上海市靜安區高三二模英語試卷
隨著2017高考的結束，2018的學生也進入了高三的學習，學生在複習的時候，需要多做題，下面的小編將為大家帶來關於上海二模的英語試卷的介紹，希望能夠幫助到大家。
分析
第I卷 共103分
Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
A. The traffic is too heavy. B. He can’t get up that early.
C. There is no bus that early. D. He is always late.
2. A. In her office. B. At home. C. In a call box. D. In a supermarket.
3. A. Swimming. B. Tennis. C. Skiing. D. Running.
4. A. Tuesday morning. B. Tuesday afternoon.
C. Wednesday morning. D. Wednesday afternoon.
5. A. They will meet Mike on the way . B. They will have an early start.
C. Mike is usually late. D. Mike may not come tomorrow.
6. A. He enjoyed food there. B. The place was beautiful.
C. He saw fireworks. D. He met an old friend.
7. A. To call Sam. B. To make her address book tidy.
C. To buy a new mobile phone. D. To go out with the man.
8. A. Jane is going to be an accountant. B. Jane is eager to go home for the vacation.
C. Jane won’t spend the summer at home. D. Jane is already on her way home.
9. A. The neighbor shouldn’t decorate the house.
B. The neighbor shouldn’t sleep early.
C. The neighbor should not make noises at night.
D. The neighbor should move out.
10. A. Things in France are really cheap.
B. Things in France are not cheap as are expected.
C. Things in France are the most expensive in the world.
D. Things in France are cheaper than in US.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. She sat back and relaxed. B. She decided to retire.
C. She entered university. D. She worked out a new English program.
12. A. Bring a great deal of useful experience to the university.
B. Improve human relationships in the university.
C. Bring a fear of aging among young students on the campus.
D. Improve the reputation of the university.
13. A. English and drama. B. How to make sound judgments.
C. How to teach minority students. D. To observe, not to judge.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following news.
14. A. A natural disaster. B. A power failure.
C. Homeless farmers. D. A serious accident.
15. A. Jews and some Arabs. B. Arabs and North Africans.
C. Jews and North Africans. D. North Americans and some Arabs.
16. A. Exchange them for banks. B. Save them for travelers.
C. Collect them for poor children. D. Spend them on duty-free goods.
Section C
Directions: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.
Blanks l7 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.
Summers with Father The boy’s opinion on the summers with his father: __17__. The cause of the boy’s taking summer courses: Their father thought he __18__ the part of their education. The boy’s summer courses included: __19__history and navigation. The goal of the boy’s voyage: Towards an __20__.
Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.
Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers? __21__. What does Mrs. Sutton inquire about? __22__ in England. What does Mr. Shaw advise Mrs. Sutton to do first? To find a family doctor and __23__ him or her. How far is Dr. Jones’s health center from their place? __24__.
Grammar and vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
A
Is It Safe to Fly With an Infant on Your Lap?
Federal 聯邦的 transportation safety officials are using the deadly crash of an overloaded plane in Montana to restore 25 ______________ long-standing debate about whether small children should be allowed to travel on the laps 大腿部 of adults.
The 10-seater plane crashed as it 26 ______________ land in Butte in March 2009, killing all 14 people aboard, including seven children. Investigators say that several of the children were found far from the plane, suggesting that they weren’t properly restrained.
The National Transportation Safety Board is asking regulators to require all passengers to have their own seats and seat belts, including children under the age of 2,who27 ______________ allow to sit on an adult’s lap now.
The crash was so severe that it’s unlikely anybody would have survived even with proper restraints, 28 ______________ the “accident renews the NTSB’s longstanding concerns” about the restraints, the recommendation reads.
The FAA 聯邦航空局 agrees that the safest place for a child on a flight is in a seat using an29 ______________ approve child restraint and not on an adult’s lap. But the FAA won’t make it a requirement because the agency believes many families with small children wouldn’t pay the cost of an extra ticket, and instead would travel by highway, which statistically is much more dangerous than air travel.
Last decade, the FAA considered30 ______________ change the rule, but decided against it, 31 ______________ refer to statistics 統計數字 from 2004 showing nearly 43,000 people died on U.S. highways, compared to 13 on commercial flights.
“What we found was 32 ______________ there were some parents who would be sensitive to price and they would choose to drive instead of fly,” FAA spokeswoman Alison Duquette said. “We would be forcing them into automobiles, which are less safe.”
B
Computers and Girls
The girls in this sixth grade class in East Palo Alto, California, all have the same access to computers as boys. But researchers say, by the time they get to high school, they are victims of 33 ______________ the researchers call a major new gender gap in technology. Janice Weinman of the American Association of University Women says, “Girls tend to be 34 ______________ comfortable than boys with the computer. They use it more for word processing rather than for problem solving, rather than to discover new ways in which 35 ______________ understand information.”
After re-examining a thousand studies, the American Association of University Women researchers found that girls make up only a small percentage of students in computer science classes. Girls constantly rate 36 ______________ significantly lower than boys in their ability and confidence in using computers. And they use computers less often than boys 37 ______________ the classroom.
The instructor of this computer lab says he’s already noticed some differences. Charles Cheadle of Cesar Chavez School says, “Boys are not so afraid that they might do something that will harm the computer, 38 ______________girls are afraid they might break it somehow.”
The software company Purple Moon says it has found what girls want --- characters they can relate to and story lines relative to what’s going on in their own lives. Karen Gould of Purple Moon Software says, “What we have definitely found from girls is that there is no essential reason 39 ______________ they wouldn’t want to play on a computer; it was just a content thing.”
The sponsor of the study says it all boils down to this --- the technology gender gap that separates the girls from the boys 40 ______________ be closed if women are to compete effectively with men in the 21st century.
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
Scientific breakthroughs mean that life expectancy continues to rise every year. But the medical advances which now make it possible to think about living to a very great age --- if not forever --- also raise profound practical and ethical issues.
Is immortality 永生 a realistic __41__?
Not for the foreseeable future. In last year’s Reith lectures, the gerontologist 老年病學家 Professor Tom Kirkwood firmly quashed 打消 the idea that genetic engineering might result in some kind of “fountain of youth”. Considering how __42__slow the battles against cancer, heart disease and strokes have been, he said, it is fanciful to imagine that we could conquer death. On the other hand, scientists do now understand more about why we age, and what can be done to slow down the process. “Our ancestral genes placed limited __43__on long-term maintenance and repair,” says Kirkwood. “Ageing comes about through the gradual build-up of __44__ faults in the cells and tissues of our bodies, not as the result of some active mechanism for death and destruction.” The __45__ , then, is to help the body repair the damage done by wear and tear.
How can that be done?
In many different ways, some of which are already pretty common. Organ transplants from pigs and monkeys are now old news --- the American politician Jesse Helms has just had a ten-year-old pig valve 瓣膜 in his heart __46__. Doctors have succeeded in __47__computerized implants directly to nerve fibres, allowing the deaf to hear, and there is hope that electrodes 電極 planted in the brain may soon offer hope for the blind to see. But the real __48__at the moment lies in the field of stem cells --- special cells that allow lizards 蜥蜴 to grow new tails and humans to grow new skin over __49__cuts. If scientists can learn how to control these cells, they could be used to reproduce parts of the body that are __50__.
Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Since Alzheimer’s disease 阿爾茨海默病and Parkinson’s disease 帕金森病 are common and many notable people have developed them, they have received more public attention.
Alzheimer’s Disease
Many people imagine that Alzheimer’s disease, the degenerative 退化的 disorder that eventually leaves sufferers with total memory loss, is an inevitable result of aging. This is not so. While the risks of contracting the disease increase with age, there are many elderly people whose memories are perfect. Most of us are so ill-__51__ about all forms of memory loss that we label everything as “Alzheimer’s ”. Alzheimer’s disease itself can affect people as young as 30 and can progress either quickly or slowly. It can also __52__ the blame for other non-degenerative conditions such as deep depression. __53__, only an examination of the brain tissue during an autopsy 解剖 can produce an accurate __54__ of the disease.
The causes of Alzheimer’s are unknown. They may be either __55__ or environmental. A study in 1996 of 13,000 people whose parents or siblings had the disease showed they had five times __56__ chance of passing away by the age of 80 than those with no family history of the problem.
__57__, there are other factors. In a study of identical twins, it was found that only about half of the twin pairs developed Alzheimer’s and, when both twins __58__ it, they did so as much as 15 years apart. The possibility that environment plays a part was boosted by another 1996 study, this time of two groups of elderly Japanese men. One group lived in Hawaii, the other group in Japan. The Hawaiian group had a much higher incidence of the disease.
Aluminum 鋁 has been blamed for the development of Alzheimer’s. This is because a high level aluminum has been found in the brains of sufferers. The disease was first diagnosed at the beginning of the 20th century. It was at this time that aluminum was becoming widely __59__ for use in cooking pots.
Memory loss, __60__ in performing familiar tasks, and problems with abstract thinking are all indicators of the beginning of the disease. One unusual feature is its impact on language. It attacks nouns first, then verbs. Grammar is one of the last things to go.
Parkinson’s Disease
Parkinson’s disease PD is a progressive disorder of the central nervous system which __61__ more than one million Americans. Individuals with PD lack the substance dopamine 多巴胺, which is __62__ for the central nervous system’s control of muscle activity. Parkinson’s Disease is often characterized by shake, inflexibility in limbs and joints, speech disability and difficulty in __63__ physical movement. Late in the course of the disease, some patients develop dementia 痴呆症 and eventually Alzheimer’s disease. __64__, some Alzheimer patients develop symptoms of Parkinson’s disease. Medications such as levodopa 左多巴, which changes itself into dopamine once inside the brain, which prevents degeneration of dopamine-containing neurons 神經細胞, are used to improve diminished or __65__ motor symptoms in PD patients, but do not correct the mental changes that occur.
51. A. judged B. equipped C. informed D. advised
52. A. take B. put C. lay D. hold
53. A. On the other hand B. For example C. After all D. In the end
54. A. description B. demonstration C. diagnosis D. illustration
55. A. natural B. instinctual C. genetic D. internal
56. A. slighter B. fainter C. less D. more
57. A. Therefore B. However C. Instead D. Finally
58. A. came up with B. did away with C. went down with D. put up with
59. A. available B. valuable C. memorable D. inaccessible
60. A. complaint B. difficulty C. ease D. complexity
61. A. touch B. influence C. concern D. affect
62. A. important B. unimportant C. priceless D. worthless
63. A. stopping B. changing C. initiating D. controlling
64. A. Additionally B. Contrarily C. Consequently D. Particularly
65. A. treated B. showed C. released D. reduced
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
A
The stylistic innovation in painting known as Impressionism began in the 1870’s. The Impressionists wanted to depict 描繪 what they saw in nature, but they were inspired to portray incomplete moments by the increasingly fast pace of modern life. They concentrated on the play of light over objects, people, and nature, breaking up seemingly solid surfaces, stressing vivid contrast between colors in sunlight and shade, and depiction reflected light in all of its possibilities. Unlike earlier artists, they did not want to observe the world from indoors. They abandoned the studio, painting in the open air and recording spontaneous自然的impressions of their subjects instead of making outside sketches and then moving indoors to complete the work from memory.
Some of the impressionists’ painting methods were affected by technological advances. For example, the shift from the studio to the open air was made possible in part by the arrival of cheap rail travel, which permitted easy and quick access to the countryside or seashore, as well as by newly developed chemical dyes and oils that led to folding paint tubes, which enabled artists to finish their paintings on the spot.
Impressionism acquired its name not from supporters but from angry art lovers who felt threatened by the new painting. The term “Impressionism” was born in 1874, when a group of artists who had been working together organized an exhibition of their paintings in order to draw public attention to their work. Reaction from the public and press was immediate, and derisive 嘲笑的. Among the 165 paintings exhibited was one called Impression: Sunrise, by Claude Monet 1840-1926.Viewed through hostile eyes, Monet’s painting of a rising sun over a misty, watery scene seemed messy, hurried, and an insult to good taste. Borrowing Monet’s title, art critics extended the term “Impressionism” to the entire exhibit. In response, Monet and his 29 fellow artists in the exhibit adopted the same name as a symbol of their unity, despite individual differences. From then until 1886 Impressionism had all the enthusiasm for a “church”, as the painter Renoir put it. Monet was faithful to the Impressionist belief until his death, although many of the others moved on to new styles.
66. Which of the following was one of the distinguishing characteristics of Impressionist painting according to the passage?
A. The emphasis on people rather than nature scenes.
B. The way the subjects were presented from multiple angles.
C. The focus on small solid objects.
D. The depiction of the effects of light and color.
67. The exhibition of paintings organized in 1874 resulted in all of the following EXCEPT___________.
A. attracting attention from the public
B. a negative reaction from the press
C. an immediate demand for the paintings exhibited
D. creating a name for a new style of painting
68. Which of the following caused the rejection of the impressionist exhibition?
A. The small number of paintings on display.
B. Lack of interest in exhibitions by young artists.
C. The similarity between all the paintings exhibited.
D. Anger about seemingly poorly painted art.
69. What aspect of painting in the nineteenth century does the passage mainly discuss?
A. The impact of some artists’ resistance to the fast pace of life.
B. The differences between two major styles of art.
C. A technological advance in the materials used by artists.
D. A group of artists with a new technique and approach to art.
B
70. Which of the following is correct according to the web page?
Athletes and teams are battling for 42 places in qualifying competitions.
Qualification can be achieved according to the world rankings of the athletes.
All qualified athletes who have earned places will be sent to the Rio Olympics.
The qualification system for football is determined by IOC.
71. When you click on the sports, you will probably read the following information EXCEPT ___________.
the Olympic qualification system for each of the 42 sports
the list of the countries that have qualified for the Olympics
the official release of the qualifying competitions results
the world rankings of the athletes in previous years
72. Which of the following about “a quota place for the Olympics” is NOT correct?
Each nation must earn a quota place to send athletes to the Olympic Games.
It is possible that unplaced athletes will win quota places for the Olympic Games.
A quota place guarantees the athlete who earns it will be competing in the Olympic Games.
Each National Olympic Committee makes the final decision on which athlete to fill the quota.
C
The Federal Communications Commission 聯邦通訊委員會 FCC Chairman Kevin Martin just relaunched the formal review of media ownership rules. The agency’s “Further Notice of Proposed Rulemaking,” issued July 25, is vague, but its intention is clear: to let a few giant media corporations swallow up more local television channels, radio stations and newspapers in a single market. Martin’s main target is the ban on “newspaper-broadcast cross-ownership” that prohibits one company from owning the major daily newspaper as well as radio and TV stations in the same area. He’d also like to allow one company to own more than one TV station in smaller markets, and more than two in the largest cities. A few powerful firms in major cities have won waivers 棄權 to the ban, or at least delays on enforcement, but those are the exceptions.
That Déjà vu you’re feeling is because the FCC tried to push through the same rule changes in 2003 under then-Chairman Michael Powell. In response, millions of people --- encouraged by groups such as the National Rifle Assn. and the National Organization for Women --- contacted the FCC and Congress to voice their opposition. The FCC approved the rule changes anyway, only to see them nearly overturned by Congress and then rejected by the courts. Despite the overwhelming public opposition, Martin’s latest attempt to eliminate cross-ownership rules is driven by the massive lobbying 遊說 of a cartel 企業聯盟 of second-tier big media companies specializing in newspaper and broadcast station ownership, such as Gannett, Media General and Tribune. Their motive is bigger profits.
But what’s good for Big Media’s bottom line isn’t always good for the rest of us. The first victim of “media company towns” would be journalism. When one firm owns most of a city’s news outlets, who needs a bunch of competing newsrooms? Investigative reporting and extensive local coverage requires a costly staff. It’s far cheaper to syndicate 出售給多個媒體 fare from headquarters than to support a diversity of local voices. If your readers and viewers don’t like it, where else are they going to go?
Once the big chains start selling and exchanging their properties to build up larger fiefdoms 地盤,the already declining number of independent and minority owners will be further squeezed out. Today, just one in five daily newspapers is owned by individuals or companies that don’t own any other newspapers. According to the most recent FCC data, fewer than 4% of radio stations and 2% of TV stations are owned by minorities.
Industry and Wall Street publicity says local media can’t compete without further consolidation 整合. Yet media companies already enjoy higher profit margins than most industries. They say we must deregulate 解除控制. But radio and TV station ownership is by definition regulated --- these are the public airwaves and there are only so many channels available in a community. The only question is on whose behalf will Washington make the rules: major media companies or the public?
73. The rule on “newspaper-broadcast cross-ownership” intends to ___________.
A. prevent companies from owning both television and radio stations
B. limit a company from owning more than one television station
C. replace giant media corporations with media company towns
D. protect local voices, vigorous competition and diverse viewpoints
74. Which of the following will probably happen if the FCC’s rule changes are approved?
A. The government will completely dominate public speech. B. The public will voice their strong opposition to Congress.
C. The number of radios and TV stations will decline sharply.
D. The local media competition will be almost eliminated.
75. “Déjà vu” Line l, Paragraph 2 probably means a feeling that___________.
A. a new situation has occurred before
B. a familiar situation becomes unfamiliar
C. the situation has run out of control
D. the situation is better than expected
76. Which of the following is true according to the text?
A. The former chairman of the FCC ignored public opinion with a risk.
B. A company is forbidden to own more than one newspaper.
C. The local news outlets are controlled by independent companies.
D. Media industry used to be an unprofitable industry.
77. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?
A. Can We Hear More Local Voices?
B. Do We Really Want Big Media to Get Even Bigger?
C. How Will FCC’s Action Affect Consumers?
D. How Will Washington Make Media Ownership Rules?
Section C
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.
Employers in some unlikely places say they’re having trouble filling jobs. Factory managers in Ho Chi Minh city report many of their $62-a-month workers went home for the Tet 越南春節holiday in February and never came back. In Bulgaria, computer experts are in such demand that they can’t be bothered to answer the want ads of a Los Angeles movie studio. And in Peoria, Caterpillar Inc. is struggling to train enough service technicians. The problem in each case: not enough people who are both able and willing to do the work for the posted pay. “We’ve got a global problem and it’s going to continue to get worse,” says Stephen Hitch, a human resources manager at Caterpillar.
A global labor shortage, already being felt by some employers, appears to have worsened in recent months. That’s in spite of widely publicized layoffs, including Citigroup’s plans to dismiss as many as 15,000 staff. In fact, U. S. unemployment remains low --- just 4.5% in February --- and even companies in countries with higher jobless rates are feeling under great pressure. “It’s not just a U. S. phenomenon,” says Jeffery A. Joerres, CEO of Manpower Inc., the staffing agency. On March 29, Manpower was to release the results of a survey of nearly 37,000 employers in 27 countries. The study found that 41% of them are having trouble hiring people they need.
What’s going on here? With global growth running at a strong 5% a year since 2004, the strategies that companies developed to hold down labor costs --- including offshoring 境外生產 work to low-wage countries --- are running out of gas far sooner than many expected. The seemingly inexhaustible pools of cheap labor from China, India, and elsewhere are drying up as demand exceeds the supply of people with the needed skills. “Companies were hoping they wouldn’t have to worry about human resources at all.” says Peter Capelli, director of the Center for Human Resources at the University of Pennsylvania’s Wharton School. “Now they do.” Corporations are determined to keep labor costs under control, so they’re reaching deeper into their bag of tricks. Some are doing more in-house training, so they don’t have to hire high-priced talent on the open market. Some are lowering their standards for new hires or moving operations to undeveloped territories other outsourcers 外包商 haven’t discovered, such as the Belarusian capital, Minsk, or smaller cities in Bulgaria and Romania.
Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.
78. It can be inferred that the Los Angeles movie studio ________________________________.
79. Why won’t the able people go to fill the jobs ?
__________________________________________________________________________.
80. What did western companies think of the cheap labor market from Asian countries? __________________________________________________________________________.
81. More in-house training in some companies aims at _________________________________.
第II卷 共47分
I. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
在日本，是不允許在地鐵和公共汽車上用手機打電話的。 forbid
我媽媽做飯時不僅考慮營養價值，還考慮花色品種。 variety
近年來隨著3D電影變得越來越流行，似乎3D電視也可能在不久的將來進入每個家庭。with
他生來就有殘疾，但從不沮喪，也從未屈服於困難。 nor
5. 孩子成年了還啃老，父母也是有責任的，甚至動物也知道應該教下一代如何生存。 responsible
II. Guided Writing
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
眾所周知，父母是孩子的啟蒙老師，請完整敘述你與父親或母親之間發生的一件至今令你印象深刻的事，並簡要說明此事對你的影響。