湖北武漢歸元寺解說詞範文

　　歸元寺是中國國務院首批公佈的開展宗教活動的重點寺廟，屬國家AAAA級景點，下面小編為大家帶來了，希望對你有所幫助!

　　歸元寺解說詞

　　上有寶光，下有西園，北有碧雲，中有歸元。”歸元禪寺位於武漢漢陽翠微峰下的翠微路西側，與古琴臺相鄰。言“歸元無二路，方便有多門。”歸元寺寺名即來源於此。歸元寺原址為明代的私人花園，到一六五八年，由園主佈施給化緣和尚在此修造了三座小塔，塔中掩埋無主的屍骨。後來蛻薪鄧財物修建寺廟，又經歷代陸續重建，遂成為今日的格局。現歸元寺建築面積二萬多平方米?

　　主體建築分內外兩院。外院主要由門樓、庭院、池塘組成;內院由北院藏經閣、中院大雄寶殿及南院羅漢堂三個主體建築，以及天王殿、地藏王殿等組成。歸元寺給人的一個突出印象是它的建築風格與其他寺院不大一致。它不具有整齊對稱的巨集大格局，卻略顯雜亂。原來，初建寺院時，化緣的和尚無法在短期內湊聚足夠的錢財做整體安排。有錢時就趕快買地搶修，否則等到錢籌集足夠時，周圍構想中的地方則已被別人搶先買了。和尚們不得已，只能夠有一筆錢就修一處。山門朝東，建築物卻由南向北逐次側進。與一般大叢林相比，歸元寺“百尺茂林，千杆修竹，紅分日剎，綠繞雲房”，多彩多姿，秀麗宜人。

　　經過荷葉滴綠、蓮花盛開的蓮池，就是大雄寶殿，殿內釋迦像兩旁是海島觀音，以及二十四諸天等像，放置在一個傾斜的面上，工藝水平極高。尤為值得注意的是，釋迦像前供桌的垂簾，它不是一般的紡織物，而是木刻而成的木質垂簾。垂簾古樸典雅造型獨特，有較高的欣賞價值，是一件不可多得的藝術珍品。

　　向北而行可到藏經閣，其建築壯麗，裝飾典雅，是歸元寺收藏文物的寶庫。閣內藏有清一套和貝葉真經、牙雕或銅鑄佛像，俱為珍品，此外尚有國外贈送的佛事文物若干。正廳陳列了一座緬甸玉雕釋迦佛像，十分精美。

　　藏經閣向西，繞過大士閣，南行至南院的羅漢堂，進入內室，可以看見呈”田”字形排列的五百羅漢。它們起伏坐臥，喜怒哀樂，各具姿色，各富特色，或盤腿端坐、或抱石問天、或研讀佛經、或驅除邪魔，動作各不相同，有的勇武、有的溫和、有的天真憨坦、有的飽經滄桑，表情個個有異，有的在怡然自得地掏耳朵，有的在百無聊賴地打著呵欠，使人忍俊不禁。羅漢製作的工藝水平很高，為十九世紀末清光緒年間黃陂縣王氏父子費時九年製成。工藝上採用了漆布脫胎漆型的特殊方法:先用泥胎塑制模型，再用厚布、生漆逐層貼上套塑，並使每座羅漢的頭部、兩肩、肋骨、腿骨等各自形成一個傾向，從而用藝術的線條形象勾勒出一個大的面，使動作、表情各異。這種工藝方法既利於固形，經久不變，又能夠防腐，經久不壞，此法為中國獨有。一九五四年武漢發大水，五百羅漢滿堂飄浮，水退之後卻完好無損，因此武漢民間又有了“五百羅漢洗過澡”的說法。

　　歸元寺也是近代佛學復興的發源地之一。一九二二年間春，太虛法師在歸元寺講經弘法，時聽者甚眾，激發太虛弘法志願，與兩湖聽講的名流商議，為更好地弘法利生，必須設立佛學院，廣泛培養佛學人才，此是武昌佛學院得以興辦的緣起之一。

　　歸元寺導遊詞介紹

　　歸元寺以建築完美、雕塑絕妙、珍藏豐富而聲震佛門，港澳同胞、海外僑胞以及許多外國遊客包括各國政要如柬埔寨西哈努克國王、美國國務卿基辛格、新加坡前總理李光耀、日本首相中曾根康弘等都曾先後來此觀賞，並分別向該寺贈送禮品。

　　歸元寺位於武漢市內，是清順治十五年***1658***浙江僧人白光、主峰來此建立的。1983年被國務院確定為漢地全國重點佛教寺院。現為湖北省佛教協會和武漢市佛教協會的所在地。這裡古樹參天，花木繁茂，泉清水綠，曲徑通幽，是“漢西一境”，取“歸元性不二,方便有多門”的佛偈而命名。

　　歸元寺由北院、中院和南院三個各具特色的庭院組成，擁有藏經閣、大雄寶殿、羅漢堂三組主要建築，佔地面積17500多平方米。北院的主要建築是藏經樓，是一座兩側五開間的樓閣式建築，高約25米，頂為大脊，魚角搬爪，飛栱飛簷，古樸玲瓏;當面為四柱通天，雙鳳朝陽，五龍戲珠。整個建築精巧壯觀，金碧輝煌。這裡藏有許多佛教文物，除藏經外，還有佛像、法物、石雕、書畫碑帖及外文典籍，是國內收藏佛像較多的一個佛寺。1935年太虛法師出訪緬甸時，仰光的佛教徒贈他一尊1噸多重的玉石雕成的釋迦牟尼佛像，就供奉在這裡。這種佛像在我國只有三尊，其他二尊分別列供於北京和上海。藏經閣裡收藏的佛經有：清代《龍藏》一部，宋代影印本《磧砂藏》一部，清末民初上海印《頻伽藏》一部。另外還有兩件珍品：一是清光緒元年***1875***，湖南衡山69歲老人李舜千書寫的“佛”字。“佛”字是在長寬不超過6寸的紙上，由《金剛經》和《心經》原文共5424個字組成。每個字只有芝麻大，肉眼分辨不清。用30倍放大鏡看，筆力挺秀，是書法珍品。另一件是武昌僧人妙榮和尚刺血調和金粉抄成的《華嚴經》和《法華經》，字型娟秀，堪稱精品。

　　南院的主體建築是羅漢堂，始建於清道光年間，咸豐二年***1852***毀於兵災，光緒二十一年***1895***重建，1902年完成，至今有二百年曆史。民間有句諺語：上有寶光***成都***，下有西園***蘇州***，北有碧雲***北京***，中有歸元***武漢***。是說這四個寺院的五百羅漢堂是最具代表性的，是佛教塑像的精華。中國漢地佛教供奉五百羅漢是從五代時開始的。當時，吳越王錢氏在天台山方廣寺造五百銅羅漢。五百羅漢的名號，最早見於五代的《復齋碑錄》，惜今已不存。另有南宋紹興四年***1134***，高道素所錄《江陰軍乾明院羅漢尊號碑》，將五百羅漢一一起名造姓。歸元寺的羅漢堂布局成“田”字型。四個小天井給龐大深邃的殿堂提供了良好的通風和採光條件。羅漢依“田”字排列，殿堂裡儘管安放了五百多尊塑像，卻沒有擁擠之感。這種建築格局既巧妙又合理。這裡的五百羅漢是湖北黃陂縣王代父子用九年時間塑成的。黃陂至今是湖北的雕塑之鄉，有悠久的泥塑傳統，技藝嫻熟，藝人輩出。據《歸元叢林羅漢碑記》，歸元寺的五百羅漢，是以南嶽衡山祝聖寺的五百羅漢石刻拓本為依據，進行加工提煉，創造而成的。工藝上採用“脫胎漆塑”，又稱“金身託沙塑像”。先用泥胎塑成模型，然後用葛布生漆逐漸沾巾套塑，稱為漆布空塑，最後飾以金粉。它的特點是抗潮溼，防蟲蛀，經久不變。兩百年間羅漢堂幾次受水災侵襲，但水退後羅漢仍完好無損。

　　走進羅漢堂，無不被它們的生動形象所感染。只見有的盤腿端坐，有的臥石看天，有的研讀佛經，有的驅邪除惡，有的勇武，有的溫良，有的天真憨厚，有的飽經滄桑，個個惟妙惟肖，活靈活現。如第463尊羅漢是陀怒尊者，周圍有6個童子，為羅漢挖耳，掩嘴，遮眼等，稱“六戲彌勒”。“六”即眼、耳、鼻、舌、身、意。它告誡佛門弟子，不要為凡情所染。塑像中把孩子的天真爛漫，嬌稚頑皮和羅漢的慈祥憨厚的神態刻畫得淋漓盡致。“數羅漢”是人們遊羅漢堂的趣事。據說我們任意從一尊羅漢開始，順下數完自己的現有的年齡，這最後一尊羅漢的身份、表情和動作，便可昭示數者的命運。這一活動為人們參觀羅漢堂增添了不少樂趣。

　　羅漢堂外側地藏殿內，供奉著地藏菩薩。殿內的木刻神龕為佳品，其間斗栱飛簷，魚度搬爪，雙鳳朝陽，飛龍滾柱，浮雕垂柱，花草人物，均極為精巧玲瓏，為國內少有的藝術珍品。

　　中院的主體建築是大雄寶殿。該殿初建於清順治十八年***1661***，後經多次維修。現大雄寶殿是清光緒三十四年***1908***重修。大殿正中供奉著釋迦牟尼坐像，兩側為其弟子阿難和迦葉像。釋迦偏袒左肩，結跏趺坐，莊嚴靜穆。佛像後背是用樟木雕刻而成的“五龍捧聖”的圖案。佛像前還有韋馱、彌勒、地藏像。佛像後是一組海島觀音像。只見海島觀音赤足站立，左右侍立著一龍女和童子，背後是一面高達八尺的泥塑懸崖峭壁，足下碧波萬頃，怒濤洶湧。整個塑像向前傾覆。人們仰視上去，只見觀音衣袖似在飄動，正在洶湧的波濤上迎面向你走來，增加了宗教藝術的感染力。佛像前的供桌，是一件不可多得的木刻珍品。供桌高4丈8尺，橫闊1丈2尺，深寬2.5尺，前嵌垂欄，寬1.5尺，高0.6尺，其間分為五格，深畫鏤空。圖案描繪的是唐玄奘取經回長安時，君民夾道歡迎的場面：有唐僧、孫悟空、豬八戒、沙和尚等《西遊記》人物，有李世民以下文武百官、侍衛、庶民百姓;有亭院殿牆，車馬山水，幢幡寶蓋，香爐蠟臺等一應俱全。綜觀全圖，繁複活潑，盛況空前。垂欄下沿為五龍雲彩，周圍匝繞，以四虎腿支地，生動有力。相傳這一樟木雕刻由十人歷時一年才完成。

　　大雄寶殿前的韋馱殿內，供奉著一尊木雕韋馱像，身著鎧甲，手持寶杵，威武挺立，用我國古代武將形象表達了古印度神話中“四大天王三十二將”之首的護法神形象。這座木雕系用整塊樟木雕成，線條刀法都是唐朝風格，是歸元寺的藝術珍品，也是我國雕刻藝術品中的一件寶貴遺產。

　　歸元寺屬曹洞宗，又稱歸元禪寺，它與寶通寺、溪蓮寺、正覺寺今稱為武漢的四大叢林。

　　湖北歸元寺英文導遊詞

　　guiyuan temple

　　chinese buddhist temples are never single buildings. they always consist of a group buildings following a fundamental patter, which can, however, be modified. the main buildings and their symmetrically corresponding secondary buildings form individual groups and courtyards. the entire temple complex is spacious. the building inside the complex are usually single-storied and the main halls are sometimes decorated with a double roof. the towers, pavilions and halls can be multi-storied structures.

　　the chinese temple complex has been subject to great structural changes throughout the centuries. but temple architects follow the basic principles of secular structures from the tang dynasty onwards. the complexes stand on a central axis, usually a north-south axis: east-west only as an exception. ***guiyuan temple is just the very exception.*** the main buildings are strung along this central axis, their broadest sides facing south or east.

　　the most important and most frequently presented building inside a buddhist temple complex are the main entrance gate, the bell and drum towers, the hall of the heavenly kings, the hall of the buddha and a pagoda.

　　buddhism is said to be founded in india in the 6th century bc by siddatha gautama ***bc565 –bc486***, the son of a nobleman and member of the kshatriya caste near the present borders of india and nepal. buddhism advocates that all the people are created equal and turns against the caste system of brahmanism, so it was popular with the common people.

　　it was said that buddhism was spread to china in 2 bc. at the beginning, it was only regarded as a kind of witch. about 200 ad, chinese version of buddhist s criptures began to appear, and thus, buddhist doctrines began to emerge with traditional chinese religious thought. from 2nd century to late 6th century, translation and research of buddhist sects with chinese characteristics were becoming more and more popular and many temples were built, which reached its peak in sui dynasty ***581ad-617ad*** and tang dynasty ***618-907***. some buddhist sects with chinese characteristics came into being. buddhism exerts a great influence on chinese philosophy, literature, art and folk customs.

　　what is presented before our eyes is a copper statue of a famous bodhisattva in hynayana buddhism. bodhisattva is a tittle which is only next to buddha. this statue is the image of avalokitesvara, which has been popular with chinese people or more than 1,000 years. she is called the goddess of mercy cordially by chinese and is regarded as the symbol of kindness, mercy and benevolence. when we visit the avalokitesvara pavilion after a while, i will give a detailed introduction about her. this copper statue was sent to guiyuan temple by taiwan buddhists in september 1990. it shows that all chinese, whether in the mainland or in taiwan, are eager for the reunion of the country, even including religion believers.

　　the building we see now is the buddha hall where one certain buddha and his two assistant bodhisattvases are worshiped. this buddha is amitabha buddha. amitabha means incomparable brightness. according to buddhism, time and space is limitless and thus there are many many buddhas in different spaces and times. but in a certain space or in a certain period of time, there is only one certain buddha who is in charge of instructing all living creatures. amitabha buddha is the buddha who presides over the land of ultimate bliss in the west, which will come in the future. buddhist s criptures describe the land of ultimate bliss as a wonderland, in which no pain exists and the people enjoy their lives. in one word, it’s very attractive. some people will think it must be very difficult to enter such a world. how can i go to such a paradise? maybe i have to work hard and bear a lot of sufferings. in fact, it’s very easy to enter the world. he only need often murmur ‘may buddha preserve us’ sincerely. it’s enough.

　　you see, the statue in the middle is the very buddha. on his left is the goddess of mercy. on his right is the other bodhisattva who follows the buddha. it is said that he can save all the living creatures from three kinds of terrible disasters.