英語百分數的用法

  百分數在英語中用per cent***美作percent***表示,在句子中可作多種成分。接下來小編將為你介紹百分數在英語中的運用。

  在句子中作不同成分

  1***用作主語:

  Over eighty per cent of all families own a television.

  百分之八十以上的家庭都有電視機。

  What per cent of the population can read?

       人口中能識文斷字的百分比是多少?

  2***用作賓語或介詞賓語:

  They constitute eight per cent of the population.


        他們占人口的百分之八。

  The price of bread has gone up by 40 per cent in two years.

  麵包價格兩年間漲了百分之四十。

  3***用作定語:

  Leave the waitress a 15 per cent tip. 給女招待留下百分之十五的小費。

  There is a ten per cent service charge. 要收百分之十的服務費***小費***。

  4***用作狀語:

  I think it’s ninety per cent probable. 我看這有百分之九十的可能性。

  I’m not a hundred per cent convinced myself. 我自己也不是百分之百全信。

  5***偶爾作表語:

  12 is I percent of 1,200. 12是1,200 的百分之一。
 

  必須瞭解的一些基礎知識及用法

  一、必須知道的兩個名詞

  Percent的中文意思是:百分之…,如果你怕麻煩,還可以簡化成%,這個單詞還可以分開來寫成:per cent,例如:16%的男生有心理問題。

  1. 16% of the boys have mental problems.

  2. 16 percent of the boys have mental problems.

  3. 16 per cent of the boys have mental problems.

  Percent of…後面的名詞直接決定著後面謂語動詞的單複數形式。例如:

  16 percent of the boys are overweight.

  Over 60 percent of the earth surface is covered with water.

  但是,percentage中文是:百分率,百分比。如果用它表達上面的例句,可以說成:

  The percentage of the boys who have mental problems is 16 per cent.

  我們漢語中常說的百分點可以被表達成:percentage points,例如:

  Interest rate fell by six percentage points.

  利率下降了六個百分點。

  常見的片語有:a high/low/small percentage of,例如:

  A high percentage of married women have part-time jobs.

  已婚婦女兼職的比例非常高。

  二、必須知道的兩個動詞

  在表達“佔一定數量或比例”時,我們使用頻率最高的動詞有:

  Afro-Americans account for 12% of the US population.

  Afro-Americans make up 12% of the US population.

  非裔美國人佔美國人口的百分之十二。

  Account for還有另外一個常用用法,相當於動詞explain。請看例句:

  Recent pressure at work may account for his strange behavior.

  他行為怪異的原因可能是工作壓力大。

  相比之下,make up的意思非常豐富,用法更多。例如:

  They made him up as an old man for the last act of the play.

  在最後一幕中,他們把她裝扮成一個老頭。

  When you're the boss you can make up your own rules.

  當你是老闆時,你可以制定你自己的規矩。

  I don't eat breakfast but I make up for it at lunch.

  通常我不吃早飯,到中飯的時候在彌補。

  三、如何表達“比例高低”

  上面作文提示中,就有這樣的一句:

  大約12%的學生有情緒問題,其中,女生的比例比較高。

  那麼,如何表達比例的高低呢?最簡單的表達就是:

  Most of the students with emotional problems are girls.

  在有情緒問題的學生中,女生佔絕大多數。

  再高階的一點的表達,可以使用短語the majority of或者a minority of,例如:

  The majority of the students with emotional problems are girls.

  在有情緒問題的學生中,女生佔絕大多數。

  Only a minority of people support these new laws.

  只有少數的人支援這些新法律。

  此外,還有介詞短語in the majority和in a/the majority,上面的兩句句話可以說成:

  Among the students with emotional problems, girls are in the majority.

  在有情緒問題的學生中,女生佔絕大多數。

  People who support these new laws are in a minority.

  只有少數的人支援這些新法律。

  四、百分比的其他表達

  當出現多個百分比時,可以對數字進行一些處理和轉換,避免表達重複,例如:

  第一組:百分之二十五的新生來自農村。

  25 percent of the new students come from the countryside.

  A quarter of the new students come from the countryside.

  第二組:在受訪的人群中,百分之五十一的人支援這個運動。

  51% of people surveyed are in favor of the campaign.

  Over half of people surveyed are in favor of the campaign.

  第三組:這個班級有百分之六十七的學生患了近視眼。

  67 percent of the students in the class are short-sighted.

  About two-thirds of the students in the class are short-sighted.

  第四組:70%的老師贊成這個計劃,17%的人反對,13%的人不確定。

  70% of the teachers support the plan. 17% of them are against it. 13% are not sure.

  70% of the teachers support the plan. 17% of them are against it. The rest are unsure.

  五、三個重要的定語

  在百分比之後,常要加上一些限定詞,例如:

  16% of the students surveyed suffer from mental problems.

  在接受的學生當中,有16%的學生有心理問題。

  Boys make up 53% of the students with mental problems.

  在有心理問題的學生當中,男生佔53%。

  很多時候,我們也可以使用定語從句或分詞結構,例如上面的句子也可以寫成:

  Boys make up 53% of the students who suffer from mental problems.

  Boys make up 53% of the students suffering from mental problems.

  六、其他的表達技巧

  首先,看一個例句:

  16.2% of the boys have mental problems. 11.4% of the girls have mental problems.

  16.2%的男生有心理健康問題,11.4%的女生有心理健康問題。

  這是男女學生之間的對比,我們可以使用while把這個兩句話合二為一:

  16.2% of the boys have mental problems while 11.4% of the girls have mental problems.

  再認真看一下,這兩句話的謂語和賓語都一樣,只有主語不同,還可以簡化為:

  16.2% of the boys and 11.4% of the girls have mental problems.