機械設計專業英語文章

　　二十一世紀的前十年是工程機械、機電裝置行業繁榮發展的十年,這十年的黃金時間也帶動了機械市場的大規模建設。下面小編整理了，希望大家喜歡!

　　摘抄

　　Machine Tool Technology for NC

　　數控車床技術

　　Each of the five machining processes is carried out on a machine tool designed to perform that process. Turning is performed on a lathe, drilling is done on a drill press, milling on a milling machining, and so on.

　　每種加工過程都可以在設計的專門車床上來實現加工。在車床上車削,在鑽床上鑽,在銑床上加工。

　　There are several different type of grinding operations with a corresponding variety of machines to perform them.

　　有幾種型別的磨削方法也要有相應種類的磨床。

　　Numerical control machine tools have been designed for nearly all of the machining processes. The list includes:

　　被設計的數控磨床可以進行下列加工包括:

　　Drill presses

　　鑽加工

　　Milling machines, vertical spindle and horizontal spindle

　　銑床立式和臥式主軸

　　Turning machines, both horizontal axis and vertical axis

　　車床臥式主軸和立式主軸

　　Horizontal and vertical boring mills

　　臥式和立式鏜床

　　Profiling and contouring mills

　　仿形銑床

　　Surface grinders and cylindrical grinders

　　平面磨和圓柱磨

　　鑑賞

　　數控車床技術***2***

　　In addition to the machining process, NC machine tools have also been developed for othermetalworking processes. These machines include:

　　除了上述幾種機械加工方法，數控機床可用於其他金屬加工過程包括

　　Punch presses for sheet metal hole punching

　　用於薄片板的金屬板上衝孔的衝壓機

　　Presses for sheet metal bending

　　用於薄片金屬彎曲的折彎機。

　　The introduction of numerical control has had a pronounced influence on the design andoperation of machine tools.

　　數控技術的介入到機加工對機床的設計和運用有著顯著的影響。

　　One of the effects of NC has been that the proportion of time spent by the machine cuttingmetal under program control is significantly greater than with manually operated machines.

　　數控影響之一在程式控制下切削金屬的時間與傳統手動機床大得多。

　　This causes certain components, such as the spindle, drive gears, and feed screws, to wearmore rapidly. These components must be designed to last longer on NC machines。

　　所以對於一些零件如主軸驅動主軸絲槓磨損更快，這些零件要設計成持續時間長的。

　　Second, the addition of the electronic control unit has increased the cost of the machine,therefore requiring higher equipment utilization.

　　第二，增加電子控制單元後設備成本也隨之增加，因此需要更高的利用率。

　　Instead of running the machine on only one shift, which was the convention with manuallyoperated machines, NC machines are often operated two or even three shifts to obtain therequired payback.

　　取代傳統手工操作的一班制數控機床通常採用兩班或三班制來獲得更多的回報。

　　Also, the NC machines are designed to reduce the time consumed by the non-processingelements in the operation cycle, such as loading and unloading the workpart, and changingtools.

　　數控機床的設計中減少了非操作過程的時間如裝卸工件和換刀時間。

　　Third, the increasing cost of labor has altered the relative roles of the operator and themachine tool. Consider the role of the human operator.

　　第三，增加的勞動成本由人工成本變為裝置成本。

　　賞析

　　數控車床技術***3***

　　Instead of being the highly skilled worker who controlled every aspect of the part production,the tasks of the operator have been reduced to part loading and unloading, tool changing, chipclearing, and the like. In this way, one operator can often run two or three automatic machines.The role and functions of the machine tool have also changed.

　　考慮到人工操作的角色,角色由技術熟練的工人控制,工件生產的每一個過程變為只控制裝卸換刀和清除碎屑和類似的操作,這樣一個工人可以同時操作兩臺或三臺車床,機床的角色和功能也改變了

　　NC machines are designed to be highly automatic and capable of combining several operationsin one setup that formerly required several different machines. These changes are bestexemplified by a new type of machine that did not exist prior to the advent and development ofnumerical control: the machining center. 數控需要設計成高度自動化具有需要在不同車床加工

　　幾種操作聯合在一起一定加工的能力,這些變化是通過一種新型車床在數控技術存在之前是不存在的,他豐富了數控加工中心

　　The machining center, developed in the late 1950s, is a machine tool capable of performingseveral different machining operations on a workpart in one setup under program control.

　　加工中心是在20 世紀50 年代發展起來的具有在程式控制下在一個工件上一次裝夾完成幾種不同的加工能力的機床。

　　The machining center is capable of milling, drilling, reaming, tapping, boring, facing, and similaroperations.

　　加工中心能完成銑,鑽,鉸屑,攻絲,鏜,車端面及一些類似機加工工作。