閱讀題型之邏輯關係題

　　三、邏輯關係題
　　這種題型的主要命題方式有：
　　From the passage we know that______．
　　The first sentence in the passage tells us that________．
　　1．句子之間的邏輯關係題。正確勾畫出訊號詞對這種題非常有用。只要找到訊號詞，就可以把握句子之間到底是因果關係還是轉折關係。但在更多情況下，邏輯關係並沒有明顯的標誌詞，這時一定要小心分析句子之間存在的隱形的邏輯關係。
　　2．文章各段之間的關係。文章各段落之間的邏輯關係通常都體現在段落的開頭和結尾。找到前一段的最後一句與後一段的第一句之間的關係便成為解題的關鍵。一般段落之間的關係有時間先後順序、平行列舉關係、對比結構關係、因果關係等。因為為了使文章的結構嚴密，作者通常會使用一些表示次序、遞進、轉折等的過渡詞，勾畫出這些標誌詞可以方便理解段落之間的關係。
　　例如：
　　Shakespeare said that" some are born great, some achieve greatness, and some have greatness thrust upon them. "So it is with leadership. Some men are born with capacity for leadership. Some acquire that art by watching and studying the actions of those around them. Other persons find themselves thrown into unusual situations which require them to draw on resources they never realized they had, and events bring out marked leadership. Most of us are never put to such tests. Most of us are not born leaders.
　　Q: At the beginning of the passage, Shakespeare's words are quoted
　　A***to make readers appreciate the writer's style
　　B***to show the writer's appreciation of Shakespeare's ideas
　　C*** to stress the importance of good leadership
　　D***to help describe different kinds of leaders
　　“so it is”意思是“也一樣”，看出這裡是類比關係，表明莎士比亞的話同樣適用對領導才能的描述。莎翁提到3種不同的人，那麼領導人也有至少3種類型，由此可知，作者引述這句話的目的在於描繪不同型別的領導，故正確選項是D***。