problem.

　　In fact, the enemies of society on wheels are rather harmless people or ordinary people acting carelessly, you might say. But it is a principle both of law and common morality that carelessness is no excuse when one's actions could bring death or damage to others. A minority of the killers go even beyond carelessness to total negligence.

　　Researchers have estimated that as many as 80 per cent of all automobile accidents can be attributed to the psychological condition of the driver. Emotional upsets can distort drivers' reactions, slow their judgment, and blind them to dangers that might otherwise be evident. The experts warn that it is vital for every driver to make a conscious effort to keep one's emotions under control.

　　Yet the irresponsibility that accounts for much of the problem is not confined to drivers. Street walkers regularly violate traffic regulations; they are at fault in most vehicle walker accidents. And many cyclists even believe that they are not subject to the basic rules of the road.

　　Significant legal advances have been made towards safer driving in the past few years. Safety standards for vehicle have been raised both at the point of manufacture and through periodic road-worthiness inspections. In addition, speed limits have been lowered. Due to these measures, the accident rate has decreased. But the accident experts still worry because there has been little or no improvement in the way drivers behave. The only real and lasting solution, say the experts, is to convince people that driving is a skilled task requiring constant care and concentration. Those who fail to do all these things pose a threat to those with whom they share the road.

　　1. The word “massacre” in line 3 paragraph one means _____

　　A*** mass-killing.

　　B*** disaster.

　　C*** tragedy.

　　D*** accident.

　　2. What is the author's main purpose in writing the passage?

　　A*** To show that the motor vehicle is a very dangerous invention.

　　B*** To promote understanding between careless drivers and street walkers.

　　C*** To discuss traffic problems and propose possible solutions.

　　D*** To warn drivers of the importance of safe driving.

　　3. According to the passage, traffic accidents may be regarded as a social problem because _____.

　　A*** autos have become most destructive to mankind