英語四級閱讀理解練習和答案

　　下面是小編整理的，希望對大家有幫助。

　　The biggest safety threat facing airlines today may not be a terrorist with a gun, but the man with the portable computer in business class. In the last 15 years, pilots have reported well over 100 incidents that could have been caused by electromagnetic interference. The source of this interference remains unconfirmed, but increasingly, experts are pointing the blame at portable electronic device such as portable computers, radio and cassette players and mobile telephones.

　　RTCA, an organization which advises the aviation ***航空*** industry, has recommended that all airlines ban ***禁止*** such devices from being used during “critical” stages of flight, particularly take-off and landing. Some experts have gone further, calling for a total ban during all flights. Currently, rules on using these devices are left up to individual airlines. And although some airlines prohibit passengers from using such equipment during take-off and landing, most are reluctant to enforce a total ban, given that many passengers want to work during flights.

　　The difficulty is predicting how electromagnetic fields might affect an aircraft’s computers. Experts know that portable device emit radiation which affects those wavelengths which aircraft use for navigation and communication. But, because they have not been able to reproduce these effects in a laboratory, they have no way of knowing whether the interference might be dangerous or not.

　　The fact that aircraft may be vulnerable ***易受損的*** to interference raises the risk that terrorists may use radio systems in order to damage navigation equipment. As worrying, though, is the passenger who can’t hear the instructions to turn off his radio because the music’s too loud.

　　21. The passage is mainly about ________.

　　A*** a new regulation for al airlines

　　B*** the defects of electronic devices

　　C*** a possible cause of aircraft crashes

　　D*** effective safety measures for air flight

　　22. What is said about the over 100 aircraft incidents in the past 15 years?

　　A*** They may have been caused by the damage to the radio systems.

　　B*** They may have taken place during take-off and landing.

　　C*** They were proved to have been caused by the passengers’ portable computers.

　　D*** They were suspected to have resulted from electromagnetic interference.

　　23. Few airlines want to impose a total ban on their passengers using electronic devices because ________.

　　A*** they don’t believe there is such a danger as radio interference

　　B*** the harmful effect of electromagnetic interference is yet to be proved

　　C*** most passengers refuse to take a plane which bans the use of radio and cassette players

　　D*** they have other effective safety measures to fall back on

　　24. Why is it difficult to predict the possible effects of electromagnetic fields on an airplane’s computers?

　　A*** Because it is extremely dangerous to conduct such research on an airplane.

　　B*** Because it remains a mystery what wavelengths are liable to be interfered with.

　　C*** Because research scientists have not been able to produce the same effects in labs.

　　D*** Because experts lack adequate equipment to do such research.

　　25. It can be inferred from the passage that the author ________.

　　A*** is in favor of prohibiting passengers’ use of electronic devices completely

　　B*** has overestimated the danger of electromagnetic interference

　　C*** hasn’t formed his own opinion on this problem

　　D*** regards it as unreasonable to exercise a total ban during flight

 

　　21. C 22. D 23. B 24.C 25. A


 

　　Now let us look at how we read. When we read a printed text, our eyes move across a page in short, jerky movement. We recognize words usually when our eyes are still when they fixate. Each time they fixate, we see a group of words. This is known as the recognition span or the visual span. The length of time ofr which the eyes stop ---the duration of the fixation ----varies considerably from person to person. It also vaies within any one person according to his purpose in reading and his familiarity with the text. Furthermore, it can be affected by such factors as lighting and tiredness.

　　Unfortunately, in the past, many reading improvement courses have concentrated too much on how our eyes move across the printed page. As a result of this misleading emphasis on the purely visual aspects of reading, numerous exercises have been devised to train the eyes to see more words at one fixation. For instance, in some exercises, words are flashed on to a screen for, say, a tenth or a twentieth of a second. One of the exercises has required students to fix their eyes on some central point, taking in the words on either side. Such word patterns are often constructed in the shape of rather steep pyramids so the reader takes in more and more words at each successive fixation. All these exercises are very clever, but it’s one thing to improve a person’s ability to see words and quite another thing to improve his ability to read a text efficiently. Reading requires the ability to understand the relationship between words. Consequently, for these reasons, many experts have now begun to question the usefulness of eye training, especially since any approach which

　　trains a person to read isolated words and phrases would seem unlikely to help him in reading a continuous text.

　　Q:

　　1. The time of the recognition span can be affected by the following facts except ________ .

　　A. one’s familiarity with the text

　　B. one’s purpose in reading

　　C. the length of a group of words

　　D. lighting and tiredness

　　2. The author may believe that reading ______.

　　A. requires a reader to take in more words at each fixation

　　B. requires a reader to see words more quickly

　　C. demands an deeply-participating mind

　　D. demands more mind than eyes

　　3 What does the author mean by saying “but it’s one thing to improve a person’s ability to see words and quite another thing to improve his ability to read a text efficiently.” in the second parapraph?

　　A. The ability to see words is not needed when an efficient reading is conducted.

　　B. The reading exercises mentioned can’t help to improve both the ability to see and to comprehend words.

　　C. The reading exercises mentioned can’t help to improve an efficient reading.

　　D. The reading exercises mentioned has done a great job to improve one’s ability to see words.

　　4. Which of the following is NOT true?

　　A. The visual span is a word or a group of words we see each time.

　　B. Many experts began to question the efficiency of eye training.

　　C. The emphasis on the purely visual aspects is misleading.

　　D.The eye training will help readers in reading a continuous text.

　　5. The tune of the author in writing this article is ________

　　A critical

　　B neutral

　　C prssimistic

　　D optimistic


 

　　【答案及詳解】

　　答案：CCCDA

　　1 C。事實細節題。第一段提到了影響視幅的因素：不同的人，不同的閱讀目的，對材料的熟悉程度，光線，疲勞。C“一組詞的長度”不是能影響視幅的因素，是本題的答案。

　　2 C。觀點態度題。作者在第二段第二句提到，眼睛訓練課程只注重了閱讀的視覺因素。倒數第二句書哦，閱讀要求具備理解單詞間關係的能力。因此選項C“閱讀需要大腦的深度參與”正確。作者沒有否定閱讀的視覺因素的必要性，但是也沒有說讀者應該練習拓寬視幅，加快閱讀速度。所以AB兩項都不正確。作者沒有對大腦和眼睛在閱讀過程中的重要性進行對比，所以不選D

　　3 C。 作者在這句話中先是肯定了那些閱讀練習提高看單詞的能力，然後提出了有效閱讀概念。後面句中還指出，有效閱讀需要的是理解單詞間的聯絡的能力。所以作者的意思應該是那些***訓練眼睛的***閱讀練習對與有效的閱讀無益。B與文章相反。D句是蘊涵其中一個意思，卻不是作者想表達的方向。

　　4 D。 第二段最後一句說，眼睛訓練對於幫助讀者閱讀連貫文章無益，所以D是錯的，是本題答案。

　　5 A。 參考前面的結構剖析，作者寫本文的主要目的是對那些只關注閱讀的視覺因素的閱讀能力課程進行批判，所以答案應該是A。