英語文章的閱讀理解

　　作文是英語考試的重中之重，英語作文要多練習多背誦，好的句子模板背下來，寫的時候就能夠靈活套用，今天小編給大家整理了一些好的文章，大家可以閱讀一下，提高自己的英語水平。

　　課外閱讀1

　　A Shanghai-based research has found that girls are overtaking boys in all grades, from primaryschool through university, China Youth Daily reported.

　　據《中國青年報》報道，上海一項研究得出結論，從小學直到大學，女生全面超越男生。

　　Data collected from almost 1,500 surveys show that in Shanghai, for students from grades 3 to 9, girls' average performance in all subjects surpasses that of their male counterparts, withthe discrepancy in the subject of English being the most significant one. This imbalance is alsoreflected in the disparity between male and female freshmen in universities. In 2010 alone, some 330,000 more women enrolled in universities nationwide.

　　近1500份問卷資料顯示，上海市的中小學生，從小學三年級到初中三年級，女生幾乎每一科都遙遙領先，英語成績的差異最為明顯。這種差異還反映在大學新生數量中。僅在2010年，考上大學的女生比男生多33萬人。

　　Most educational experts have claimed the current educational system, including its methodsand various rewarding systems, are girl-friendly. Compared with boys, girls are more self-disciplined and careful, and naturally score higher on tests that require good memorizationskills. A better performance in the lower grades will help boost the girls' confidence andthey will keep this level up throughout school.

　　多數教育專家都提出，現行的教育體系包括教育手段和獎勵體系，都“對女生更友好”。相比男生，女生更加自律、仔細，也自然在要求背誦記憶的考試中得分更高。而且在低年級成績好的女生會在求學階段會有自信一直保持優異。

　　Zhou Haiwang, a researcher with the Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences, said that boyslosing at the starting line aren't isolated cases but "an overall and ongoing issue." He is moreconcerned about the possible negative effects on the entire male population and in turn, social development.

　　上海社科院研究院周海旺稱，男生輸在起跑線上並非個案，而是一個“全域性性、趨勢性的問題”。他還擔憂潛在的負面影響會如何影響男孩，進而影響整個社會的發展。

　　課外閱讀2

　　Forget b-school. These days, d.school is the place to go.

　　忘掉商學院吧，如今求學要去設計學院。

　　Stanford University's d.school-the Hasso Plattner Institute of Design-has gained recognition inrecent years for introducing the trendy, but murky, problem-solving concept known as "designthinking" to executives, educators, scientists, doctors and lawyers. Now other schools arecoming up with their own programs.

　　斯坦福大學***Stanford University***的哈素•普拉特納設計學院***Hasso Plattner Institute of Design***提出一種名為"設計思維"的理念，在近年來獲得了外界認可。這種設計思維是針對企業高管、教育界人士、科學家、醫生和律師而提出的一種時尚、但相當模糊的問題解決方式。如今，其他學校也開始紛紛開設類似的課程。

　　Design thinking uses close, almost anthropological observation of people to gain insight intoproblems that may not be articulated yet. For example, researchers may study the habits ofshoppers waiting to pay for groceries in order to create a more efficient checkout system thatmaximizes last-minute purchases while keeping customers moving quickly.

　　設計思維通過對人們進行密切、甚至近乎人類學研究式的觀察，來獲取深入資訊，以解決那些可能尚未浮出水面的問題。舉個例子，研究者可以通過研究購物者在收銀臺前排隊時的習慣來創立一套更高效的結賬系統，以便在保證消費者能夠快速通過收款臺的同時，充分利用消費者最後一刻的購買衝動。

　　Traditionally, companies have relied on focus groups to get feedback on products that werealready in development. With design thinking, potential solutions-products, processes orservices-are modeled, often using simple materials like markers and pipe-cleaners, then testedand quickly adjusted based on user feedback.

　　按照傳統方式，企業會依靠對焦點人群的調查來獲取對已開發產品的反饋。而採用設計思維模式後，企業會將潛在的解決方案──包括產品、流程和服務──製成模型，這些模型通常會使用簡單的材料，然後對其進行測試並根據使用者反饋快速地進行調整。

　　The d.school was launched in 2005-one of the first of its kind-with help from a $35 milliondonation by SAP AG SAP.XE +0.49%co-founder Hasso Plattner, who has said he was inspiredto spread the practice after reading a magazine article about global consultancy IDEO, aleader in design thinking.

　　斯坦福的這家設計學院是於2005年在SAP AG創始人之一哈素•普拉特納***Hasso Plattner***3,500萬美元的資助下建立的，屬於最早的一批設計學院。普拉特納曾表示，他是在雜誌上看到一篇關於全球諮詢公司IDEO的文章後，受到了啟發，遂決定要讓更多人瞭解這種方式。IDEO公司是設計思維方式的倡導者。

　　Designed to ignite creativity and collaboration, the d.school's interior looks like a preschoolplayroom for grown-ups: Colorful furniture, open spaces and neon Post-it Notes abound. Theschool said much of the lay out is for the sake of teamwork, as hard chairs and small tablesencourage student groups to remain on their toes and work more closely with each other.

　　為了激發創造力和合作精神，哈素•普拉特納設計學院的裝潢設計很獨特，內部看起來就好像是為成年人準備的幼兒園遊戲室：色彩明亮的傢俱、開放式的空間、各種顏色的即時貼比比皆是。這家學院表示，大多數設計都旨在促進團隊合作，像是很硬的座椅和不大的課桌可以鼓勵學生們一直站著，走近彼此以便更密切地合作。

　　The d.school doesn't award degrees and isn't tied to any individual department, but two to fourtimes as many students want to take its courses than there are seats available. It now enrolls 700 students a year, up from 100 in its inaugural year. Courses run the gamut from designingproducts for the world's poor to "D.Compress: Designing Calm," in which students designtechnology that "enables calm states of cognition, emotion and physiology."

　　這家設計學院並不授予學位，也不附屬於任何一個院系，但是希望上設計學院課程的學生人數是學院所能接受學生數的兩到四倍。目前該學院每年接收700名學生，比初創那年的100名學生多出不少。課程設定涉及領域相當廣泛，有些課程要求學生設計出供世界各地窮人所使用的產品，還有一門名為"D.Compress: DesigningCalm"的課程，教授學生能夠在認知、情感和生理上帶來平靜狀態的設計技巧。