狀語從句的用法如何使用狀語從句
狀語從句即指在主從複合句用作狀語的從句。那狀語從句具體要怎麼使用呢?以下是由小編整理關於狀語從句的用法的內容,希望大家喜歡!
狀語從句的用法
一、概說
按照其意義,狀語從句可分為時間狀語從句、地點狀語從句、原因狀語從句、目的狀語從句、結果狀語從句、條件狀語從句、讓步狀語從句等。狀語從句是高中英語學習中的一個語法重點,也是歷年高考重點考查的內容之一。學習狀語從句主要應注意引導狀語從句的從屬連詞的用法與區別,以及從屬連詞在一定的語言環境中的意義與用法。
二、時間狀語從句
1. 引導時間狀語從句的從屬連詞很多,常見的有before, after, when, while, as, since, till, until, as soon as 等。
2. 表示“當…時候”的 while, when, as 的用法區別是:while從句中的謂語動詞必須是延續性動詞;表示帶有規律性的“每當”或當主、從句謂語動詞的動作發生有先後時,只能用 when;當表示“一邊…一邊…”或“隨著”時,只能用 as。另外,用於此義的 as 所引導的時間狀語從句謂語只能是動作動詞,不能是狀態動詞。如下面一道高考題的答案是 B 而不能是A:
“I’m going to the post office.” “_____ you’re there, can you get me some stamps?”
A. As B. While C. Because D. If
3. until 在肯定句中通常只連用延續性動詞,表示相應動作結束的時間;在否定句中通常連用非延續性動詞,表示相應動作開始的時間,意為“直到…才”。如:
He waited until she was about to leave. 他等著一直到她準備離開。
I did not begin to work till he had gone. 他走了後我才開始工作。
4. 表示“一…就”除用 as soon as 外,還可用 the minute, the second, the instant, immediately, directly, instantly, no sooner…than, hardly…when 等。如:
I came immediately you called. 你一來電話我就來了。
Hardly had she arrived when it began to snow. 她剛到就下起雪來了。
The moment I have finished I'll give you a call. 我一干完就給你打電話。
5. every time, each time, ***the*** next time, ***the*** last time, by the time, the first time, any time 等以 time 結尾的詞語也可用作連詞,引導時間狀語從句。如:
Next time you come in, please close the door. 下次你進來,請關門。
He didn’t tell me anything the last time I saw him. 上次我見到他時他什麼也沒告訴我。
By the time I got home, she had already gone to bed. 我到家時她已睡覺了。
三、條件狀語從句
1. 引導條件狀語從句的從屬連詞主要有 if, unless, as [so] long as等。如:
Don’t come unless I telephone. 除非我打電話,否則你別來。
If you watch carefully you will see how to do it. 如果你仔細瞧你會看出該怎樣做。
As long as you do your best, we’ll be happy. 只要你盡力,我們就滿意了。
2. in case 也可引導條件狀語從句,其意為“如果”、“萬一”。如:
In case I forget, please remind me about it. 如果我忘了,請提醒我。
四、讓步狀語從句
1. 引導讓步狀語從句的從屬連詞主要有 although, though, however ***=no matter how***, even if***即使***, whether…or***不論…還是***等連詞。如:
The speech is good, though it could be better. 這次演講不錯,雖然還可以再好一點。
He went out even though it was raining. 儘管下雨,他還是出去了。
2. as 也可引導讓步狀語從句,但要將名詞、形容詞或副詞等提到 as 前,若提前的是單數可數名詞,要省略 a / an。如:
Teacher as he is, he can’t know everything. 雖然是老師,他也不可能什麼都懂。
3. 連詞 while 有時也可表示“儘管”、“雖然”,引導讓步狀語從句。如:
While we don’t agree we continue to be friends. 儘管我們意見不同,我們還是朋友。
4. whatever, whoever, however, whenever, wherever 等引導讓步狀語從句。如:
Don’t lose heart whatever you do. 不管你做什麼,都不要灰心。
Whoever you are, you can’t pass this way. 不管你是誰,你都不能從這裡通過。
注:表示“雖然”的 though, although 不可與 but 連用,但可與 yet, still 連用。