六年級小升初英語知識點
小升初的英語知識點，你都掌握了嗎?下面小編給你分享，歡迎閱讀。
***一***學生易錯詞彙
1. a, an的選擇: 母音字母開頭的單詞用an，子音字母開頭的單詞用a.
2 am , is , are的選擇: 單數用is , 複數用are. I 用 am , you 用 are.
3 have , has 的選擇: 表示某人有某物。單數用has , 複數用have. I ,you 用 have .
4. there is, there are 的選擇:表示某地有某物，某人。單數用there is , 複數用there are.
5. some, any 的選擇:肯定句用some, 疑問句和否定句用any.
6. 疑問詞的選擇:what ***什麼*** who ***誰*** where ***哪裡*** whose ***誰的*** why***為什麼***when***什麼時候***which***哪一個***how old ***多大*** how many ***多少***how much***多少錢***
***二***動詞過去式詳解
動詞的過去式的構成規則有：
A、規則動詞
①一般直接在動詞的後面加ed如 worked , learned , cleaned , visited
②以e結尾的動詞直接加d如 lived , danced , used
③以子音字母加y結尾的動詞要改y為i再加ed***此類動詞較少***如 study – studied carry – carried worry – worried ***play、stay***
④ 雙寫最後一個字母***此類動詞較少***如 stopped
B、不規則動詞***此類詞並無規則，須熟記***小學階段要記住以下動詞的原形和過去式：sing – sang , eat – ate , see – saw , have – had , do – did , go – went , take – took , buy – bought , get – got , read – read ,fly – flew , am/is – was ,
are – were , say – said , leave – left , swim – swam , tell – told , draw – drew , come – came , lose – lost , find – found , drink – drank , hurt – hurt , feel – felt
***三***形容詞比較級詳解
當我們需要對事物作出比較時，需要用到比較級。比較級的句子結構通常是：
什麼 + 動詞be ***am , is , are *** + 形容詞比較級 + than***比***+ 什麼 ,如：
I’m taller and heavier than you. ***我比你更高和更重。***
An elephant is bigger than a tiger. ***一隻大象比一隻老虎更大。***
形容詞的比較級是在形容詞的基礎上變化而來的，它的變化規則是：
① 一般的直接在詞尾加er ，如 tall - taller , strong - stronger ,
② 以e結尾的，直接加r ，如 fine – finer ,
③ 以子音字母加y結尾的，先改y為i再加er，如funny - funnier
④ 雙寫最後的字母再加er，如big – bigger, thin – thinner ,hot – hotter
☆注意☆ 比較的兩者應該是互相對應的可比較的東西。
典型錯誤：My hair is longer than you.***我的頭髮比你更長。***
比較的兩者是我的頭髮、你***整個人***，那麼比較的物件就沒有可比性。
應該改為：My hair is longer than yours. 或My hair is longer than your hair.
***四*** 句型專項歸類
肯定句：是指用肯定的語氣來陳述的句子，如：I’m a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital.
There are four fans in our classroom. He will eat lunch at 12:00. I watched TV yesterday evening.
2、否定句：含有否定詞或表示否定意義詞的句子，如：I’m not a student. She is not ***isn’t*** a doctor.
He does not ***doesn’t*** work in a hospital. There are not ***aren’t*** four fans in our classroom.
He will not ***won’t*** eat lunch at 12:00. I did not ***didn’t*** watch TV yesterday evening.
☆注意☆ 小結：否定句主要是在肯定句的基礎上加上了否定詞 “not”。有動詞be的句子則“not”加在be後面，可縮寫成“isn’t，aren’t”，但am not 一般都分開寫。沒有動詞be的句子則要先在主要動詞的前面加上一個助動詞***do，does，did***，然後在它後面加上“not”，你也可以把它們縮寫在 一起如“don’t , doesn’t , didn’t ***。這三個助動詞要根據人稱和時態來選擇，其中“does”只用於一般現在時主語是第三人稱單數的情況，而“did”只用於一般過去時，不論主語是什麼人 稱和數，都用“did” 。
3、一般疑問句：是指詢問事實的句子，此類句子必須用“yes”，或“no”來回答。如：Are you a student? Yes, I am / No, I’m not.
Is she a doctor? Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t.
Does he work in a hospital? Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.
Are there four fans in our classroom? Yes, there are. / No, there aren’t.
Are you going to buy a comic book tonight? Yes, I am. / No, No, I am not. ***Yes, we are. / No, we aren’t.***
Will he eat lunch at 12:00? Yes, I will. / No, I will not***won’t***.
Are they swimming? Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t.
Did you watch TV yesterday evening? Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t.
☆注意☆ 小結：一般疑問句是在肯定句的基礎上，
①把動詞be調到首位，其他照寫，末尾標點符號變成問號即可。
②沒有動詞be的句子則要在句首加上一個助動詞***do，does，did***再把緊跟在後面的動詞變回原形，末尾標點符號變成問號即可。
這三個助動詞也要根據人稱和時態來選擇，其中“does”只用於一般現在時主語是第三人稱單數的情況，而“did”只用於一般過去時，不論主語是什麼人稱 和數，都用“did” 。一般疑問句有個重要的原則就是問和答要一致，即問句裡的第一個單詞***助動詞***和簡略答句裡的這個詞是一致的。
4、特殊疑問句：以特殊疑問詞***what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等***開頭引導的句子。此類句子應該問什麼就答什麼，不能用“yes 、no”來回答。如：
What is this? It’s a computer.
What does he do? He’s a doctor.
Where are you going? I’m going to Beijing.
Who played football with you yesterday afternoon? Mike.
Which season do you like best? Summer.
When do you usually get up? I usually get up at 6:30.
Whose skirt is this? It’s Amy’s.
Why do you like spring best? Because I can plant trees.
How are you? I’m fine. / I’m happy.
How did you go to Xinjiang? I went to Xinjiang by train.
☆其中how又可以和其他一些形容詞連用組成特殊疑問片語用來提問，如： how many***多少***數量******, how much***多少***錢******, how tall***多高***, how long***多長***, how big***多大***, how heavy***多重***
例句：How many pencils do you have? I have three pencils.
How many girls can you see? I can see four girls.
How many desks are there in your classroom? There are 51.
☆小結：how many 用來提問可數名詞的數量，主要有以上三種句式搭配，
How many + 名詞複數 + do you have? 你有多少……?
How many + 名詞複數 + can you see? 你能看見多少……?
How many + 名詞複數 + are there…? 有多少……?