如何有效訓練英語考場寫作

　　對於絕大部分中國學生來說，學習英文寫作似乎只是為了一個目的——應試。的確，從基礎的中、高考，到大學英語四、六級，乃至高階段的TEM、TOEFL、IELTS，研究生入學考試等等，寫作一直是必考的內容之一。為了應付這些考試，同學們不得不機械地背誦大量程式化的片語、句子、甚至是範文。這種做法也許能在短期內提高我們的應試能力，可長此以往，英文寫作勢必會重蹈歷史的覆轍，演變成又一種“八股文”，這是我們所不願意看到的。那麼，怎樣才能真正提高自己的寫作能力呢?

　　

　　一, 英語書面表達應試基本策略:

　　仔細審題。 如果是看圖寫文，看懂每幅圖之間的聯絡至關重要。

　　寫要點。據每幅圖寫出一至兩句話。因為每年高考書面表達一般控制在10句話，120個詞左右。

　　連句成文。每句話寫好後，用適當的連詞連線起來，使之上下連貫，呼應，通順，簡潔。

　　查錯漏。完稿後，檢查一下有沒有時態，語態，拼寫錯誤並逐一加以改正。

　　卷面整潔。卷面整潔乾淨甚至比準確，通順，簡介更重要。因為整潔乾淨給閱卷人精神上帶來愉悅，相對而言，分數自然要給得高一些。

　　為了幫助同學們在平時寫作練習的時候時刻牢記這些寫作的基本要領，特編順口溜如下：細審題，巧構思，列要點，防遺漏。寫日記，同漢語;書信，通知格式要牢記。看清圖表細梳理，寫人記事按順序;完稿後查遺漏，整潔乾淨莫忘記。

　　二, 策略：從遣詞，造句，謀篇三個方面分析。

　　遣詞的原則：使用高等級詞彙及短語, 如果僅僅記住幾個簡單基礎的詞彙,而且一味的重複低水平的英語知識點,還遠遠沒有達到大學的入學要求。這就要求考生在平時的訓練和考試當中，有意識的強化“複雜，高階”這兩個概念，使自己的作文能力區別於普通學生的作文，使自己一下子就站在一個比別人高的位置上，充分顯示自己的實力。

　　平時學習過程中注意總結各種各樣的詞彙。以描述人物的詞彙為例：

　　表達人物愛憎感情：

　　like, love, be interested in, be fond of…

　　hate, dislike, be tired of, lose interest in…

　　happy, excited, pleased, satisfied, angry, sad, worried, disappointed, terrified, mad, frightened…

　　介紹人物的影響及人們對人的評價：

　　He became famous for his new theory.

　　The people had come to love him as an inspiring leader.

　　We regard Li Fei as our model.

　　Lei Feng has been praised for his communist spirit.

　　People spoke highly of him and all respected him.

　　常見描述人物性格，外貌和身體狀況等的詞語

　　good-looking /funny-looking /strong-looking /ugly-looking /dirty-looking /ordinary-looking /blue-eyed /white-eyed /warm-hearted /light-hearted /kind-hearted /absent-minded /tall /short /beautiful /pretty /lovely /naughty/ be blind /lame in /be in good or poor condition/ healthy/ fine/ well /strong-tempered /bad-tempered /near-sighted /far-sighted /foolish /stupid /silly /clever /smart /wise /bright / diligent /intelligent /lazy /hard working, etc.

　　造句的原則：句式多變，語法活用，句子是表達一個完整意思的最小當位，所以造句能力在英文寫作中是非常重要的。好的英語句子能夠生動，形象，準確的表達內容。所以要想寫出漂亮的書面表達，必須從寫好句子開始。

　　英語基本句型及造句:

　　主語+謂語+狀語***介詞,名詞短語或從句***

　　The sun rises up in the east and sets in the west.

　　We get up early every morning.

　　The meeting lasted 2 hours.

　　主語+不及物動詞+副詞

　　This kind of wine drinks well and sells well.

　　The suit wears well.

　　Glass breaks easily.

　　主語+謂語+介詞+賓語

　　We all agreed on the terms.

　　He hates to argue with his wife about such small matters.

　　All these things are to be answered for.

　　主語+系動詞+形容詞

　　Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth.

　　He was so tired that he fell asleep the moment he went to bed.

　　Your explanation sounds reasonable.

　　主語+謂語+直接賓語

　　I want your promise.

　　Have your fixed my watch?

　　This factory produces 1000 cars a week.

　　主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語

　　He paid me a visit yesterday.

　　He owed me 50 yuan.

　　He wrote his family a letter yesterday.

　　主語+謂語+賓語+賓補 ***to do***

　　I will get someone to repair the recorder for you.

　　I didn’t mean to hurt you.

　　He invited me to teach at a well-known university.

　　主語+謂語+賓語+賓補 ***do***

　　I often hear her sing the song.

　　The boss made workers work 15 hours a day.

　　Don’t forget to have him come.

　　主語+謂語+現在分詞

　　I heard her singing in the next room.

　　We could feel our heats beating fast.

　　Did you observe the birds flying around the trees?

　　主語+謂語+過去分詞

　　I must have my watch repaired.

　　We must get he task finished on time.

　　Speak louder to make yourself understood by everybody.