初中英語知識點大總結

　　英語學習的各個環節都會涉及到英語知識點。下面是小編為大家帶來的，相信對你會有幫助的。

　　：動詞

　　***1*** 動詞的時態：

　　① 一般現在時

　　一般現在時的主要用法有兩點：其一表示一經常發生的動作，如： I always go to scho

　　ol at seven. 其二表示某一真理，事實，如： The earth moves around the sun.

　　② 現在完成時

　　現在完成時的主要用法有兩點：其一表示某一動作發生於過去，並持續下來，到現在完成

　　。如： I have studied English for two years. 其二表示某動作發生於過去並已結束，但其影響到現在。如： I haven’t had my lunch. I’m hungry now.

　　與現在完成時連用的詞語有：yet, already, before, since, ever, never等。

　　其考查要點：

　　其一： Have been表示曾經去過，如：I have been to America twice. 說此話的人應

　　已經回到國內。而He has gone to Japan.則此人目前已到日本去了。

　　其二：截止性動詞可以有現在完成時，但不可與表示一段長度的詞連用，如： The clas

　　s has begun. The class has been on for five minutes.

　　③ 一般過去時

　　表示過去發生的動作，過去的習慣或反覆發生的動作。如： Who broke the window? In those days, I studied hard at night every day. 與過去時連用的時間狀語有： at that time, ago, in 1949，　just now ***剛才***， last night, yesterday

　　④ 一般將來時

　　純將來時的表示法： shall/will+動詞原形

　　例： I’ll leave for Shanghai this evening.

　　表示按計劃要做或可能做的事： be going to+動詞原形

　　例： I’m going to help you tonight.

　　將來時的特殊表示法

　　a. be+coming/leaving/going/starting/arriving

　　例： Don’t worry. I’m coming.

　　b. be about to+動詞原形

　　例： He is about to leave, when the telephone rings.

　　c. 狀語從句中用一般現在時表示將來

　　例： If it rains tomorrow I won’t go to the party.

　　***2*** 情態動詞：

　　can： 能，會

　　例： He can do it very well.

　　may：　許可，可能性

　　例： May I use your pen?

　　must：　必要，禁止***多表示主觀看法***

　　例： You mustn’t play with fire.

　　have　to：　不得不***多表示客觀之事***

　　例： I have to go, because I have a meeting.

　　could與would：二者用於現在時表示語氣的委婉

　　例： Could you help me?

　　：句型

　　***1*** 賓語從句：

　　由疑問代詞或副詞引出的賓語從句

　　例： Could you tell me where the post office is?

　　Could you tell me what he said? ***what作said的賓語***

　　由that引出的賓語從句

　　例： They said that they would give me some help. ***that 僅作引導詞***

　　賓語從句中的疑問句要用陳述語序。

　　例： He asked when we would leave home.

　　***2*** 狀語從句：

　　狀語從句可包括：時間/地點/原因/結果/目的等狀語從句。

　　例：I will come when I am free.

　　I’m late because my bike is broken.

　　He went so early that he got a good seat.

　　She studied hard so that she would pass the exam.

　　狀語從句要用一般現在時表示將來。

　　例： If it rains tomorrow I shall not go to the cinema.

　　表示在一長動作進行過程中某一動作突然發生則長動作要用進行時態，而突發性動作要用一般時態。

　　例： When I’m reading a book， the telephone rings.

　　***3*** 反意疑問句

　　例： She can swim across the river, can’t she?

　　It’s a fine day， isn’t it?

　　Marry needs to have a rest, doesn’t she?

　　You have nothing to do, do you?

　　He seldom does homework， does he?

　　Don’t open the door， will you?

　　Open the door please， will you?

　　Let us have a rest， will you?

　　Let’s go, shall we?

　　***4*** 感嘆句：

　　例.　What a hot day it is!

　　How hot the weather is!

　　：不定式

　　***1*** 不定式在句中作賓語，狀語：

　　例： It has begun to rain.

　　I want to go to the cinema.

　　***2*** 不定式與疑問詞連用：

　　例： I want to know how to work.

　　I want to know what to do.

　　***3*** 不定式的否定句：

　　例： He told me not to do it.

　　④　省略to的不定式：

　　例： I saw him come this morning.

　　這樣的動詞有see, hear, watch等感官動詞，及have***作讓、使講*** make, let.

　　：一般現在時與現在完成時

　　1*** I come from Shanghai***上海人***

　　I have come from Shanghai***從上海來***

　　2*** You read very well. ***強調能力***

　　You've read very well. ***強調一次剛完成的動作***

　　3*** I forget.***一時想不起來了***

　　I have forgotten.***仍沒想起來，可能已回憶起來了***

　　4*** The book is written in simple English. ***表狀態***

　　The book has been written in simple English.***表動態，已用英語寫成***

　　5*** Every time I see him, he's been reading. ***兩個動作不可能同時進行***Every time I have seen him, he's been reading. ***強調兩個動作同時進行***

　　6*** He is gone. ***強調狀態***He has gone ***強調動作和時間***

　　7*** He won't come till the play begins. ***演出開始時***

　　He won't come till the play has begun.***戲已開始***

　　8*** After I leave school, I'll go to college. ***兩個動作緊密相接***

　　After I have left school, I'll go to college.***強調畢業後，兩個動作可能有間隔***

　　9*** It is a long time since I saw you last. It's been a long time since I saw you last.***這兩句話一樣，後一句是美國英語***

　　10*** Where are you? ***在哪***Where have you been?***去了哪***

　　：一般現在時與現在進行時

　　1*** He works hard.***強調始終如一***He is working hard.***強調現在***

　　2*** What do you do? ***幹什麼工作的***What are you doing?***在幹什麼***

　　3*** Here comes the bus! ***表高興和欣慰***

　　The bus is coming.***汽車到來的情景***

　　4*** I forget him name. I'm forgetting his name.***差點把他的名字忘了***

　　5*** You don't eat much. ***強調胃口不大***

　　You're not eating much.***你怎麼不吃呀***

　　6*** The match starts at 7 o'clock. ***比較固定，不宜改變***

　　The match is starting at 7 o'clock.***可以改變***

　　7*** Tom always comes late. Tom is always coming late.***表示不滿，責備***

　　8***Tom goes to college now.

　　Tom is going to college now.***這兩句區別不大，後者更生動***

　　9*** I tell you.***我可以告訴你***

　　I'm telling you.***我告訴你吧，有感情色彩***

　　10*** He always sleeps in the afternoon.

　　He is always sleeping in the afternoon.***後者意味著整個下午都睡掉了***

　　11*** I expect you to phone me. *** 幾乎等於命令***

　　I'm expecting you to phone me.***婉轉***

　　12*** What do you say? What are you saying?***你說些什麼呀，表說話人驚訝，不滿***

　　12*** I find that the book is too difficult for me.***強調結果***

　　I'm finding that the book is too difficult for me. ***強調過程，逐漸感到***

　　13*** Apples cost more these days.***強調事實***

　　Apples are costing more these days.***越來越貴***

　　14*** He always thinks of others.

　　He's always thinking of others.***表示讚揚***

　　15*** Whenever I see him, he argues with somebody.***強調兩個動作有先後***

　　Whenever I see him, he is arguing with somebody.***強調兩個動作同時進行***

　　16*** I hope you'll give us some advice.

　　I'm hoping you'll give us some advice.***表示語氣婉轉***

　　17*** I must go. ***我應該去***I must be going.***我該走了***

　　18*** We can discuss this while we eat.***說話是沒用餐***

　　We can discuss this while we are eating.***進餐已開始***