英語的名詞主謂一致性
名詞的主謂一致性是什麼樣子的呢?大家知道嗎?接下來，小編給大家準備了,歡迎大家參考與借鑑。
1. 並列結構作主語時與謂語的一致關係
a*** 由and連線兩個名詞或者代詞作主語時
A and B分為以下四種情況：
i. A、B表示不同的人、物或者觀念的時候，謂語動詞要用複數形式
Li Ming and Zhang Hua are good students.
Both the parents and the children are here.
ii. A、B表示同一個人、物或者觀念的時候，謂語動詞要用單數形式
A journalist and author lives in the sixth flat.
The turner and fitter is under twenty-five.
iii. And連線幾個單數主語，主語由each、 every、 no、 many a等詞修飾的時候，謂語動詞要用單數
Each boy and each girl is invited.
Every boy and girl is invited.
No boy and no girl is there now.
iv. A、B為兩個不可分的東西時，謂語動詞用單數
A law and rule about protecting environment has been drawn1 up.
Bread and butter is nutritious2.
b*** 由or, not only… but also …, either… or …, neither… nor …連線主語時，謂語的人稱和數與靠近的主語一致 ***注意，敘述句和疑問句隨語序不同而不同***
Either you or I am mad.
Neither you nor he is naughty.
Not only the farmer but also his family were friendly to me.
c*** 當主語後跟有with, along with, together with, besides, except, like, including, as well as, rather than等詞的時候，謂語動詞不受片語的影響，僅和主語保持一致
All but one were here just now.
A library with five thousand books is offered to nation as a gift.
2. 單一主語的情況
a*** 以複數形式結尾的統稱名詞作主語時，例如physics, maths, economics3, news, means4, works5, 等一般在謂語動詞中用單數形式, 當然，若表示複數的意思則另當別論
Physics is very important.
Every means has been tried.
b*** 當由至少兩個部分組成的工具的名稱，或者衣服的名稱等作主語時，例如trousers/pants, shoes, glasses, scissors6, goods, clothers等，謂語用複數形式;如果這些詞由Pair***suit, piece, series,kind***+ of修飾的時候，謂語動詞要用單數
My trousers are white and his clothes are black.
A pair of scissors is lying in that drawer.
但是在these/those pairs ***…*** of + 複數名詞之後，謂語動詞則用複數形式
These kinds of glasses are popular this summer.
3. 動名詞，不定式，從句作主語的時候，謂語動詞一般要用單數
To see is to believe.
Swimming is a good way to keep health.
Who is her father is not known1.
4. 集體名詞作主語時
a*** mankind/humanity/man***人類***作主語的時候，謂語動詞一般用單數形式
Only man knows how to cook.
b*** 由people, police, cattle2, youth等集體名詞作主語的時候，謂語動詞用複數形式
The cattle are grazing3 in the field.
c*** Family, croud, class, public, enemy等集體名詞作主語的時候
i. 若當整體看，則謂語動詞用單數形式
Our class is very diligent4.
ii. 若他們表示的人或者事物當作若干個個體來看，謂語動詞則用複數形式
When I came into the room, his family were watching TV.
iii. A family/group/class作主語時，謂語動詞用單數
families/groups/classes作主語時，謂語動詞用複數
A group is coming to the zoo.
5. 其他情況
a*** 主語為表示距離、時間、長度、價值、金額、重量等複數名詞的時候，謂語動詞用單數形式
3 kilometers is not very far.
Three times three makes nine.
b*** one, every/each one, each, anyone, either, neither + of + 複數名詞
謂語動詞一般用單數形式，因為of之後的複數名詞不是主語而是介詞of的賓語，of前面的one, every one … 才是主語
Neither of them is right.
Each of them has a slide.
c*** none of + 不可數名詞——謂語動詞用單數形式
none of + 可數名詞 ——謂語動詞單復均可
None of that money in the desk is his.
None of his classmates knows the truth.
d*** 分數或百分數 + of + 片語
分數或百分數+ of +片語作主語時，謂語動詞的數取決於of後的名詞或者代詞的數;若名詞或代詞是複數，謂語動詞用複數，若名詞或代詞是單數，則謂語動詞用單數
Three-thirds of the surface of the earth is sea.
Tens of tons of waste goes into the air with the smoke every day.
e*** more than one +***單數名詞***+單數動詞
more than two +***複數名詞***+複數動詞
More than one white rose has bloomed.
More than two white roses have bloomed.
f*** a ***great*** number of + 複數名詞 ——用複數動詞
the number of + 任何名詞 —— 用單數動詞
A great number of tourists have been to the Great Wall.
The number of students in the computer class is limited to ten.
g*** the + 形容詞，表示一類人 ——謂語動詞用複數
the + 形容詞，表示一類物 ——謂語動詞用單數
The rich are for the decision but the poor are against it.
The beauty is here.
h*** every, any, some, no 構成的複合詞someone, somebody, something ，no one, nobody, nothing everyone, everybody, everything anyone, anybody, anything這些複合詞作主語的時候，謂語動詞用單數形式
Everyone in the class was surprised at the news.
Listen, someone is knocking at the door.