大學英語四級寫作技巧剖析

  今天小編想和大家一起來說說關於大學英語四級的作文,我們都知道在當下幾乎所有英語考試中都有寫作的身影,考生能否將所學的知識恰當輸出、靈活應用就成為了得分的關鍵。

  要想輕鬆應對四六級作文考題,考生還應該熟悉四六級題型,並有針對性地進行考前複習和練習。

  四級作文常考型別包括三種:看圖寫話作文、說明介紹作文和引語格言作文。

  其中看圖寫話型別的寫作近年來考察頗為頻繁,近三年考試中多達9篇,無疑應該是大家複習的重點。

  不過,寫作題型靈活多變,偶爾打破常規,出現“反押題”傾向,正如2016年6月考查了書信的寫作,這時,對應用類作文準備不夠充分的考生就容易亂了陣腳,因此,考前練習多種題材和體裁的寫作才是迎戰變化的有效途徑。

  一.應用文體知多少

  應用文在人類長期社會實踐中產生,用以傳遞資訊、處理事務、抒發情感等。隨著社會發展進步,人們在學習、工作和生活中交往越發頻繁,應用文的用武之地亦越來越多。應用文著眼於實際,具備實用、真實、有針對性、時效性強等特點,並形成了慣用格式。

  四六級寫作中容易涉及的應用文包括:建議信、倡議書、感謝信、求職信、演說辭、介紹語等。應用文雖然可能是很多考生平時練習較少的一種文體,但由於寫作方法大同小異,而且應用文目的性明確,易審題,所以偏題的可能性相對較低。

  二.英語應用文基本結構和格式

  1.稱呼:左上角,頂格寫,稱呼前可以加上“尊敬的、親愛的”等修飾限定語,稱呼後使用逗號,該部分表明資訊傳達的受眾或物件,如Dear Li Hua ***親愛的李華***,Dear President ***敬愛的主席***,To whom it may concern ***致有關人士***,Ladies and gentlemen ***女士們先生們***。

  2.日期:中文應用文的日期常位於文章右下角,英文卻在右上角,一般寫作June 15,2016 ***2016年6月15日***,常見於通知、日記、信函、邀約中,介紹語、競選稿等可不必加時間。

  3.正文:應用文的主體部分,位於文章正中,可參照考試作文三段式寫法,即引入***introduction***-分析***analysis***-總結***conclusion***:

  第一段引入:交代寫作目的或簡介基本資訊,直陳為何事心懷感激、備感榮幸、深表歉意等。正文開頭可加入寒暄語,如好久不見***long time no see***或最近過得怎麼樣***how are you recently***。

  第二段分析:詳細分析和舉例描述。第二段是對第一段在內容上的拓展和延伸。考生應該掌握兩種基本句型——分析句和例證句,分析句表明觀點,說明人或事物的因果、利弊、意義或重要性;例證句則用例子詳細闡釋觀點以避免空洞表意,應用文中的例子一般需要緊貼現實,或者用個人經歷現身說法,或者用熟人經歷側面表達感受。

  第三段總結:總結文章,提出措施或願景。總結全文時再一次表達觀點或感受,為避免句子重複,可以考慮同義詞替換或句式變換,如表達“喜悅之情”,第一次用happy,第二次就用delighted,表達“重要性”,第一次用something is greatly important,第二次就用something is of great importance,還可以考慮強調句。最後針對問題提出措施或者發表美好願景即可。

  4.署名:右下角,第一行可寫禮貌用語如Sincerely yours,Truly yours等,結尾打逗號,第二行寫作者姓名或者單位組織如Xiao Ming ***小明***, the Students’ Union ***學生會***。

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  三.四級應用文寫作真題分析

  2016年6月四級寫作真題:給老師的感謝信

  Directions:

  For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to express your thanks to one of your school teachers upon entering college. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

  參考作文:

  June 16, 2016 ***日期***

  Dear Mrs. Smith, ***稱呼,明確寫信物件***

  It has been a while since graduation, and words cannot express how much I’ll miss you. ***寒暄問候,禮貌開頭*** I am writing this letter to express my thanks for your generous help at the start of my college life and to tell you my true feelings from the bottom of my heart. ***直接交代寫信目的、感謝物件及基本原因***

  My innermost appreciation mainly lies in two respects. ***過渡句,承上啟下*** First, you were so warm-hearted to care for the freshmen after we entered college. ***原因分析一*** No better example can be found than the help you offered to me. In order to help me quickly get accustomed to college life, you showed me around the campus and introduced me to a great many new friends. ***例證闡釋一*** In addition, your sense of humor made every class both entertaining and educational, ***原因分析二*** which aroused my strong curiosity in chemistry and exerted a heavy influence on my desire to study. ***例證闡釋二***

  It was your warmth, kindness and thoughtfulness that drove away my fear of the unfamiliarity of college life. ***總結全文,再次表達感謝,運用強調句以突出主題*** I will regard you, Mrs. Smith, as the best teacher of my college years and the guide of my future career. ***提出願景和希冀***

  Sincerely yours,

  Li Hua ***署名***

  四.寫作常見錯誤

  寫作中的基本錯誤如同洪水猛獸,好多考生寫了很多年、錯了很多年。以下是應用文寫作的常見錯誤,平時需多加留心。

  1.動詞第三人稱

  誤:I am very sorry to tell you that my brother have to decline your job offer. ***拒絕信***

  正:I am very sorry to tell you that my brother has to decline your job offer.

  2.單詞拼寫

  誤:Anyway, I do apreciate your kindness of discussing the details of the position with me. ***感謝信***

  正:Anyway, I do appreciate your kindness of discussing the details of the position with me.

  3.主謂一致

  誤:The reasons why I’m making a complaint about the canteen service is as follows. ***投訴信***

  正:The reasons why I’m making a complaint about the canteen service are as follows.

  4.片語搭配

  誤:I am looking forward to see you soon in my hometown. ***介紹家鄉***

  正:I am looking forward to seeing you soon in my hometown.

  5.時態混亂

  誤:It is high time for you to extend a helping hand to this little girl who is struck by cancer last month. ***倡議書***

  正:It is high time for you to extend a helping hand to this little girl who was struck by cancer last month.

  完成應用文寫作的30分鐘內,希望考生留出3-5分鐘進行檢查,做法是通讀寫作全文,在心裡默默翻譯一遍,逐字逐句尋找錯誤並改正。改正時切勿塗黑影響卷面,只需將錯誤的部分劃掉即可。此外,還應該注意應用文寫作書寫規範和美觀,英文字母宜清楚整齊,字母的大小和間距要勻稱。