高一英語必背知識點
高中英語新課程標準的總目標是發展學生的綜合語言應用能力,高一英語有哪些必背的知識點呢?接下來小編為你整理了,一起來看看吧。
:句型
1*** It was the first time in a year and a half that I had seen the night face to face. ***從句時態用完成時*** 這是我一年半以來第一次目睹夜晚。
2*** I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.***強調句*** 我不知道這是不是因為我長久無法出門的緣故,我變得對一切與大自然有關的事物都無比狂熱。
3*** I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven one evening in order to have a good look at the moon for once by myself. 有一天晚上,我熬到11點半故意不睡覺,為的是獨自好好看看月亮一次。
4*** Your friend, who doesn’t work hard, asks you to help him cheat in the end-of-term exam.***非限制性定語從句*** 你的一個朋友叫你在期末考試中幫他作弊,這個朋友平常不認真學習。
5*** If you have some trouble ***in*** getting along with your friends, you can write to the editor and ask for advice. 如果你在和朋友的相處上有問題,你可以寫信給編輯向他徵求建議。
6*** Add up your score and see how many points you can get. 把你的得分加起來,看看得了多少。
7*** What he did has added to our difficulties. 他的所作所為增加了我們的困難。
8*** His income adds up to $1000 a month. 他每月的收入共計1000美元。
9*** It‘s no pleasure looking through these any longer because nature is one thing that really must be experienced. 觀看這些已不再是樂趣,因為大自然是你必須體驗的。
10*** Why is she so concerned about his attitude to her work? 她為什麼那麼關注他對她的工作的看法?
11*** The police asked him to set down what he had seen in a report. 警察讓他在報告中寫下他所看見的事情。
12*** As I was about to go out and search for him, he happened to come in. 正當我打算出去找他時,他恰巧進來。
13*** Mr. Jones lives alone and often feels lonely. 瓊斯先生單獨一人生活,常常感到孤獨。
14*** We tried to calm him down, but he kept crying. 我們試圖讓他平靜下來,但他仍不停地哭著。
15*** Does he dare ***to*** go out at night in such stormy weather? 他敢在這樣一個暴風雨夜外出嗎?
16*** He would go through fire and water for his country. 他願為國家赴湯蹈火。
17*** That country suffered a heavy loss in the flood. 那個國家在水災中遭受嚴重的損失。
18*** World Englishes come from those countries where English plays an important role as a first or second language, either because of foreign rule or because of its special role as an international language.***定語從句*** 世界英語來自那些以英語為第一或第二語言的國家,英語在這些國家起重要作用,或是因為外國的統治,或是因為其作為國際語言的特殊地位。
19*** All languages change when cultures communicate with one another. 當不同的語言互相溝通時,所有的語言都會發生變化。
20*** Actually, the English spoken between about AD 450 and 1150 was based more on German than present day English.實際上,從公元450年到1150年,人們所說的英語更多的是以德語為基礎的,而現代英語不是。
21*** Would you please come up to my flat for a visit? 請到我的公寓裡來坐坐,好嗎?
22*** Believe it or not, he cheated in the exams. 信不信由你,他在考試中作弊。
23*** Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English.
以英語作為母語的人,即使他們所講的語言不盡相同,也可以互相交流。
24*** Today the number of people learning English in China is larger than even before. 目前在中國學習英語的人數比以往任何時候都多。
25*** It is the duty of a government to provide education for the children of its country. ***it作形式主語***政府的責任是為其國家的小孩提供教育。
26*** Reading is one of the best ways of improving your vocabulary and usage. 閱讀是幫助你改善詞彙及其用法的最好方法之一。
27*** Giving commands is less polite than making a request. 發號命令比發出請求粗魯。
28*** We asked her for directions and she told us to go round the corner on the left and keep going straight for two blocks. 我們向她問路,她告訴我們往左邊拐彎後直走兩個街區。
29*** He knows several languages, such as English, French and German. 他懂幾種語言,例如英語、法語和德語。
30*** My sister and I have dreamed about cycling along the Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends. 我姐姐和我一直夢想要沿湄公河從源頭到終點騎車旅行。
:詞彙
well-dressed adj. 穿著講究的
glance v. 匆匆一看***常與at連用***
sigh v. 嘆氣
senior adj. 級別高的
employee n. 職員,僱員
prefer v. 寧可,更喜歡
communicate v. 交流
gesture n. 手勢,姿勢
expression n. 表情
appearance n. 外貌,外表
impression n. 印象
downwards adv. 向下地
assistance n. 幫助
without hesitation 毫不猶豫
remark v. 說,評論
remind v. 提醒
eye contact 目光接觸,眼神交流
signal v. 表示
hostility n. 敵意
boredom n. 無聊
confusion n. 困惑
maintain v. 保持
consider v. 認為
lack of 缺少
last v. 持續,延續
avoid v. 避免
respect n. 尊敬
authority n. 權力
in authority 掌權的
concentration n. 專心,專注
subtle adj. 微妙的
stare v. 盯著看,凝視***常與at連用***
rude adj. 粗魯的
leaflet n. 傳單,廣告單
hairstyle n. 髮型,髮式
suit v. 適合
guarantee v. 保證
on top of the world 高興到極點,心滿意足
expert n. 專家
curl n. ***一綹***捲髮
angle n. 稜角
balanced adj. 均衡的
in addition to 此外,另外
shampoo n. 洗髮劑
shampoo v. 用洗髮劑洗
effective adj. 有效的
conditioner n. 護髮素
normal adj. 正常的
apply v. 使用
wet v. 把...弄溼
squeeze v. 擠
comb n. 梳子
comb v. ***用梳子***梳***頭髮***
damage v. 損害
loose v. 使變鬆
dirt n. 灰塵
hairdryer n. 吹風機
overuse v. 過度使用
bald adj. 禿頂的
ensure v. 保證
pay attention to 注意,關注
protein n. 蛋白質
adequate adj. 足夠的
dairy product 乳製品
stress n. 精神壓力,緊張
rob of 奪去
remedy n. 治療方法,補救方法
rinse v. ***用清水***沖洗掉,漂洗
regularly adv. 經常
rub v. 搓***某物***
tourism n. 旅遊業
tourist n. 遊客
twist v. 盤旋,蜿蜒,曲折
construction n. 建造
magnificent adj. 壯麗的,巨集偉的
structure n. 構造體,建築物
include v. 包括,包含
gallery n. ***藝術品***陳列室,展覽館
bronze ware n. 青銅器
sculpture n. 雕塑
calligraphy n. 書法
seal n. 印章
historical adj. 歷史的,有關歷史的
civilization n. 文明
preserve v. 儲存,保藏,保護
admit v. 准許進入
scenery n. 風景,風光
landscape n. 風景
attract v. 吸引
reflection n. 映像,倒影
base n. 底座,基礎
remains ***複數***遺蹟
abandon v. 遺棄,拋棄
access v. 到達,進入
stadium n. ***周圍有看臺的*** 運動場
hold v. 容納
empire n. 帝國
ruin n. 廢墟,遺蹟
fall into ruin 成為廢墟
stand n. 看臺
overlook v. 俯瞰,眺望
tomb n. 墳墓
wonder n. 奇蹟
studio n. 演播室
film v. 拍攝***電影或電視節目***
director n. 導演
contestant n. 參賽者
whisper v. 低語,耳語
faint v. 昏厥
gasp v. ***因驚訝或害怕***喘著氣說
cameraman n. ***電影或電視的***攝影師
seat v. 使坐下
rush forward 衝上前去
powder v. ***往臉上***抹粉
cue v. ***在表演中***提示
clap v. 拍手,鼓掌
boom v. 用洪亮而低沉的聲音說
quiz n. 智力競賽
terrific adj. 極好的,極棒的
ahead of 領先
tense adj. 緊張的,焦慮的
beat v. 戰勝,擊敗
keep still 靜止不動
trend n. 趨勢
surround v. 環繞
achieve v. 達到,活的
suspend v. 懸掛,吊
stereo adj. 立體聲的
arrange v. 佈置
viewer n. 電視觀眾
digital adj. 數碼的,數字的
cigarette lighter n. 打火機
record v. 將***聲,像***錄下
cassette n. 磁帶盒,盒式磁帶
:語法
S+V是主謂
S+V+DO 是主謂加雙賓
S+V+P是主謂賓
S***主語***+V***謂語***+ I***間接賓語***+D***直接賓語***
S***主語***+V***動詞***+O ***賓語***+Complement***補語***
1. Subject ***主語*** + Verb ***謂語***
這種句型中的動詞大多是不及物動詞,這些動詞常見的有:appear, apologize,arrive, come, die, disappear, exist, fall, happen, rise,等等。如:
The students work very hard.學生們學習很努力。
She apologized to me again. 她再次向我道歉。
The accident happened yesterday evening.事故是昨天晚上發生的。
2. Subject ***主語*** + Link. V***系動詞*** + Predicate***表語***
這種句型中的系動詞一般可分為下列兩類:
***1***表示狀態的連繫動詞。這些詞有:be, look, seem, appear, smell, taste, sound, keep, remain, 等等。如:
Several players lay flat on the playground.幾個隊員平躺在操場上。
We should remain modest and prudent any time.我們在任何時候都應該保持謙虛謹慎。
This kind of food tastes terrible.這種食物吃起來很糟糕。
The picture looks more beautiful at a certain distance.這幅畫在一定的距離看更漂亮一些。
***2***表示轉變或結果的系動詞。這些詞有:become, get, grow, turn, go, come, prove,等等。如:
Spring comes. It is getting warmer and warmer.春天到了,天氣變得越來越暖和。
Don't have the food. It has gone bad.不要吃那種食物,已經變質了。
The facts prove true.事實證明是正確的。
3. Subject***主語*** + Verb ***謂語*** + Object ***賓語***
這種句型中的動詞應為及物動詞或者可以後接賓語的動詞短語。同時,句子中有時含有與賓語有關的狀語。作賓語的成分常是:名詞、代詞、動詞不定式、動名詞或從句。如:
You can put the books in your bag.你可以把書放在書包裡。
Farmers in our area grow lots of vegetables.我們這裡的農民種很多種蔬菜。
She lost the chance to make her appearance on the stage.她失去了在舞臺上露面的機會。
I prefer to make web pages.我更喜歡做網頁。
4. Subject***主語***+Verb***謂語***+ Indirect object***間接賓語***+Direct object ***直接賓語***
這種句型中作間接賓語的常常指“人”,直接賓語常常指“物”。如:
Yesterday her father bought her a bicycle as a birthday present.昨天她父親給她買了一輛自行車作為生日禮物。
The old man is telling the children stories in the Long March.老人正在給孩子們講長征中的故事。
這種句型還可轉換為其他兩種句型:1***動詞 + 賓語 + for sb.; 2***動詞 + 賓語+to sb.。如:
Please show me your picture.
-Please show your picture to me.
請把你的畫給我看一下。
I'll offer you a good chance as long as you don't lose heart.
—I'll offer a good chance for you as long as you don't lose heart.
只要你不失去信心,我會給你提供機會的。
5. Subject***主語***+Verb ***動詞***+Object ***賓語***+Complement***補語***
這種句型中的賓語+ 補語可統稱為“複合賓語”。擔任補語的常常是名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、分詞、動詞不定式等。如:
Keep the children quiet, please. 請讓孩子們安靜下來。
He painted the wall white. 他把牆漆成白色。
We found him an honest person.我們發現他是一個誠實的人。
His mother told him not to play on the street.他母親告訴他不要在街上玩。
注意:動詞have, make, let, see, hear, notice, feel, observe, watch等後面所接的動詞不定式作賓補時,不帶to。如:
The boss made him do the work all day.老闆讓他整天做那項工作。