英語六級閱讀理解複習和答案

　　下面是小編整理的，希望對大家有幫助。

　　Feminist sociolinguists***社會語言學家***,over the course of the last few decades,have conducted studies that they believe support the conclusion that women are routinely discriminated against in Endlish-speaking society.They point to the words used to describe women,as well as the words used to describe society as a whole,as indications that the English language ,and therefore the English-speaking culture,is slanted towards the advantage of males.

　　The words used to describe women are used as instrument by feminist sociolinguists to denote an inherent sexism in the English language.Word pairs such as master and mistress and sir and madam,they claim ,epitomize such sexism.All of the words in question once held positive connotations but,while the masculine ***男性的***forms have retained their respectable associations,the feminine forms have undergone pejoration and now imply sexual promiscuity***混雜*** and other negative characteristics.Feminist researchers assume that such pejoration indicate that the status of women in English-speaking society is relatively low.

　　These researchers also find fault with the use of masculine words to describe unisex entities .For example ,they feel that there is nothing inherently mainly about mankind, the best man for the job,or the common man.Similarly,the use of such constructions as the “the average students is worried about his grades” indicate to these researchers an inherent sexism in English that is reflective of the cultures in which they are produced .

　　Carolyn Jacobson ,author of Non-sexist Language has proposed a solution to this conundrum***難題***.She advocates the elimination of all sexed words in favor of gender-neutral terms.No longer should we refer to actors and actresses or waiters and waitresses, as such dichotomies***男女有別*** allow for the possibility of negative connotations being associated with the feminine designation.Likewise,she believes that phrases such as mankind should give way to human kind and that the use of the masculine pronoun as the default should be abandoned in favor of neutral constructions.Thus, when sexism is eliminated from the English language ,the culture will be more amenable to he deliverance of women as well .

　　1. The primary purpose of this passage is to——

　　A compare and contrast ideology in various cultures

　　B prove a commonly held belief to be wrong

　　C describe a problem and a possible solution

　　D analyze the historical origins of a modern situation

　　2 According to the passage,gender-neutral constructions should be advocated because——

　　A the elimination of sexism in the English language will precede the elimination of sexism in the culture

　　B they are more grammatically sound than sexed structures

　　C unisex terms are less awkward in casual speech

　　D sex-specific terms always carry negative connotations

　　3 The author refers to mankind ,the best man for the job,and the common man in order to ——

　　A demonstrate the superiority of males in English-speaking society

　　B provide an example of speech that is slanted towards the advantage of males

　　C list the characteristics of the feminist socialinguist movement

　　D discount the notion that the English language discriminates against women

　　4 The word“perjoration most probably means——

　　A negative connotation

　　B positive connotation

　　C sexual characteristic

　　D respectable characteristic

　　5 In favor of gender-neutral terms,which of the following words can be used to describe unisex entities?

　　A mankind B chairperson

　　C superman D dragon lady

　　1. C主旨題。文章第一、二、三段描述問題，第四段提供解決方案。

　　2. A推論題。文章第一段、三段最後一句分別指明瞭語言文化的聯絡。

　　3. B 細節理解題。題目中所舉的例子為“an example of speech”。

　　4. A猜測詞義題。根據該詞的下文“ … and now imply sexual promiscuity and other negative characteristics”可以做出判斷。

　　5. B詞義判斷題。該詞可不分性別地使用，而其他三詞都有明確的性別指向。

　　An American friend has invited you to visit his family. You’ve never been to an American’s home before, and you’re not sure what to do. Should you take a gift? How should you dress? What time should you arrive? What should you do when you get there? Glad you asked. When you’re the guest, you should just make yourself at home. That’s what hospitality is all about: making people feel at home when they’re not.

　　The question of whether or not to bring a gift often makes guests embarrass. Giving your host a gift is not just a social nicety***繁文縟節*** in some cultures—it’s expected. But in American culture, a guest is not obligated to bring a resent. Of course, some people do bring a small token of appreciation to their host. Appropriate gifts for general occasions might be flowers, candy or—if the family has small children—toys. If you choose not to bring a gift, don’t worry. No one will even notice.

　　American hospitality begins at home—especially when it involves food. Most Americans agree that good home cooking beats restaurant food any day. When invited for a meal. You might ask, “Can I bring anything?” Unless it’s a potluck***百樂餐***, where everyone brings a dish, the host will probably respond, “No, just yourself.” For most informal dinners, you should wear comfortable, casual clothes. Plan to arrive on time, or else call to inform your hosts of the delay. During the dinner conversation, it’s customary to compliment the hostess on the wonderful meal. Of course, the biggest compliment is to eat lots of food!

　　When you’ve had plenty, you might offer to clear the table or wash the dishes. But since you’re the guest, your hosts may not let you. Instead, they may invite everyone to move to the living room for dessert with tea or coffee. After an hour or so of general chit chat, it’s probably time to head for the door. You don’t want to wear out your welcome. And above all, don’t go snooping***偷偷的窺探***around the house. It’s more polite to wait for the host to offer you a guided tour. But except for housewarmings, guests often don’t get past the living room.

　　Americans usually like to have advance notice when people come to see them. Only very close friends drop by unannounced. This is especially true if the guests want to stay for a few days. Here’s a good rule of thumb for house guests: Short stays are best. As one 19th century French writer put it. “The first day a man is a guest, the second a burden, the third a pest.” Even relatives don’t usually stay for several weeks at a time. While you’re staying with an American family, try to keep your living area neat and tidy. Your host family will appreciate your consideration. And they may even invite you back!

　　Most Americans consider themselves hospitable people. Folks in the southern United States, in particular, take pride in entertaining guests. In fact, “southern hospitality” has become legendary. But in all parts of America, people welcome their guests with open arms. So don’t be surprised to find the welcome mat out for you. Just don’t forget to wipe your feet.

　　1. According to the first paragraph, the main point of hospitality is __________

　　A. taking a gift

　　B. dressing well

　　C. being exactly on time

　　D. making people feeling at home

　　2. The word ”pest”***Line 6. Para.5***means __________

　　A. an annoying person

　　B. a tame animal kept as a companion

　　C. poison for killing weeds

　　D. chemical substance used to kill insects

　　3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?

　　A. Home cooking is better than the food of every restaurant.