怎樣寫好雅思作文結構
我們與雅思作文親密接觸、短兵相接的時刻就是秀才遇到兵的時刻—心裡有一大堆道理,卻怎麼也說不清。一小時的生死時速,四百字的極限挑戰,滴水不漏的嚴密邏輯,長嘆:英國人想要的是資料分析家、外交官,還是雄辯師?
一、斷定文體。
雅思大作文分為三種文體:議論文Argumentation,說明文Report,混合問Combination。這三類文體相互交叉又彼此區別,如果不能夠根據題目的要求進行有效卻分,將會導致對題目的曲解或誤讀,造成5分的低分。
議論文Argumentation可以說在雅思最為常見,幾乎在每年48次考試中佔比重達到70-85%的權重。
Nowadays, it is widely accepted that social skills are as important as good qualifications for success in a job.
To what extent do you agree or disagree? ***2012.1.14***
該話題就社會技能和學歷對事業成功的作用進行討論,提出對立的雙方觀點,要求考生採取立場agree or disagree。
In some cultures the old age is more valued, while in some cultures youth is more valued. Discuss both views and give your opinion. ***2012.3.31***
該篇則亮出兩個對立觀點,老人和年輕人誰更有價值,要求考生就兩觀點雙邊討論,並採取立場discuss both views and give your opinion。
Many people fail to achieve a balance between work and the other parts of life.
What causes the situation? How to overcome this problem? ***2012.3.8***
題目中沒有提出討論,而詢問工作生活不平衡的原因和解決方案,故該篇尾說明文,只需要擺出原因,提出可行方案即可。
Increasing the price of petrol is the best way to solve growing traffic and pollution problems.
To what extent do you agree or disagree.
What other measures do you think might be effective? ***C8T3***
該話題將內容查分成兩部分,前者要求討論高油價是不是最好的緩解交通和汙染方法,再要求說明其他方法。一篇文章及包含議論有融入說明,該文即混合文章。而混合文章自劍9釋出後,考次正逐步處於一個上升趨勢,但相比議論Argumentation,一年仍然考不到3次。
根據以上說明,相比大家對文體斷定有了初步瞭解,這對初識雅思的同學們是至關重要的一環。接下來,我們接著就型別進行詳細解析。
二、確定型別。
如果文章能夠定位是議論文後,該文體還可以再細分為單邊討論類和雙邊討論型兩種。根據不同的字眼,要採取不同的文章段落結構來應對。
Argumentation ***討論類***:
單邊類***開頭表明立場***:
Do you agree or disagree?
What do you think?
To what extend do you agree or disagree?
Which do you think is the better approach?
Do advantages outweigh its disadvantages?
Advertising discourages us from being different individuals by making us all want to be and look the same.
To what extent do you agree or disagree? ***2012.10.27***
單邊類在開頭段往往鼓勵考生亮明自己的態度,究竟支援還是反對,是好處大於壞處,還是壞處大於好處;明確給出自己的立場,從而避免含糊帶來的不確定。
禁止出現中立態度。雖然評分標準沒有明確表示反對中立方案,但考慮到考試時間緊,速度快,騎牆對考生表達能力和思維辯證邏輯要求異常高,容易造成觀點混亂,從而到最後既反對又支援,沒有給出自己的態度。
雙邊類***客觀論述後表明立場,切勿過早亮明觀點***:
Discuss both views and give your own opinions.
Evaluate those two factors and give your opinion.
Some people think personal happiness is directly related to economic success, while others believe this depends on other factors.
Discuss both sides and give your own opinion.***2012.10.11***
雙邊類和單邊類在文章構架上有很大區別,千萬不可混用,否則6.5分的文章打到5分你都不知道個所以然。記住,雙邊討論類關鍵詞是discuss和and。主考官認為不要在開頭段擺明自己的立場。因為題目要求你先雙邊討論,然後給觀點。所以順序很重要。否則,就不能做到客觀地討論雙邊,你的思想已經有了傾向性。
單雙亦可
Is this a positive or negative development? ***advantages / disadvantages***
Some languages are increasing in use,while many others are declining.
Do you think this is a positive or negative development? ***2013.11.16***
該型別屬於單雙亦可的問法,觀點的早晚沒有太大問題,因為問題很含糊,只要在結尾前表個態就算圓滿完成任務。