初中英語短語辨析
初中英語短語比較辨析,讓你更加清楚它們的使用。下面是小編給大家整理的,供大家參閱!
1
1. course, subject
course課程可包括多門科目,subject科目具體的學科a summer course
2. custom, habit
custom傳統風俗,習俗,也可指生活習慣,後接to do, habit生活習慣,習慣成自然,後接of doing. I've got the habit of drinking a lot.
3. cause, reason
cause 指造成某一事實或現象的直接原因,後接of sth./doing sth,reason用來解釋某種現象或結果的理由,後接for sth./doing sth. the reason for being late
4. exercise, exercises, practice
exercise運動,鍛鍊不可數,exercises練習可數,practice反覆做的練習 Practice makes perfect.
5. class, lesson
作"課"解時,兩者可以替換.指課文用lesson. 指班級或全體學生用class. lesson 6; class 5
6. speech, talk, lecture
speech指在公共場所所做的經過準備的較正式的演說,talk日常生活中的一般的談話,講話,lecture學術性的演講,講課 a series of lecture on„
7. officer, official
officer部隊的軍官,official政府官員 an army officer
8. work, job
二者均指工作。work不可數,job可數 a good job
9. couple, pair
couple主要指人或動物,pair多指由兩部分組成的東西 a pair of trousers
10. country, nation, state, land
country側重指版圖,疆域,nation指人民,國民,民族,state側重指政府,政體,land國土,國家 The whole nation was sad at the news.
2
1. clothes, cloth, clothing
clothes統指各種衣服,謂語動詞永遠是複數, cloth指布,為不可數名詞 clothing 服裝的總稱,指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of
2. incident, accident
incident指小事件, accident指不幸的事故He was killed in the accident.
3. amount, number
amount後接不可數名詞, number後接可數名詞 a number of students
4. family, house, home
home 家,包括住處和家人,house房子,住宅,family家庭成員. My family is a happy one.
5. sound, voice, noise
sound自然界各種各樣的聲音,voice人的嗓音,noise噪音I hate the loud noise outside.
6. photo, picture, drawing
photo用照相機拍攝的照片,picture可指相片,圖片,電影片,drawing畫的畫
Let's go and see a good picture.
7. vocabulary, word
vocabulary詞彙,一個人擁有的單詞量,word具體的單詞He has a large vocabulary.
8. population, people
population人口,人數,people具體的人 China has a large population.
9. weather, climate
weather一天內具體的天氣狀況,climate長期的氣候狀況 The climate here is not good for you.
10. road, street, path, way
road具體的公路,馬路,street街道,path小路,小徑,way道路,途徑
take this road; in the street, show me the way to the museum.
3
1 a bit/ a little
這兩個詞都意為“一點兒”有時可以互換,但有時不能。
Ⅰ.二者作程度副詞修飾形容詞、副詞、動詞或比較級時,意義相同,為“一點兒” “有些”。如: ① I am a bit / a little hungry. 我有點餓。
② He walked a bit / a little slowly. 他走路有點慢。
Ⅱ.二者都可以作名詞片語,充當主語或賓語。如:
① A little / bit is enough for me. 我有一點兒就夠了。
② I know only a little / a bit about her. 我對她的情況只瞭解一點。
Ⅲ。a little可直接修飾名詞;a bit後須加of才可以。如:
①. There is a little water in the bottle. = There is a bit of water in the bottle.
[注意] a little of 後的名詞通常特指,表“„„中的一些”,如:
①May I have a little of your tea?
Ⅳ. 否定形式 not a little 作狀語,相當於very/ quite, “很”, “非常”;作定語和賓語時,相當於much, 意為 “許多”。而not a bit 作狀語時,相當於not at all, 意為“一點也不”,作賓語時則相當於not much. Eg: ① He is not a little =very hungry. 他餓極了。
② He is not a bit =not at all hungry.他一點也不餓。
③ She ate not a little =much. 她吃得很多。
Ⅴ. Not a bit 中的not 可以分開使用;not a little中的not 則不能分開。Eg:
① He felt not a bit tired. = He didn‟t feel a bit tired. 他覺得一點也不累。
② He felt not a little tired. 他覺得非常累。但不能說:He didn‟t fell a little tired.
§2 a few/ few/ a little/ little
Ⅰ. a few和few修飾可數名詞,a little和little修飾不可數名詞;a few和a little表示肯定意義,few和little表示否定意義,可受only修飾。如:
① Few people will agree to the plan because it‟s too dangerous.
②This text is easy to understand though there are a few new words in it.
③ There is little water left in glass. Will you please give me some
④ Don‟t worry, we have a little time left.
⑤
§3 about/ on
Ⅰ.about “關於”表示的內容較為普通或指人時用它。側重於敘事,多用於敘述個人經歷和事蹟,故事內容涉及一些較淺的問題。是非正式用語。
Ⅱ.on “關於”側重於論述政治理論,國際形勢,學術報告等。也就是說,當表示這本書,這篇文章或演說是嚴肅的或學術性的可供專門研究這一問題的人閱讀時用。eg:
This is a text book on African history. 這是一本關於非州歷史的教科書。[注]:它們有時可通用。
§4 accident/incident “事故”
Ⅰ. accident 可以表示事故,指不幸的意外事件。也表偶然的事件。
① Twenty people were killed in the railway accident
② He met with an accident. 這完全是偶然的事。
Ⅱ. Incident 的意思是事件,尤指與較重大的事件相比,顯得不重要的事件。它還可以表引起國際爭端或戰爭的事件。
① It is a quite common incident.這是很普通的事。
② The Lugouqiao incident accrued on July 7th, 1937. 蘆溝橋事件發生於1937年7月7日。
看過的人還: