霍金的主要成就、著作、言論大集合

麥迪奇(1449～1492年)

Medici,Lorenzo de'

別名高貴的洛倫佐（Lorenzo the Magnificent）

佛羅倫斯政治家和文學藝術的贊助者。為科西莫.德.麥迪奇的孫子，他是麥迪奇家族最傑出的人。1469年起，他與弟弟朱利亞諾一起統治佛羅倫斯。1478年佛羅倫斯最重要的一支銀行業家族帕齊家族暗殺了朱利亞諾，帕齊家族是與西克斯圖斯四世（他沒有參與暗殺朱利亞諾的行動）、那不勒斯國王結盟的。由於洛倫佐直接向那不勒斯國王求助，使他得以重獲在佛羅倫斯的權力，在他去世之前，都一直是該市唯一的統治者。他年僅十三歲的兒子喬凡尼從教宗英諾森八世那裡取得了樞機主教的職位，後來也成為教宗，也就是利奧十世。洛倫佐動用麥迪奇家族的財富資助了許多藝術家，如波提且利、達文西和米開朗基羅，他可能是歷史上最出名的贊助者。但他的這種作為導致麥迪奇銀行破產，不過麥迪奇家族的政治勢力依舊稱霸於佛羅倫斯和托斯卡尼。

English version：

1449～1492年

Medici,Lorenzo de'

Florentine statesman and patron of arts and letters. The grandson of Cosimo de'Medici,he was the most brilliant of the Medici family. He ruled Florence with his younger brother,Giuliano,from 1469. Giuliano was assassinated in 1478 by the Pazzi,a leading Florentine banking family,which was in league with Sixtus IV (who did not support the assassination) and the king of Naples. Lorenzo's direct appeal to the king allowed him to regain power in Florence,and he was sole ruler of the city until his death. His 13-year-old son Giovanni was created a cardinal by Pope Innocent VIII and later became pope as Leo X. Lorenzo used the Medici riches to patronize many artists,including Sandro Botticelli,Leonardo da Vinci,and Michelangelo,and he remains perhaps the most famous patron of all time. His policies bankrupted the Medici bank,but the political power of the Medici remained strong in Florence and Tuscany.