人教版高中英語知識點總結
英語知識點的掌握情況是高中生能否學習好英語重要因素。下面是小編為大家帶來的,相信對你會有幫助的。
:關係代詞引導的定語從句
引導定語從句的關係代詞主要有who, whom, whose, which, that等。它們分別代替前面的先行詞,並在定語從句中作主語、賓語或定語。
A.who
指人,在定語從句中作主語。
What was the name of the man who lent you the money
借錢給你的那人叫什麼名字?***定語從句修飾先行詞the man***
He who laughs lst laughs best.
誰笑到最後誰笑得最好。***定語從句修飾先行詞he***
The chairman of the meeting, who spoke first, sat on my right.
會議主席坐在我右邊,他先發言。***定語從句修飾先行詞the chairman***
B.whom
指人,在定語從句中做賓語。在口語或非正式文體中,whom可省略或可用who來代替,但在介詞後面以及在非限制性定語從句中只能用whom。
There are some people ***whomwho***we like and others ***whomwho*** we dislike.
有些人我們是喜歡的,有些人則是我們討厭的。***定語從句分別修飾先行詞people, others***
The people whomwho I work with are all friendly.
和我一起工作的人都很友好。***定語從句修飾先行詞the people***
Mr Carter, whom I spoke to on the phone last night, is very interested in or plan.
昨晚我在電話裡和卡特先生交談過,他對我們的計劃很感興趣。***非限制性定語從句中不能用who代替whom***
Two men, neither of whom I had ever seen before, came into my office.
兩個人來到我的辦公室,我以前從未見過他們。***在介詞後面不用who***
C.whose
通常指人,也可指物,在定語從句中做定語,後面要緊跟被修飾的名詞。
There are some people whose faces you can nevr forget.
有些人,他們的臉你永遠難以忘懷。***定語從句修飾先行詞people***
I saw some trees whose leaves were black because of the polluted air.
我看見一些樹的樹葉由於空氣汙染而發黑。***定語從句修飾行詞trees***
D.which
1.指物,在定語從句中做主語或賓語。做賓語時常可省略。
English is a language which is easy to learn.
英語是一門容易學的語言。***which在定語從句中作主語,不能省略***
This is a folk song which is now very popular.
這是目前非常流行的一首民謠***which在定語從句中作主語,不能省略***
The river which flows through London is the Thames.
流經倫敦的河叫泰晤士河。***which在定語從句中作主語,不能省略***
The children like cookies ***which*** my wife makes.
孩子們喜歡我夫人做的餅乾。***關係代詞which作makes的賓語,可以省略***
2.which引導的非限制性定語從句可以修飾前面的整個主句,相當於and this。
Jim passedhis driving test, which surprised everybody.
吉姆通過了駕駛考試,這使大家都感到驚訝。***定語從句修飾的是整個主句,而不是the driving test***
3.which在非限制性定語從句中有時也可以作定語。
John stayed here for a week, dring which time we visited the West Lake together.
約翰在這裡呆了一星期,在此期間我們一起遊了西湖。
It might snow this weekend, in which case we won't go to Beijing.
週末可能下雪,在這種情況下,我們就不去北京了。
E.that
指人時,相當於who 或whom;指物時,相當於which。在定語從句中作主語或賓語***做賓語時常可省略***。
He is the man that lives next door.
他就是住在隔壁的那個人。***定語從句修飾先行詞the man,作主語***
I don't like stories that have unhappy endings.
我不喜歡結尾悲傷的故事。***定語從句修飾先行詞stories,作主語***
The dress ***that*** Ann boughtdoesn't fit her very well.
安買的衣服不太合身。***定語從句修飾先行詞the dress,that作賓語可省略***
Is there anything ***that*** I can do for you
有我能為你效勞的事嗎?***定語從句修飾先行詞anything,that作賓語,可省略***
提示:
在口語中,that有時還可以作關係副詞,相當於when或介詞+which結構。
We left the day ***that*** he arrived. 他來的那一天,我們就走了。***that替when***
He doesn't see things the way ***that*** we see them. 他看問題的方法和我們不一樣。***that代替in which***
Imagine the speed ***that*** he drives his car! 很難想象,他開車的速度那麼快!***that代替at which***
F.其他關係代詞
as 和but也可作關係代詞,引導定語從句。
1.as
as可以在限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句中作主語或賓語。
① 在限制性定語從句中,as可跟在由suc, so, the same修飾的先行詞之後。
Such men as heard him were deeply moved. 聽過他說話的人,都會深受感動。***as在定語從句中作heard的主語***
I've never heard such stories as he tells. 我從未聽過像他講的這樣的故事。***as在定語從句中作tell的賓語***
He lifted so heavy a stone as no one else can lift. 他搬起別人都搬不起的大石頭。***as在定語從句中lift的賓語***
比較:
在the same