高中英語知識點總結

　　對於高中英語的學習來說,掌握英語知識點是學好英語的基礎工程。下面是小編為大家帶來的，相信對你會有幫助的。

　　***一***

　　1. I don't enjoy singing, nor do I like computers. 我不喜歡唱歌，也不喜歡電腦。/ Rock music is OK, and so is skiing. 搖滾音樂還可以，滑雪也行。

　　這兩句中nor與so用於倒裝結構。例如：I don't know, nor do I care. 我不知道，也不關心。so的常見句型有：

　　***1*** so + be / 助動詞 / 情態動詞 + 主語 ***意為“主語也 ……” ***

　　***2*** neither / nor + be / 助動詞 / 情態動詞 + 主語***意為“主語也不……” ***

　　***3*** so it is / was with sb / sth和so it is / was the same with sb / sth ***意為“主語也……” *** ***用在前文有兩個或以上的從句，而且分句有不同的謂語或既有肯定又有否定以及既有系動詞義有行為動詞的情況***

　　***4*** so + 主語 + be / 助動詞 / 情態動詞 ***意為“主講確實如此”***，表示進一步肯定。

　　***5*** 主語 + did + so ***意為“主語按照吩咐做了”***。

　　【考例】 Mary never does any reading in the evening, ____. ***2005全國 III***

　　A. so does John B. John does too

　　C. John doesn't too D. nor does John

　　[考查目標] nor表示“也不”引導的倒裝結構。

　　[答案與解析] D 由never可以判斷該句為否定句。空格處句意為“約翰也沒讀書”。nor, so, neither可引起倒裝句。

　　2. Chuck is a businessman who is always so busy that he has little time for his friends. 查克是個生意人，他總是那麼忙，幾乎沒有時間和朋友在一起。

　　該句中so...that... 和such...that... 都能連線結果狀講從句，但要注意詞序不同。例如：Joan is such a lonely girl that all of us like her. = She is so lovely a girl that we all like her.

　　常見句型：

　　***1*** such + a / an + 形容詞 + 單數可數名詞 + that clause

　　***2*** such + 形容詞 + 複數可數名詞 + that clause

　　***3*** such + 形容詞 + 不可數名詞 + that clause

　　***4*** so + 形容詞 + a / an + 單數可數名詞 + that clause

　　***5*** so + 形容詞 / 副詞 + that clause

　　***6*** so + many / few + 複數可數名詞 + that clause

　　***7*** so + much / little + 不可數名詞 + that clause

　　注意：① 當little不表示數量“少”而表示“小”的意思時，仍然 要用such。② 當so + adj. / adv. 或 such + n. 位於句首時，主句需要倒裝。

　　【考例】 So difficult ____ it to live in an English-speaking country that I determined to learn English. ***2001上海***

　　A. I have felt B. have I felt

　　C. I did feel D. did I feel

　　[考查目標] so + adj. 位於句首時，主句倒裝。

　　[答案與解析] D A、C語序不對，排除。B時態不對。

　　3. One day Chuck is on a flight across the Pacific Ocean when suddenly his plane crashes. 一天，查克在飛越太平洋時.他的飛機突然墜毀了。

　　該句中的“when”表示“正在這時”，相當於and just或and at that time. 這時不能用while / as 替換。

　　常見句型：***1*** be about to do sth when... ***2*** be doing sth when... ***3*** be on the point of doing sth when...

　　【考例】We were swimming in the lake ____ suddenly the storm started. ***2004北京春招***

　　A. when B. while C. until D. before

　　[考查目標] "when" 作連詞，表示“正在這時”。

　　[答案與解析] A 意為“我正在湖中游泳，突然暴風雨來了。”只有when才能用於這種句型。

　　4. He has to learn how to collect water, hunt for food, and make fire. 他不得不學會收集淡水.尋找食物，生火什麼的。

　　該句中的“how I to collect...”為動詞不定式短語作賓語。例如：We must decide which one to buy. 疑問詞which, what, how, when, where等與小定式構成不定式短語。

　　【考例】 I've worked with children before, so I knew what ____ in my new job. ***NMET 2000***

　　A. expected B. to expect C. to be expecting D. expects

　　[考查目標] what to do sth 不定式短語作賓語。

　　[答案與解析] B 該句需要填非謂語動詞。排除A、D。句意為“以前我與孩子在一塊兒工作過。因此我知道我的新工作需要什麼。”C不表示進行，排除C。

　　5. In order to survive, Chuck developed a friendship with an unusual friend — a volleyball he called Wilson. 為了生存下去，查克和一位不尋常的朋友--“排球”建立了友誼，查克叫他威爾森。

　　1. 該句中的"in order to"，意思為“為了，以便”，作目的 狀語。在句子中作同的狀語的常見句型有五種結構：to do sth / in order to do sth / so as to do sth / in order that clause / so that clause

　　注意：***1*** so as to do sth 不能位於句首。***2*** 如果主句與從句的主語一致時，四個結構可以相互轉換。***3*** 在in order that / so that 引導的從句中，謂語動詞常與can, could, may, might 等情態動詞連用。

　　【考例】***2005北京*** I'd like to arrive 20 minutes early ____ I can have time for a cup of tea.

　　A. as soon as B. as a result C. in case D. so that

　　[考查目標] 目的狀語。

　　[答案與解析]D as soon as “一…就…”;as a result“結果是”;in case “萬一”;so that“以便，為的是”。句意：“我想提前二十分鐘到以便有時間喝杯茶”。

　　2. 該句子中 volleyball 是作同位語。例如：He advised farmers to choose the best seed-heads, the ones that had the best color.

　　注意：這種同位語***不是同位語從句***與非限制性定語從句的區別。

　　【考例】***NMET 2002*** Meeting my uncle after these years was an unforgotten moment, ____ I will always treasure.

　　A. that B. one C. it D. what

　　[考查目標] one作同位語，指代a moment。

　　[答案與解析] B that不能引導非限制性定語從句，排除A;if不能作同位語，排除C;what既不能引導非限制定語從句，也不能作同位語。可以填which，這樣就成了非限制性定語從句。

　　6. For a long time the language in America stayed the same, while the language in England changed. 長期以來，美國英語保持不變，但英國英語變化了。

　　1. 該句中的“while"用作並列連詞.表示前後對比，意為 “然而”。“while"充當連詞，還能引導時間狀語從句。意為“during the time that…”;引導讓步狀語從句，意 為“although…”。

　　2. 該句中的 "stay" 為系動詞。後接表語 ***the same***。 除了stay外，常見的系動詞還有: become, get, turn, grow, go, come, run, fall, keep, stay, remain。

　　【考例】***NMET 2003*** Why don't you put the meat in the fridge? It will ____ fresh for several days.

　　A. be stayed B. stay C. be staying D. have stayed

　　[考查目標] 系動詞的用法。

　　[答案與解析] B 系動詞沒有被動語態，一般不用進行

　　時態，排除A、C;句意不是表示完成，排除D。系動詞表示狀態。

　　7. for the first time 第一次

　　***1*** for the first time 第一次，後面不加從句，在句中作狀語 They came to Beijing for the first time.

　　***2*** the first time 名詞短語，在從句中充當連詞，後接時間狀語從句，不接that，when等連詞。有同樣用法的短語還有：every time; next time; the last time

　　They liked Beijing the first time they went there.

　　***3*** It's / This is the first time that + 從句***用現在完成時***這是……的第一次 It's the first time that I have ever been abroad at all.

　　8. What is it that...? 是什麼……?

　　強調句的用法：

　　***1*** 結構：It is / It was ***過去時間*** + 被強調部分 + that / who ***專指人*** + 其他部分

　　***2*** 用法：除了謂語動詞不能強調，句子的每部分均可強調。 Jim met the student in the street last week.

　　主語 賓語 地點狀語 時間狀語

　　強調主語：It was Jim who / that met the student in the street last week.

　　強調賓語：It was the student whom / that Jim met in the street last week.

　　強調地點狀語：It was in the street that Jim met the student last week.

　　強調時間狀語：It was last week that Jim met the student in the street.

　　***3*** 注意點：

　　一般疑問句的強調句：

　　Was it Dr Wang who spoke to you just now?

　　特殊疑問句的強凋句：

　　Who is it that will visit our class?

　　Where is it that he has gone?

　　When was it that she went?

　　not … until … 用於強調句：

　　It was not until then that I realized I was wrong.

　　***二***

　　1. Talking about likes and dislikes. 談論喜歡和不喜歡

　　-- I enjoy Chinese food very much. -- ____. ***03東北三校***

　　A. Please taste quickly B. Have more, please

　　C. Help yourself D. Eat slowly while it is hot

　　[答案與解析]C本題主要考查具體語境下“對事物喜好”的表達及應答。A項不禮貌，B、D兩項屬漢語習慣，C項符合此時英語語境。

　　【歸納】英語中常見表達喜歡和不喜歡態度的用語有：

　　***1*** This book is very interesting.

　　***2*** I like / love the movie ***very much***.

　　***3***I like / love to play computer games.

　　***4*** I like taking photos.

　　***5*** I enjoy listening to music.

　　***6*** I'm interested in science. My hobbies / interests are...

　　***7*** He is fond of music.

　　***8*** This song is bad / awful.

　　***9*** I don't like the movie very much / at all.

　　***10***I don't enjoy collecting stamps.

　　***11***I hate to do homework. I hate dancing,

　　***12***I'm not into classic music.

　　***13***I think that classic music is terrible / boring.

　　2. Making apologies 道歉

　　-- I'm sorry I'm calling you so late. -- ____ Okay.

　　***2003北京春招***

　　A. This is B. You're C. That's D. I'm

　　[答案與解析] C 本題主要考查英語中道歉及應答用語。A、B、D三項不符合交際英語的習慣，故C項正確。

　　【歸納】英語中常見道歉用語有：

　　***1*** I'm very sorry. I didn't mean to ***hurt your feelings***.

　　***2*** I'm terribly sorry about that.

　　***3*** I'm afraid I've brought you too much trouble.

　　***4*** Please excuse me coming late.

　　***5*** Please forgive me.

　　***6*** Excuse me, please.

　　***7*** I beg your pardon.

　　應答表達有：

　　***1*** That's / It's all right.

　　***2*** That's / It's OK.

　　***3*** Never mind.

　　***4*** It doesn't matter.

　　***5*** It's nothing.

　　***6*** Forget it.

　　***7*** Don't worry about that.

　　***8*** Don't mention it.

　　3. Talking about language difficulties in communication 談論語言交際困難

　　-- I'm sorry. I can't catch you. ____

　　-- OK, it's B—L—A—C—K.

　　A. Would you please walk slowly?

　　B. I don't understand you.

　　C. What's the meaning of this word?

　　D. Would you please repeat it more slowly?

　　[答案與解析] D本題主要考查語言交際困難的功能意念。catch 在整個語境中是“聽見，聽清”的意思，A項錯誤理解了catch 在此處的意思，B、C兩項語義不連貫， 故正確答案是D。

　　【歸納】英語中常見的談論語言交際困難的用語有：

　　***1*** Pardon? / I beg your pardon.

　　***2*** Sorry, I can't follow you.

　　***3*** Can you speak more slowly, please?

　　***4 ***How do you say...in English.'?

　　***5*** I don't know how to say that in English.

　　***6*** I don't know the word in English.

　　***7*** How do you spell it, please?

　　***8*** I'm sorry I only know a little English.

　　***9*** Could you repeat that, please? Could you say that

　　again, please?

　　***10*** What do you mean by killing time?

　　***三***

　　1. Instead of spending your vacation on a bus, ... you may want to try hiking. Instead和instead 0f的用法

　　2. Say "Hi" / "Hello" / "Thanks" to sb. ***for me*** 問候的句型

　　3. Is anybody seeing you off? 進行時表將來

　　4. She struggled and struggled, and could not get on her feet. ***= keep struggling***

　　5. You should not go rafting unless you know... unless引導條件狀語從句，相當於if... not

　　6. By staying at..., tourists can help the villagers make money so that they can take care of the fiver and the birds. 目的狀語從句

　　7. She was so surprised that she couldn't move. 結果狀語從句

　　8. Tree after tree went down, cut down by water. 過去分詞作狀語

　　9. The next moment, the first wave swept her down, swallowing the garden. 現在分詞作狀語

　　10. However, before she could think twice, the water was upon her. It didn't take long before the building was destroyed. before的用法