英語四級選詞填空專項訓練題目及答案

　　下面是小編整理的大學英語四級選詞填空專項訓練題目，以供大家學習參考。

　　When we think of green buildings, we tend to think of new ones-the kind of high-tech, solar-paneled masterpieces that make the covers of architecture magazines. But the US has more than 100 million existing homes, and it would be __1__ wasteful to tear them all down and __2__ them with greener versions. An enormous amount of energy and resources went into the construction of those houses. And it would take an average of 65 years for the __3__ carbon emissions from a new energy-efficient home to make up for the resources lost by destroying an old one. So in the broadest __4__, the greenest home is the one that has already been built. But at the same time, nearly half of US carbon emissions come from heating, cooling and __5__ our homes, offices and other buildings. "You can't deal with climate change without dealing with existing building," says Richard Moe, the president of the National Trust.

　　With some __6__, the oldest homes tend to be the least energy-efficient. Houses built before 1939 use about 50% more energy per square foot than those built after 2000, mainly due to the tiny cracks and gaps that __7__ over time and let in more outside air.

　　Fortunately, there are a __8__ number of relatively simple changes that can green older homes, from __9__ ones like Lincoln's Cottage to your own postwar home. And efficiency upgrades ***升級*** can save more than just the earth; they can help __10__ property owners from rising power costs.

　　[A] accommodations

　　[B] clumsy

　　[C] doubtfully

　　[D] exceptions

　　[E] expand

　　[F] historic

　　[G] incredibly

　　[H] powering

　　[I] protect

　　[J] reduced

　　[K] replace

　　[L] sense

　　[M] shifted

　　[N] supplying

　　[O] vast

　　答案解析：

　　1. 【答案】 G***。

　　【精析】副詞辨析題。空格前面是be動詞，後面為形容詞wasteful，因此空格處需要填入一個副詞。前一句中提到美國現有住宅1億多所，該句指出，如果全部拆毀，造成的浪費必然。incredibly"不能相信地，難以置信地"符合題意。

　　2. 【答案】 K***。

　　【精析】動詞辨析題。空格前面有連詞and，通過分析句子結構可知，空格處的詞語與前面的動詞tear為並列關係，因此空格處需要填入動詞原形。文章首句提到，綠色環保型住宅備受歡迎。本句中承接首句指出，如果拆毀現有住宅，綠色環保型住宅，將造成一種浪費。因此空格處應填入具有"重新建成"或"取而代之"意義的詞，且與後面的介詞with構成搭配。備選動詞中符合以上兩點要求的只有replace。replace...with...意為"用……取代……"。

　　3. 【答案】 J***。

　　【精析】形容詞辨析題。空格前面有定冠詞the，後面有名詞carbon emissions，因此需要填入一個形容詞。文章圍繞green buildings展開，也就是本句中提到的new energy-efficient home。而這種新型的綠色環保建築的最大特點就是能夠碳的排放，填入reduced"減少的"符合句意。這樣也就能與後面的不定式部分的句意"補償拆毀舊住宅所造成的資源浪費"保持一致。

　　4. 【答案】 L***。

　　【精析】名詞辨析題。空格前為形容詞最高階，因此其後應該填入名詞，且該名詞需要和前面的broadest搭配。備選名詞中能夠和broadest搭配的只有sense。實際上，此處為固定搭配in the broadest sense，意為"從廣義上來講"，是我們熟悉的短語in a sense的變化形式。

　　5. 【答案】 H***。

　　【精析】動詞辨析題。空格前面有連詞and，由此可知空格處的詞語與前面的heating和cooling是並列關係，因此推斷空格處的詞應該也為動名詞形式。動名詞形式有兩個，分別是powering和supplying，其中supplying常與with搭配，意為"供應"，此處不符合句意。 powering"向……提供能量"與前面的heating和cooling在意義上具有相關性，為正確答案。

　　6. 【答案】 D***。

　　【精析】名詞辨析題。空格前有介詞With，還有形容詞some，所以需要填入名詞一起構成句子的狀語。選項中名詞還有accommodations和 exceptions兩個。accommodations"住處"不符合句意。選擇exceptions"例外"構成短語with some exceptions，意為"除了一些特殊情況外"。

　　7. 【答案】 E***。

　　【精析】動詞辨析題。通過分析句子結構可知，空格位於that引導的定語從句中，連詞and前的句子缺少謂語動詞，且與and後面的let為並列關係，所以空格處應填入動詞原形。句中的tiny cracks and gaps指的是"狹小的縫隙和缺口"，隨著時間流逝，它們會，從而導致外界更多的空氣流入室內。可知，expand"擴充套件，增大"符合句意。

　　8. 【答案】 O***。

　　【精析】形容詞辨析題。空格前面有不定冠詞a，後面為名詞number，因此空格處需要填入一個形容詞。此處的a number of為固定短語，意思是"大量的"，number前可以加上一些表示程度的形容詞，如great，large，vast等，表示"數量極大的"。因此，形容詞備選項中，vast"巨大的"符合句意。

　　9. 【答案】 F***。

　　【精析】形容詞辨析題。空格後面為ones，所以空格處需要填入形容詞作定語。在意義上，句中存在from...to...結構，表示一種轉變或變化，因此空格處的形容詞應該和to後面處於定語位置的postwar在意義上相對。postwar指二戰以後，是一個較近的時間。因此，空格處詞應該具有"較早的，久遠的"的意思。另外，從句中舉出的例子Lincoln's Cottage***林肯故居***也可以驗證這一推斷。所以historic"歷史上著名的，有歷史意義的"符合句意，為本題答案。

　　10. 【答案】 I***。

　　【精析】動詞辨析題。空格前面有動詞help，後面有名詞短語，而help不能與後面的介詞from搭配使用，因此排除空格處為形容詞的可能性，空格處應該為省略to的動詞不定式。另外，從句意上來看，這一句承接上句，仍然在陳述為老住宅進行升級的好處。備選動詞中符合結構和句意雙重要求的只有protect，因此為本題答案。

　　As is known to all, the organization and management of wages and salaries are very complex. Generally speaking, the Accounts Department is __1__ for calculations of pay, while the Personnel Department is interested in discussions with the employees about pay.

　　If a firm wants to __2__ a new wage and salary structure, it is essential that the firm should decide on a __3__ of job evaluation and ways of measuring the performance of its employees. In order to be __4__, that new pay structure will need agreement between Trade Unions and employers. In job evaluation, all of the requirements of each job are defined in a detailed job description. Each of thsoe requirements is given a value, usually in "points", which are __5__ together to give a total value for the job. For middle and higher management, a special method is used to evaluate managers on their knowledge of the job, their responsibility, and their __6__ to solve problems. Because of the difficulty in measuring management work, however, job grades for managers are often decided without __7__ to an evaluation system based on points.

　　In attempting to design a pay system, the Personnel Department should __8__ the value of each job with these in the job market. __9__, payment for a job should vary with any differences in the way that the job is performed. Where it is simple to measure the work done, as in the works done with hands, monetary encouragement schemes are often chosen, for __10__ workers, where measurement is difficult, methods of additional payments are employed.

　　[A]compare

　　[B]responsible

　　[C]useful

　　[D]added

　　[E]find

　　[F]reference

　　[G]indirect

　　[H]method

　　[I]successful

　　[J]combined

　　[K]Necessarily

　　[L]capacity

　　[M]ability

　　[N]Basically

　　[O]adopt

　　參考答案：

　　1. B

　　2. O

　　3. H

　　4. I

　　5. D

　　6. M

　　7. F

　　8. A

　　9. K

　　10. G

　　Americans are proud of their variety and individualty, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform. Why are uniforms so __1__ in the United States?

　　Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more __2__ than civilian clothes. People have become conditioned to __3__ superior quality from a man who wears a uniform. The television repairman who wears a uniform tends to __4__ more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes. Faith in the __5__ of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform. What an easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to __6__ professional identity than to step out of uniform? Uniforms also have many __7__ benefits. They save on other clothes. They save on laundry bills. They are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes.

　　Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of __8__ experienced by people who must wear them. Though there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without __9__, until retirement. When people look alike, they tend to think, speak, and act __10__, on the job at least.

　　[A] skill

　　[B] popular

　　[C] get

　　[D] change

　　[E] similarly

　　[F] professional

　　[G] character

　　[H] individuality

　　[I] inspire

　　[J] differently

　　[K] expect

　　[L] practical